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PART 1 FUNDAMENTALS
Gateways to Art: Understanding the Visual Arts , Debra J. DeWitte, Ralph M. Larmann, M. Kathryn Shields
Introduction Time and Motion
Time and motion are closely linked elements in art Most of the traditional art media are inherently motionless and timeless Artists who work in static media have found imaginative ways to indicate the passage of time and the appearance of motion New technology and media have evolved that allow artists to capture and express time and motion
PART 1 FUNDAMENTALS
Gateways to Art: Understanding the Visual Arts , Debra J. DeWitte, Ralph M. Larmann, M. Kathryn Shields
Time
Since events necessarily take place over time, any artwork that deals it must show how time passes Artists find ways to depict the passage of time and to remind us of its influence on our lives
PART 1 FUNDAMENTALS
Gateways to Art: Understanding the Visual Arts , Debra J. DeWitte, Ralph M. Larmann, M. Kathryn Shields
Unknown Artist
The Meeting of
St. Anthony and St. Paul
Solved the problem of how to tell a story in a single painting by merging a series of episodes into one picture
The story begins in the upper left-hand corner where St. Anthony sets out across the desert to seek St. Paul
Next, in the upper right, St. Anthony encounters a mythical creature called a centaur It culminates in the bottom right where the two saints finally meet and embrace
This linear method is still used by artists, comic-book writers, and designers who want to tell a story or express the passing of time
PART 1 FUNDAMENTALS
Gateways to Art: Understanding the Visual Arts , Debra J. DeWitte, Ralph M. Larmann, M. Kathryn Shields
The Attributes of Time
Time-based arts, such as film, embody six basic attributes of time: duration, tempo, intensity, scope, setting, and chronology
PART 1 FUNDAMENTALS
Gateways to Art: Understanding the Visual Arts , Debra J. DeWitte, Ralph M. Larmann, M. Kathryn Shields
Implied Motion
Motion is implied when we do not actually see the motion happening, but visual clues tell us that it is a key aspect of the work- NOTICE THE MOTION CREATED BY DIAGONAL LINES
Gianlorenzo Bernini,
Apollo and Daphne ,
1622 – 4. Carrara marble, 8’ high. Gallería
Borghese, Rome, Italy
Illustrates a story from ancient Greek mythology in which the sun god Apollo falls madly in love with the wood nymph Daphne To convey the action, Bernini uses diagonal lines in the flowing drapery, limbs, and hair At the pivotal moment in the story, the scene is suddenly frozen in time
Giacomo Balla, Dynamism of a Dog on a Leash , 1912. Oil on canvas, 35⅜ x 43¼”. Albright-Knox Art Gallery, Buffalo, New York
PART 1 FUNDAMENTALS
Gateways to Art: Understanding the Visual Arts , Debra J. DeWitte, Ralph M. Larmann, M. Kathryn Shields
Giacomo Balla,
Dynamism of a Dog
on a Leash
Balla paints a series of repeating marks to give the impression that we are seeing motion as it happens He paints the dog’ s tail in eight or nine different positions to communicate movement The composition gives viewers a sense of ongoing forward motion even though the paint on the canvas is perfectly still
Bridget Riley, Cataract 3 , 1967. PVA on canvas, 7’3¾” x 7’3¾”. British Council Collection
PART 1 FUNDAMENTALS
Gateways to Art: Understanding the Visual Arts , Debra J. DeWitte, Ralph M. Larmann, M. Kathryn Shields
Bridget Riley,
Cataract 3
In the 1960s, painters experimented with discordant positive – negative relationships There is a noticeable sense of movement And a vibrating motion Riley understands that the natural oscillation of the eye, combined with the passage of time, makes us feel a sense of motion
Zoetrope, 19th century. Bill Douglas Centre for the History of Film and Popular Culture, University of Exeter, England
PART 1 FUNDAMENTALS
Gateways to Art: Understanding the Visual Arts , Debra J. DeWitte, Ralph M. Larmann, M. Kathryn Shields
Zoetrope, 19th
century
Stroboscopic motion was used in a zoetrope, in which a series of drawings was placed in a slotted cylinder
When the cylinder was spun, the viewer could see an image appearing to move
Inventions like the zoetrope were early forms of animation
PART 1 FUNDAMENTALS
Gateways to Art: Understanding the Visual Arts , Debra J. DeWitte, Ralph M. Larmann, M. Kathryn Shields
Actual Motion
We perceive actual motion when something really changes over time
Performance art is theatrical; the artist’ s intention is not to create an
art object, but an experience that can exist only in one place and time in history
- Performance art emerged as a specific form of visual art during the twentieth century
Kinetic art plays out the passage of time through an art object, usually
a sculpture, which moves
- Blue Man Group perform at the Venetian Hotel, Las Vegas, Nevada, September 17,
