Kinematics: Speed, Velocity, Acceleration, and Projectile Motion, Study notes of Technology

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1 – D

K I N E M A T I

C S

Module 2

Lesson 3

Elementary Physics I

Kinematics

Derived from the

Greek word ‘kinesis’

which means

motion.

A study which

describes the

motion of objects.

Velocity

Vector quantity

Represents the total displacement

travelled per unit of time.

𝑣 =

𝑥 − 𝑥

0

𝑡

where:

x = displacement (m)

t = time (s)

Acceleration

Change in velocity per unit of time.

𝑎 =

𝑣 −𝑣

0

𝑡

Where:

a = acceleration

(m/)

v = final velocity (m/

s)

= initial velocity (m/

Where:

x = displacement (m)

= initial velocity

= final velocity (m/s)

t = time (s)

a = acceleration (m/)

Sign Conventions

• Acceleration is positive or negative depending on

whether the resultant force is with or against the

positive direction.

• Velocity is positive or negative depending on

whether the direction of motion is with or against

the chosen positive direction.

• Displacement is positive or negative depending

on the location or coordinate position of the

object relative to its zero position.

Formula:

Where:

y = final height (m)

= initial height (m)

= initial velocity (m/s)

= final velocity (m/s)

t = time (s)

g = acceleration due to gravity (9.8 m/s

2

)

Projectile

An object launched into space

without motive power of its own.

Trajectory

The path travelled by the projectile.

Range

T he total displacement travelled by the

object in a projectile motion (x-value).

Height

The total height travelling by the

object in a projectile motion (y-value).

Where:

x = final displacement (m)

= initial displacement (m)

= initial velocity (m/s)

t = time (s)

y = final height

= initial height

= final velocity (m/s)

g = acceleration due to gravity (9.8 m/)

a = acceleration (m/)