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Pediatric Emergencies: A Comprehensive Study Guide, Study Guides, Projects, Research of Pediatrics

Virginia State University (VSU)Pediatrics

This study guide provides a concise overview of pediatric emergencies, covering essential clinical signs, diagnostic approaches, and treatment protocols. It includes key topics such as respiratory compromise, trauma management, fractures, asthma, croup, epiglottitis, pneumonia, and child abuse. The guide offers practical insights into medication dosages, fracture types, and critical interventions, making it a valuable resource for medical students and healthcare professionals involved in pediatric care. It emphasizes the importance of recognizing life-threatening emergencies and acting quickly to ensure the best possible outcomes for young patients. The guide also highlights key considerations for managing specific conditions and potential complications, enhancing its utility as a quick reference and study aid.

Typology: Study Guides, Projects, Research

2025/2026

Available from 10/24/2025

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Med - Pediatric Emergencies Study Guide
1.
Pediatric
Emergencies:
Lecture 8: Pediatric
Emergencies
2.
Just
FYI:
Clinical signs of problems in Children
1.
Lethargy
with
little
or
no
apprehension
to
examination
or
painful
procedures
2.
Irritability,
particularly
when
held
by
parents,
with
inability
to
be
comforted
3.
Poor
feeding
associated
with
weak
suck
and
poor
interest
in
feeding
4.
Poor
urine
output,
less
diapers.
5.
Weak
cry
or
no
cry
when
painful
procedures
or
examination
maneuvers
are
performed
6.
Elevated
temperature
or
hypothermia
7.
Poor
capillary
refill
with
mottled
skin
appearance
and
poor
turgor
8.
Persistent
vomiting
with
or
without
feedings
9.
Complaint of headache and photophobia (in older children, not reliable sign in those under 18
months)
10.
Drooling
or
stridor
with
severe
air
hunger
11.
Cyanosis
of
lips
and
extremities
with
poor
perfusion
and
absent
pulses
in
the
lower
extremities
12.
Extreme
hypotension
pf3
pf4
pf5
pf8
pf9
pfa

Partial preview of the text

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Med - Pediatric Emergencies Study Guide

  1. Pediatric Emergencies: Lecture 8: Pediatric Emergencies
  2. Just FYI: Clinical signs of problems in Children
  3. Lethargy with little or no apprehension to examination or painful procedures
  4. Irritability, particularly when held by parents, with inability to be comforted
  5. Poor feeding associated with weak suck and poor interest in feeding
  6. Poor urine output, less diapers.
  7. Weak cry or no cry when painful procedures or examination maneuvers are performed
  8. Elevated temperature or hypothermia
  9. Poor capillary refill with mottled skin appearance and poor turgor
  10. Persistent vomiting with or without feedings
  11. Complaint of headache and photophobia (in older children, not reliable sign in those under 18 months)
  12. Drooling or stridor with severe air hunger
  13. Cyanosis of lips and extremities with poor perfusion and absent pulses in the lower extremities
  14. Extreme hypotension
  1. Any presentation of trauma that may be associated with a blunt injury to the head or thorax or wi
  2. True: T or F: TRUE life-threatening emergencies ’respiratory compromise leading to increased metabolic demands and cardiac compromise as a secondary event
    1. CT scan
  4. NO tetracyclines (stain teeth) or FQ (tendon rupture)
  5. Augment
  6. Dehydrate
  7. K+
  8. DROP: Caveats for Kids
  9. Use conservatively because they give ott a lot of
  10. No or medications
  11. = diarrhea
  12. Children easily
  13. Children dump their easily
  14. Children compensate well, then precipitously, act quickly
  15. A. > 10 you = BUCG
  1. 10-15 yo
  2. Trauma; Sports/Fall
  3. Point tenderness around
  4. Swelling & erythema: Salter-Harris Fracture
  5. Fracture through in peds
  6. MC in patients aged yo
  7. Often due to , usually related or fall
  8. Complaint of around Fx site
  9. On PE, and
    1. Physis (growth plate)
  11. Physis + Metaphysis
  12. Physis + epipyphysis 4 All three
  13. Crush: What are each Salter-Harris Fx Type: Type 1 Type 2 (MC) Type 3

Type 4 Type 5

  1. Cast: What is the TX for Type 1 Salter-Harris FX?
  2. Repositioned then cast: What is the TX for Type 2 Salter-Harris FX? (MC)
  3. Reposition then cast
  • Concerning because the joint cartilage is disrupted by fx: What is the TX for Type 3 Salter-Harris FX?
  1. Reposition +/- Surgery: What is the TX for Type 4 Salter-Harris FX?
  2. Permanent growth plate injury: What is the complication of Type 5 Salter- Harris FX?
  3. Nursemaid's Elbow (MC < 4 yo because ligament gets stronger after 4): What is the MC elbow injury in children?
  4. Hyperpronation or Supination-flexion: What is the TX for Nursemaid's Elbow?
  5. True: T or F: you cannot see Nursemaid's Elbow on X-ray, get comparative views & pt wont use it extremely frozen!
  6. Asthma: What is the # 1 respiratory emergency in children?
    1. Parainfluenza Type 1 & 2
  2. 6 months- 3 yo
  3. Steeple Sign: Croup
  4. What is the MCC of croup (laryngotracheitis)?
  5. Usually, MC in yo
  6. sign seen on X-ray
    1. Bark cough
  8. Stridor
  9. Hoarseness
  10. Low fever: What are the sxs of Croup? (6mn to 3yo)
    1. hot shower, Fluids, Decadron, Racemic Epi, antipyretics
  12. BMV do not intubate: 1. What is the TX for Croup?
  13. Do we intubate if bad?
    1. H. Flu
  15. 3 to 6 yo (they're older than croup)
  16. Thumb sign
  1. steroids + abx -BMV do not tube: Epiglottitis
  2. What is the MCC of Epiglottis?
  3. MC in yo
  4. What can be seen on x-ray?
  5. What is the TX for Epiglottitis?
    1. high fever & sore throat
  7. dyspnea
  8. drooling
  9. muffled speech
  10. tripod
  11. thumb print sign: What are the sxs of epiglottitis? (2-6yo)
    1. High concentration O
  13. Abx & Nasal Swab
  14. Intubate or BVM if severe: What is the TX for PNA in a kid?
    1. Physical: intentional/beating/shaking
  2. Sexual: b/w adult & permissive or non-permissive child
  3. Physical neglect: failure for caregivers to provide: What are the ditterent types of child abuse?
    1. Wrenching or pulling injuries that damage bone metaphysis
  5. Tinea capitis vs pulling: look for lack of skin involvement
  6. Circular punched out burns= Cigarettes V-shaped= Iron Linear pattern on the outer body= immersion hot water
  7. In areas that cannot be reached, unusual in a fall, or take the shape of an object: What to look for Child abuse:
  8. Fracture
  9. Damage hair
  10. Burns
  11. Bruises
  1. Spiral: What fracture type increases suspicion of child abuse?
  2. Head Trauma (SDH, Skull/rib fx or shaken baby): What is the MCC of death in children from child abuse?
  3. Intra-abdominal injuries which result in shock if liver or spleen ruptures: What is the 2nd MCC of death in children from child abuse?
    1. Retinal hemorrhaging
  5. Brain swelling
  6. Subdural hematomas: What is the Triad for shaken baby syndrome?
  7. SIDS: What does back to sleep campaign prevent?
  8. PE with attention to historical facts: What is the MOST important part of the evolution process if you suspect child abuse?
    1. XRAY for all bones
  10. CT if head & abd injury is suspected: You suspect child abuse what imaging do you order?
  11. KNOW!!!: Reporting Abuse
  12. Proper authorities MUST be notified
  13. Child should NOT be released until their safety can be assured