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MATH399 Statistics—Lab Week 2 Question 1 is worth 5 points and each question after that is worth 4.5 points, for a total of 50 points for the lab. Name: Caitlin Galvin Statistical Concepts:
- Using Excel
- Graphics
- Shapes of distributions
- Descriptive statistics NOTE: Directions for all labs are given based on Excel 2013 for Windows. If you have another version of Excel, you may need to research how to do the same steps. Data in Excel
➢ Excel is a powerful, yet user-friendly, data analysis software package. You can
launch Excel by finding the icon and double clicking on it_._ There are detailed instructions on how to obtain the graphs and statistics you need for this lab in each question. There is also a link to an Excel how to document on the iLab page where you opened this file. Further, if you need more explanation of the Excel functions you can do an internet search on the function like “Excel standard deviation” or “Excel pivot table” for a variety of directions and video demonstrations. ➢ Data have already been formatted and entered into an Excel worksheet. You will see the link on the page with this lab document. The names of each variable from the survey are in the first row of the worksheet. All other rows of the worksheet represent certain students’ answers to the survey questions. Therefore, the rows are called observations and the columns are called variables. Below, you will find a code sheet that identifies the correspondence between the variable names and the survey questions. Survey Code Sheet: Do NOT answer these questions. The code sheet just lists the variables name and the question used by the researchers on the survey instrument that produced the data that are included in the Excel data file. This is just information. The first question for the lab is after the code sheet. Variable Name Question Drive (^) Question 1: How long does it take you to drive to the school on average (to the nearest minute)? State Question 2: In what state/country were you born?
Shoe Question 3: What is your shoe size? Height Question 4: What is your height to the nearest inch? Sleep Question 5: How many hours did you sleep last night? Gender Question 6: What is your gender? Car Question 7: What color of car do you drive? TV Question 8: How long (on average) do you spend a day watching TV? Money Question 9: How much money do you have with you right now? Coin Question 10: Flip a coin 10 times. How many times did you get tails? Frequency Distributions
1. Create a frequency table for the variable State. In the Excel file, you can click on Data and then Sort and choose State as the variable on which to sort. Once sorted, you can count how many students are from each state. From that table, use a calculator to determine the relative percentages, as well as the cumulative percentages. In the box below, type the states from the database in a column to the left, then type the counts, and relative and cumulative frequencies to the right of the respective state. Using the data in the table, make a statement about what the frequency counts or percentages tell about the data. NUMBER OF CUMULAT IVE STATE PEOPLE RELATIVE % % CA 5 0. 14 5 FL 4 0. 71 9 GA 1 0. 43 10 IL 4 0. 71 14 KY 1 0. 43 15 MI 2 0. 86 17 NV 1 0. 43 18 NY 4 0. 71 22 OH 1 0. 43 23 OR 3 0. 29 26 PA 4 0. 71 30
Creating Graphs
2. Create a bar chart for the frequency table in Question 1. Select the State variable values. Click on Insert and then click on the arrow on the bottom right of the Charts area and select Clustered Column and click OK. (Again, different versions of Excel may need different directions.) Add an appropriate title and axis label. Copy and paste the graph here. 3. Create a pie chart for the variable Car. Select the column with the Car variable, including the title of Car. Click on Insert , and then Recommended Charts. It should show a clustered column and click OK. Once the chart is shown, right click on the chart (main area) and select Change Chart Type. Select Pie and OK. Click on the pie slices, right click Add Data Labels , and select Add Data Callouts. Add an appropriate title. Copy and paste the chart here. 15 10 5 0 CA FL GA IL KY MI NV NY OH OR PA SC TX States NUMBER OF PEOPLE RELATIVE % CUMULATIVE % 2 Number Students of 0 4 0 3 5 3 0
Student's Home
States
Student's Car Color
white, 1, 3% black, 7, 20% silver, 7, 20% black blue dark blue green orange red red, 4, 11% silver white (blan k) blue, 9, 26% orange, 1, 3% green, 5, 14% dark blue, 1, 3%
4. Create a histogram for the variable Height. Use the strategies in the text to create a frequency table of the heights using the categories of 60–64, 65–69, 70–74, and 75– 79. It may be helpful to sort the data based on the Height variable first. Create a new worksheet in Excel by clicking on the + along the bottom of the screen and type in the categories and the frequency for each category. Then, select the frequency table, click on Insert , then Recommended Charts and choose the column chart shown and click OK. Right-click on one of the bars and select Format Data Series. In the pop up box, change the Gap Width to 0. Add an appropriate title and axis label. Copy and paste the graph here.
OK. Type in the averages below. Then, click on the down arrow next to Height in the Values box
The most common color of car for students who participated in this survey is blue. I arrived at my answer by looking at the pie chart in question 3. The highest percentage in the chart is 27% which is the color blue. In this histogram, you can see that the most people who participated in this survey were between 65” and 69” tall (49%). From this histogram, you can also see that the people who were 60”-64”(5 people) and 70”-74”(12 people) add up to the same amount of people who are 65”-69” (17 people). The least amount of people (1 person) are between 75”-79” tall. This histogram is positively skewed – meaning the tail end is on the right hand side. From the stem and leaf plot you can see that most students do not carry a lot of money around with them. Just from this small sample, you can see that most of the students had under ten dollars on their person. The least amount of students had 50+ dollars on them. This stem and leaf plot has a “J” shape. again and select Value Field Settings. In the pop up box, click on StdDev then OK. Type the standard deviations below. Mean Standard Deviation Females 67.05882353 3. Males 69.66666667 3. ➢ Select File > Save Worksheet As to save the data set. You must either keep a copy of this data or download it again off the website for future labs. Short Answer Writing Assignment All answers should be complete sentences.
7. What is the most common color of car for students who participated in this survey? Explain how you arrived at your answer. 8. What is seen in the histogram created for the heights of students in this class (include the shape)? Explain your answer. 9. What is seen in the stem and leaf plot for the money variable (including the shape)? Explain your answer.
