MASTER QUESTIONS COMPLIE | Cheat Sheet Medical Microbiology

REMEDIATED MASTERY QUESTIONS

The nurse should ensure the client understands that she will receive which of the following interventions?

D. Radioactive infusions or insertions into or near the tumor

Brachytherapy is a type of radiation therapy during which the radiation source, either an implant or via infusion, is in direct contact with the client's tumor

continuously for a specific duration.

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has stomatitis due to chemotherapy and radiation therapy.

Which of the following statements by the client indicates a need for further teaching?

A. "I will use a soft toothbrush or foam swab for oral care."

B. "I will use lemon and glycerin swabs after meals."

C. "I will remove my dentures except while eating."

D. "I will rinse my mouth frequently with hydrogen peroxide solution."

This client statement indicates a need for further teaching. The nurse should instruct the client who has stomatitis to avoid the use of lemon glycerin swabs

because they cause drying and irritation of the mucous membranes.

A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving peritoneal dialysis. The nurse notes that the client's dialysate

output is less than the input and that his abdomen is distended. Which of the following actions should the

nurse take? - C. Change the client's position

This client is retaining the dialysate solution after the dwell time. The nurse should ensure that the clamp is open and the tubing is not kinked and should

reposition the client to facilitate the drainage of the solution from the peritoneal cavity.

A nurse is planning care for a client who is receiving chemotherapy and has a protein deficiency. Which of the

following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care? (Select all that apply.)

A. Mix powdered skim milk into liquid milk

C. Add a slice of cheese to hot vegetables

E. MIX yogurt into fresh fruit

A nurse is planning care for a client who is postoperative following a hip arthroplasty. In the client's medical

record, the nurse notes a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Which of the following

oxygen-delivery methods should the nurse plan to use for this client? - D. Nasal cannula

What is the priority nursing intervention when providing care to a patient with hearing loss? - a. Creating a

safe environment

Which risk factors should the nurse discuss with the client concerning reasons for hearing loss? (SATA)

1. Perforation of the tympanic membrane.

2. Chronic exposure to loud noises.

3. Recurrent ear infections.

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REMEDIATED MASTERY QUESTIONS

The nurse should ensure the client understands that she will receive which of the following interventions? D. Radioactive infusions or insertions into or near the tumor Brachytherapy is a type of radiation therapy during which the radiation source, either an implant or via infusion, is in dire ct contact with the client's tumor continuously for a specific duration. A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has stomatitis due to chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Which of the following statements by the client indicates a need for further teaching? A. "I will use a soft toothbrush or foam swab for oral care." B. "I will use lemon and glycerin swabs after meals." C. "I will remove my dentures except while eating." D. "I will rinse my mouth frequently with hydrogen peroxide solution." This client statement indicates a need for further teaching. The nurse should instruct the client who has stomatitis to avoid the use of lemon glycerin swabs because they cause drying and irritation of the mucous membranes. A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving peritoneal dialysis. The nurse notes that the client's dialysate output is less than the input and that his abdomen is distended. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? - C. Change the client's position This client is retaining the dialysate solution after the dwell time. The nurse should ensure that the clamp is open and the tubing is not kinked and should reposition the client to facilitate the drainage of the solution from the peritoneal cavity. A nurse is planning care for a client who is receiving chemotherapy and has a protein deficiency. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care? (Select all that apply.) A. Mix powdered skim milk into liquid milk C. Add a slice of cheese to hot vegetables E. MIX yogurt into fresh fruit A nurse is planning care for a client who is postoperative following a hip arthroplasty. In the client's medical record, the nurse notes a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Which of the following oxygen-delivery methods should the nurse plan to use for this client? - D. Nasal cannula What is the priority nursing intervention when providing care to a patient with hearing loss? - a. Creating a safe environment Which risk factors should the nurse discuss with the client concerning reasons for hearing loss? (SATA)

**1. Perforation of the tympanic membrane.

Chronic exposure to loud noises.
Recurrent ear infections.**

The client is diagnosed with Mé niè re's disease. Which statement indicates the client understands the medical management for this disease? - C. "I must adhere to a low-sodium diet, 2,000 mg/day." Which intervention will the nurse include in the plan of care for a patient with moderate dementia who had a fractured hip repair 2 days ago? - B. Remind the patient frequently about being in the hospital. The nurse is planning care for a patient with dementia. Which would be an appropriate intervention to include in this patient's care plan? - A. Increase verbal and environmental cues. A patient with moderate AD has a nursing diagnosis of impaired memory related to effects of dementia. What is an appropriate nursing intervention for this patient? - b. Establish and consistently follow a daily schedule with the patient. A nurse is assisting with the care of a client who has a femur fracture and is in skeletal traction. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? - Ensure the client's weights are hanging freely from the bed. A nurse in a provider's office is assessing a client's skin lesions. The nurse notes that the lesions are 0.5 cm (0.20 in) in size, elevated, and solid with distinct borders. The nurse should document these findings as which of the following skin lesions? - A. Papules A papule is a small, solid, elevated lesion with distinct borders. It is usually smaller than 10 mm in diameter. Papules are common lesions of warts and elevated moles. A nurse is assessing a client who has an exacerbation of herpes zoster. Which of the following manifestations of the client's skin should the nurse expect? - C. Unilateral, localized, nodular skin lesions Herpes zoster, or shingles, results from the reactivation of a dormant varicella virus. It is the acute, unilateral inflammation of the dorsal root ganglion. The infection typically develops in adults and produces localized vesicular lesions confined to a dermatome. It produces localized, nodular skin lesions. A nurse is preparing to administer packed RBCs to a client who has a Hgb of 8 g/dL. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take during the first 15 min of the transfusion? - B. Assess for an acute hemolytic reaction Mr. D, a 19-year-old premed student, has been brought to the emergency department (ED) by his roommate, who is a medical student and a family friend. Mr. D reports abdominal pain, polyuria, vomiting, and thirst. He appears flushed, and his lips and mucous membranes are dry and cracked. His skin turgor is poor. He has deep, rapid respirations, and there is a fruity odor to his breath. He has type 1 diabetes and "may have skipped a few doses of insulin because of cramming for finals." He is alert and conversant but is having trouble focusing on the nurse's questions. Vital signs and blood glucose

Blood glucose: 685 mg/dl
Blood pressure: 100/ mmHg
Heart rate: 120 beats/min
Respiratory rate: 32 breaths/min
Temperature: 100.8°F (38.2°C) ABGs
- pH: 7.
- PaO2: 97 mmHg
- PaCO2: 25 mmHg
- Bicarb: 12 mEq/L The nurse has completed the triage assessment and history taking. Now what is the priority action? Take the client immediately to a treatment room

A nurse is caring for a teenage girl with a family history of osteoporosis. Which statement by the client requires further teaching? B. "I will avoid weight-bearing exercises to prevent stress on my bones." Weight-bearing exercises strengthen bones and reduce osteoporosis risk. Avoiding exercise can lead to lower bone mass. A nurse is performing health screenings at a health fair. Which of the following clients have a risk factor for osteoporosis? (Select all that apply.)

**1. A 40-year-old client who has been taking prednisone for 4 months

A 45-year-old client who takes phenytoin for seizures
A 65-year-old client who has a sedentary lifestyle
A 70-year-old client who has smoked for 50 years** 1,3,4,5 Prednisone affects the absorption and metabolism of calcium and places the client at risk for osteoporosis when taken for an extended time (at least 3 months). Phenytoin affects the absorption and metabolism of calcium and places the client at risk for osteoporosis. A sedentary lifestyle places the client at risk for osteoporosis because bones need the stress of weight bearing activity for bone rebuilding and maintenance. Smoking increases the risk for osteoporosis because it decreases osteogenesis. Weight-bearing activities decrease the risk for osteoporosis due to placing stress on bones, which promotes bone rebuilding and maintenance. A nurse is teaching a client about preventing osteoporosis. Which teaching point is correct? A. The recommended daily allowance of calcium may be found in a wide variety of foods. Determining a client's risk of developing osteoporosis. Which are risk factors for bone loss?(SATA) B. Hypertension D. Low vitamin D intake E. Smoking The patient tells the nurse in the preoperative setting that she has noticed she has a reaction when wearing rubber gloves. What is most appropriate intervention? b. ask additional questions to assess for a possible latex allergy A patient who has never had any prior surgeries tells the nurse doing the preoperative assessment about an allergy to bananas and avocados. Which action is most important for the nurse to take? b. Alert the surgery center about a possible latex allergy. Certain food allergies (e.g., eggs, avocados, bananas, chestnuts, potatoes, peaches) are related to latex allergies. When a patient is allergic to latex, special nonlatex materials are used during surgical procedures, and the staff will need to know about the allergy in advance to obtain appropriate nonlatex materials and have them available during surgery. The other actions also may be appropriate, but prevention of allergic reaction during surgery is the most important action. pg 339 Allergies When conducting a preoperative assessment of the patient for possible allergies, the most effective technique regarding identification of a possible latex allergy would be for the nurse to: C. Use both the terms latex and natural rubber when asking the patient about possible allergic reactions. A nurse is caring for multiple clients during a mass casualty event. Which of the following clients is the priority? C. A client who has partial-thickness and full-thickness burns to his face, neck, and chest The nurse should give first priority to the client who has the greatest chance of survival with prompt intervention. If not treated risk for airway obstruction, but is otherwise expected to live. Therefore, this client is the highest priority A nurse on a medical-surgical unit is informed that a mass casualty event occurred in the community and that it is necessary to discharge stable clients to make beds available for injury victims. Which of the following

clients should the nurse recommend for discharge? ( SATA ) C. A client who is scheduled for elective surgery D. A client who has chronic hypertension and blood pressure 135/85 mm Hg The nurse should identify a client who is scheduled elective surgery is stable and is therefore appropriate to recommend for discharge. A Blood Pressure 135/85 mm Hg is within the reference range for prehypertension. The nurse should identify this client as stable and appropriate to recommend for discharge A nurse is creating a plan of care for a client who has neutropenia as a result of chemotherapy. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan? B. monitor the client's temperature every 4 hrs. The nurse should monitor the temperature of a client who has neutropenia every 4 hr because the client's reduced amount of leukocytes greatly increases the client's risk for infection. A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is experiencing neutropenia as a result of chemotherapy. Which of the following information should the nurse include? (SATA) Bathe with antimicrobial soap daily. Take temperature daily. Avoid gardening. TAG: T emperature- check it daily, A ntimicrobial (soap) bathe with it, G ardening (Avoid it) A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has neutropenia. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching? a. Eat plenty of fresh fruits and vegetables. b. Avoid crowds. c. Perform mild exercise, such as gardening. d. Take temperature weekly. A nurse in a dermatology clinic is using the ABCDE method while screening several of a client's skin lesions for skin cancer. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider? Color variation within a lesion A nurse is assessing a client who has an exacerbation of herpes zoster. which of the following manifestations of the clients skin should the nurse expect? - Unilateral, localized, nodular skin lesions A nurse is caring for a client who has pericarditis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? D. Friction rub A nurse in a clinic is caring for a client who has been on long-term NSAID therapy to treat pericarditis. Which of the following laboratory findings should the nurse report to the provider? A. Platelets 100,000/mm A nurse is preparing a client who is scheduled to have an arthroscopy the following day. Which of the following statements indicates that the client understands the pre-procedure teaching? - The doctor will be able to see if I have signs of rheumatoid arthritis

After obtaining a blood specimen from a client's peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC), which of the following actions should the nurse take next? D. Flush with 20 mL 0.9% sodium chloride. A nurse is planning care for a client who has a PICC line in the right arm. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include? (SATA) A. Use a 10 mL syringe to flush the PICC line The nurse is teaching a client who is being discharged about care for a peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) line. Which client statement indicates a need for further education? "I can continue my 20-mile (32- km) running schedule as I have in the past. A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving total parenteral nutrition via a peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC). When assessing the client, the nurse notes swelling of the client's arm above the PICC insertion site. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first? A. Measure the circumference of both upper arms. A nurse is caring for a client who has a left peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) line and is receiving intermittent IV antibiotics. The client has a new prescription for 1 unit of packed RBCs. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? D. Use the existing access line for the packed RBCs transfusion What class of medications is most likely to be effective for the treatment of pain with a neuropathic component? Tricyclic antidepressants A client taking newly prescribed gabapentin for persistent neuropathic pain reports dizziness. What is the best nursing response? A. "This is a common side effect of gabapentin and will decrease with use." The nurse is caring for a client admitted to the hospital with a tentative diagnosis of bacterial meningitis. Which diagnostic procedure should the nurse prepare the client for the healthcare provider? - Lumbar puncture A nurse is caring for a client who is having surgery for the removal of an encapsulated acoustic tumor. Which of the following potential complications should the nurse monitor for postoperatively? Select all that apply A. Increased intracranial pressure B. Hemorrhagic shock E. Seizures A nurse is completing an assessment of a client who has increased intracranial pressure (ICP). Which of the following are expected findings? Select all that apply A. Disoriented to time and place B. Restlessness and irritability

C. Unequal pupils D. ICP 15 mm Hg E. Headache A patient systemic BP is 120/60 mm Hg and the intracranial pressure (ICP) is 24 mm Hg. After calculation the patient's cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP), which interpretation would the nurse apply to the results? C. Impaired blood flow to the brain Which statement by the novice nurse demonstrates understanding of the care required for a patient admitted earlier today with a diagnosis of post-head injury concussion? - "I need to assess the patients LOC frequently because changes are the first indication of complications" Which of the following signs of increased intracranial pressure (ICP) would appear first after head trauma? - C. Restlessness and confusion. A nurse is caring for a client who is postprocedure following lumbar puncture and reports a throbbing headache when sitting upright. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? Select all that apply B. Assist the client to a supine position C. Administer an opioid medication D. Encourage the client to increase fluid intake When obtaining the vital signs of a client with multiple traumatic injuries, a nurse detects bradycardia, bradypnea, and systolic hypertension. The nurse must notify the physician immediately because these findings may reflect which complication? - Increased intracranial pressure (ICP) A client had a femoropopliteal bypass graft with a synthetic graft. What action by the nurse is most important to prevent wound infection? Appropriate hand hygiene before giving care The nurse is assessing a client 2 hours postoperatively after a femoral popliteal bypass. The upper leg dressing becomes saturated with blood. The nurse's first action should be to A. Wrap the leg with elastic bandages B. Apply pressure at the bleeding site C. Reinforce the dressing and elevate the leg D. Remove the dressings and re-dress the incision The nurse supervises the graduate nurse caring for the client who had a femoropopliteal bypass graft in the right leg 12 hours ago. The nurse intervenes if the graduate nurse performs which intervention? (SATA) 1.) The graduate nurse places the client in a chair for 30 minutes 2.) The graduate nurse checks the pulses in the right leg hourly 3.) The graduate nurse accurately records intake and output 4.) The graduate nurse obtains a doppler evaluation of the client's right leg every two hours

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REMEDIATED MASTERY QUESTIONS