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MICROBE MISSION EXAM, Exams of Environmental science

Environmental science

Great for Science Olympiad specifically microbe mission event

Typology: Exams

2023/2024

Uploaded on 02/12/2024

melissa-cortes-6
melissa-cortes-6 🇺🇸

7 documents

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bg1
1. A 40X objective and a 10X ocular produce a total magnification of
A. 50 B. 400 C. 40 D. 140 E. 4000
2. Living, unstained cells and organisms can be observed best using
A. fluorescent microscopy B. TEM C. phase contrast microscopy D. compound light microscopy
3. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is best used to study
A. small internal cell structures B. surface morphology C. living specimens D. all of the above
4. Transmission electron microscopy is best for high magnification viewing of
A. internal structure of fixed cells B. internal structure of live, motile cells
C. surface structure of fixed cells D. surface membranes of live, motile cells
5. Which of the following statements about transmission electron microscopy is not true?
A. the specimen must be stained with osmium or other heavy metal
B. the specimens are placed in a high vacuum for viewing
C. the specimens must be sliced very thin, 20-100 nm in thickness
D. the beam is focused by electromagnetic lenses
6. Phase contrast microscopy
A. continuously changes the phase of the incident light from the condenser to improve contrast in the specimen
B. uses circular filters in the condenser and objective to give contrast to parts of the cell with different
refractive indices
C. uses special lenses to distinguish between solid and liquid phases of the cell
D. uses special lenses to change the color of light passing through them
7. Which of the following is NOT equivalent to 10 micrometers?
A. 0.0001 cm B. 0.01 mm C. 10,000 nm D. 100,000 Angstroms
8. A typical viral infection includes the following steps:
1. release
2. penetration
3. adsorption
4. replication
5. assembly
Which of the following sequences represents the correct order of the above steps?
A. 3, 2, 5, 4, 1 B. 2, 3, 1, 4, 5 C. 3, 2, 4, 5, 1 D. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
9. Cysts and/or spores are produced by all of the following groups of microbes EXCEPT
A. Fungi B. Prions C. Bacteria D. Animal-like protists
10. You have found a single cell that is not mobile, and when you examine it in the light microscope, you see no
organelles inside the cell. What is the most likely type of microbe that you have found?
A. virus B. fungus C. protozoan D. bacterium
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Download MICROBE MISSION EXAM and more Exams Environmental science in PDF only on Docsity!

  1. A 40X objective and a 10X ocular produce a total magnification of A. 50 B. 400 C. 40 D. 140 E. 4000
  2. Living, unstained cells and organisms can be observed best using A. fluorescent microscopy B. TEM C. phase contrast microscopy D. compound light microscopy
  3. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is best used to study A. small internal cell structures B. surface morphology C. living specimens D. all of the above
  4. Transmission electron microscopy is best for high magnification viewing of A. internal structure of fixed cells B. internal structure of live, motile cells C. surface structure of fixed cells D. surface membranes of live, motile cells
  5. Which of the following statements about transmission electron microscopy is not true? A. the specimen must be stained with osmium or other heavy metal B. the specimens are placed in a high vacuum for viewing C. the specimens must be sliced very thin, 20-100 nm in thickness D. the beam is focused by electromagnetic lenses
  6. Phase contrast microscopy A. continuously changes the phase of the incident light from the condenser to improve contrast in the specimen B. uses circular filters in the condenser and objective to give contrast to parts of the cell with different refractive indices C. uses special lenses to distinguish between solid and liquid phases of the cell D. uses special lenses to change the color of light passing through them
  7. Which of the following is NOT equivalent to 10 micrometers? A. 0.0001 cm B. 0.01 mm C. 10,000 nm D. 100,000 Angstroms
  8. A typical viral infection includes the following steps:
    1. release
    2. penetration
    3. adsorption
    4. replication
    5. assembly Which of the following sequences represents the correct order of the above steps? A. 3, 2, 5, 4, 1 B. 2, 3, 1, 4, 5 C. 3, 2, 4, 5, 1 D. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
  9. Cysts and/or spores are produced by all of the following groups of microbes EXCEPT A. Fungi B. Prions C. Bacteria D. Animal-like protists
  10. You have found a single cell that is not mobile, and when you examine it in the light microscope, you see no organelles inside the cell. What is the most likely type of microbe that you have found? A. virus B. fungus C. protozoan D. bacterium

The table below lists type of microbe in a row and types of cellular components in the columns. A in the box means the component is always absent in this type of microbe B in the box means the component is always present in this type of microbe C in the box means the component may or may not be present in this type of microbe To answer the question, you will choose A, B, or C for the numbered boxes. You can start by writing your answers in on the test document if you wish, but YOU MUST EVENTUALLY BUBBLE IN your answer on the answer sheet. For example, for question 11, if you think the nuclear membrane is always present in viruses, you would write/bubble in B as the answer to question #11 on the answer sheet. Similarly, if you think that some but not all bacteria contain a nuclear membrane, then your answer should be C. Remember A= Absent in all members of this group B=Present in all members of the group C=Present in some but not all members of the group Type of Microbe Nuclear Membrane Chloroplast Cell Wall Both DNA and RNA Viruses 11. (A) A 12. (A) 13. (A) Bacteria 14. (A) 15. (A) C 16. (B) Fungi 17. (B) 18. (A) 19. (B) 20. (B) Plant-like protists 21. (B) 22. (B) B 23. (B) Animal-like protists B 24. (A) 25. (A) 26. (B) Prions 27. (A) A 28. (A) 29. (A)

  1. All of the following statements about the causative agent of AIDS are true except A. it contains RNA instead of DNA B. it infects cells of the immune system C. it is assembled in the nucleus of the cell D. it mutates while in the body of a victim
  2. Thirty-six colonies grew in nutrient agar from 1.0 ml of sample withdrawn from a solution diluted to 10^5 in a standard plate count procedure. How many cells were in the original sample? A. 360 B. 3,600 C. 360,000 D. 1,800,000 E. 3,600,
  3. Which of the following is the best definition of generation time? A. the length of time it takes for lag phase B. the length of time it takes for a population of cells to double C. the maximum rate of doubling divided by the initial count D. the duration of log phase E. the time it takes for nuclear division
  4. An experiment began with 4 cells and ended with 128 cells. How many generations did the cells go through? A. 64 B. 32 C. 6 D. 5 E. 4
  5. Which of the following is the agent associated with development of neurodegenerative disease in livestock and humans? A. viroids B. virions C. virinos D. prions E. viruses

A. Archaea B. bacterium C. alga D. fungus 44-46 Pertain to the following information: Organism A is found to be resistant to high temperatures and acid conditions; organism B is found to be capable of movement by a long wavy appendage.

  1. What structure is probably the cause of the properties of organism A? A. spore B. cell wall C. flagellum D. answer not given
  2. What structure is responsible for the property of organism B? A. spore B. cell wall C. flagellum D. answer not given
  3. Organism B could belong to any of the following groups except A. Fungi B. Bacteria C. Animal-like protists D. Plant-like protists
  4. Based on Figure 20-3, how does the prion protein differ from the normal protein? A. the prion is much larger B. the prion has a different shape C. the prion has a different chemical formula D. the prion is more spherical
  5. Prion diseases share important clinical, neuropathological, and cell biological features with: A. Kuru B. Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease C. Gerstmann-Straussler syndrome D. Alzheimer’s disease E. Fatal familial insomnia
  6. Eating meat from cattle with bovine spongiform encephalitis can cause a variant of ______ in humans A. Kuru B. Fatal familial insomnia C. Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease D. Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker syndrome E. Alzheimer’s disease
  7. What is the purpose of bacterial endospores? A. Allow the bacterium to make hundreds of “seeds” to spread on the wind B. Help the bacterium to differentiate into faster growing stages of bacteria C. Allow the bacterium to survive the absence of oxygen D. Allow the bacterium to survive extended periods of heat or dryness
  8. What bacteria-killing fungus did Fleming isolate in his 1928 experiment? A. Rhizopus B. corn smut C. wheat rust D. Penicillium

Matching (numbers 52-56) A. halophiles B. cyanobacteria C. thermophiles D. proteobacteria E. methanogens

  1. These live in temperatures that are not usually conducive to life (C)
  2. These produce CH 4 (E)
  3. These can live in water of very high salt concentration (A)
  4. These can form heterocysts, valuable in nitrogen fixation (B)
  5. These are the most diverse monophyletic group of bacteria (D)
  6. Of all organisms, prokaryotes are the A. smallest B. most abundant C. most metabolically diverse D. most widespread E. all of these
  7. Which of the following is an example of symbiotic mutualism? A. two paramecia exchanging genetic material B. the zooflagellate Giardia reproducing in a human C. the sporozoan Plasmodium feeding on a human cell D. a zooflagellate digesting food in a termite’s intestine
  8. In general, algal blooms occur when A. the weather is stormy B. toxins accumulate in shellfish C. nutrients decrease in the water D. nutrients increase in the water
  9. NASA scientists recently reported that they isolated an unknown organism from a lake in California. The lake has a 10% salt concentration (the oceans are about 3% salt) and a pH of 10. What is the most likely type of organism isolated? A. Fungus B. Archaea C. Bacteria D. Plant-like protist (alga)
  10. All of the following statements about diatoms are true except that they A. contain walls made of silica B. produce >20% of the world’s oxygen supply as a result of photosynthesis C. are usually green in color D. contain a bipartite cell wall that consists of two overlapping halves
  11. The 70S prokaryotic ribosomes consist of A. two 40S subunits B. a 50S and a 30S subunit C. a 40S and a 30S subunit D. a 50S and a 20S subunit
  12. Gram positive cells A. have a second, outer membrane that helps retain the crystal violet stain B. have multiple layers of peptidoglycan that help retain the crystal violet stain C. have a thick capsule that traps the crystal violet stain
  1. The genetic material in influenza viruses is A. DNA B. RNA C. protein D. All of the above E. None of the above
  2. Infection with HIV will result in a depletion of A. CD1 cells B. CD2 cells C. CD3 cells D. CD4 cells E. CD5 cells
  3. The causative agent of malaria is a(n) A. amoeba B. mosquito C. sporozoa D. flagellated protozoa
  4. The hepadnaviruses such as hepatitis B virus are quite different from other DNA viruses with respect to genome replication. They replicate their DNA using A. DNA-dependent DNA polymerase B. Reverse transcriptase C. Rnase H D. RNA-dependent DNA polymerase E. DNA ligase
  5. Viroids are composed of A. single-stranded DNA B. double-stranded DNA C. single-stranded RNA D. double-stranded RNA E. DNA and RNA
  6. A scientist discovers some cells in the hot spring of Yellowstone National Park. This organism is most likely a(n) A. Archaea B. virus C. alga D. fungus
  7. Plasmids are important to the genetics of many bacteria. This is because A. they are inherited from one generation to the next B. they may carry genes that give their host a selective advantage C. they can render bacteria drug resistant D. all of the above Questions 76-77 pertain to the images below
  8. Which image (A or B) is from a scanning electron microscope? (B)
  1. Which image (A or B) is from a transmission electron microscope? (A)
  2. Genetic variation among bacterial populations may result from all of the following processes except A. transduction B mutation C. meiosis D. conjugation E. transformation For #s 79-83, match the picture to its name.
  3. Peritrichous (A)
  4. Spirochaete (E)
  5. Streptobacillus (AD)
  6. Vibrio (AB)
  7. Staphylococci (C) For #s 84-89, indicate if the statement is true or false using A for true and B for false.
  8. The Archaea are limited in distribution and are found only in the soil. (B)
  9. The size of the cell is often helpful in determining the type of microbe that one is trying to identify. (A)
  10. Penicillin and/or streptomycin can be used to treat influenza viral infections. (B)
  11. Bacterial and fungal infections can usually be treated with the same antibiotic. (B)
  12. All life on Earth depends upon photosynthesis. (B)
  13. Elephantiasis is caused by a worm that is probably infected with Wolbachia sp. (A)
  14. A particular operon encodes enzymes that together manufacture an essential amino acid. If the regulation of this operon is like that of the trp operon, A. the amino acid inactivates the repressor B. the enzymes produced are called inducible enzymes C. the repressor binds to the operator in the absence of the amino acid D. the amino acid acts as a corepressor E. the amino acid turns on enzyme synthesis
  15. One virus has a diameter of 0.15 micrometers. This is _______ nanometers. A. 15000 B. 1500 C. 150 D. 15