Motion study time study, Slides of Economics

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Motion and Time Study

The Goals of Motion Study

• Improvement• Planning / Scheduling (Cost)• Safety

How Does a Job Incumbent Spend a Day

• Value Added vs. Non-Value Added

The General Strategy of IE to Reduce and

Control Cost

• Are people productive ALL of the time ?• Which parts of job are really necessary ?• Can the job be done EASIER, SAFER and

FASTER?

• Is there a sense of employee involvement?

Time Study

• Observation
  • Stop Watch– Computer / Interactive
    • Engineering Labor Standards (Bad Idea)• Job Order / Labor reporting data

History

•^

Frederick Taylor (1900’s)Studied motions of iron workers – attempted to“mechanize” motions to maximize efficiency –including proper rest, ergonomics, etc.

-^

Frank and Lillian Gilbreth used motion picture tostudy worker motions – developed 17 motionscalled “therbligs” that describe all possible work.

Time Study (Stopwatch

Measurement)

1.^

List work elements

2.^

Discuss with worker

3.^

Measure with stopwatch (running VS reset)

4.^

Repeat for n Observations

5.^

Compute mean and std dev of work station time

6.^

Be aware of allowances/foreign element, etc

Work Sampling

• Determined what is done over typical day• Random Reporting• Periodic Reporting

Learning Curve

-^

For repetitive work, worker gains skill,knowledge of product/process, etc overtime

-^

Thus we expect output to increase overtime as more units are produced over timeto complete task decreases as more unitsare produced

Actual Curve

Change, Design, Process, etc

Learning Curve

•^

Usually define learning as a percentage reductionin the time it takes to make a unit.

-^

The definition says a doubling of the total numberof units made produce a constant decrease in thetime per unit

-^

An 80% learning curve implies a 20% decrease inunit time with each doubling of the numberproduced (90% implies 10% decrease, 100%implies no improvement)