Download Elevators and Escalators Exam Questions and more Exams Technology in PDF only on Docsity!
Question 1. Which physical principle primarily governs the lifting of an elevator car? A) Buoyancy B) Friction C) Newton’s Second Law D) Capacitance Answer: C Explanation: Newton’s Second Law (F=ma) governs the force required to lift and move the elevator car against gravity. Question 2. In elevator design, which force must the counterweight primarily balance? A) The mass of the hoistway B) The weight of the elevator car plus half the rated load C) The friction in the guide rails D) The total building weight Answer: B Explanation: The counterweight is usually designed to balance the weight of the elevator car plus about half the rated passenger load to optimize energy efficiency.
Question 3. What is the basic unit of electrical resistance? A) Ampere B) Volt C) Ohm D) Watt Answer: C Explanation: The ohm is the SI unit of electrical resistance. Question 4. Which law relates voltage, current, and resistance in a circuit? A) Newton’s Law B) Boyle’s Law C) Ohm’s Law D) Faraday’s Law Answer: C Explanation: Ohm’s Law states V = I × R, relating voltage (V), current (I), and resistance (R).
Question 7. Why are safety codes and standards critical in elevator engineering? A) To improve aesthetics B) To reduce manufacturing costs C) To prevent accidents and ensure passenger safety D) To increase energy consumption Answer: C Explanation: Codes and standards ensure safe design, installation, and operation, reducing accident risk. Question 8. What type of elevator uses a counterweight and ropes for movement? A) Hydraulic elevator B) Traction elevator C) Vacuum elevator D) Screw-driven elevator Answer: B Explanation: Traction elevators use ropes and counterweights for efficient vertical movement.
Question 9. Which hydraulic elevator design eliminates the need for a deep pit below the hoistway? A) Direct-acting B) Roped hydraulic C) Holeless hydraulic D) Vacuum Answer: C Explanation: Holeless hydraulic elevators do not require a deep pit, making them suitable for retrofit projects. Question 10. What is a primary benefit of a machine room-less (MRL) elevator? A) Requires more shaft space B) Eliminates the need for a separate machine room C) Operates only on DC power D) Is less energy efficient Answer: B Explanation: MRL elevators incorporate machinery within the hoistway, saving building space.
Question 13. The sheave in a traction elevator serves to: A) Support the hoistway B) Guide car doors C) Change the direction of the ropes D) Provide electrical control Answer: C Explanation: The sheave (pulley) changes the direction of the hoisting ropes, enabling movement. Question 14. What is the function of elevator guide rails? A) Provide electrical power B) Guide the movement of the car and counterweight C) Monitor load weight D) Control door operation Answer: B Explanation: Guide rails keep the car and counterweight aligned and stable during travel. Question 15. Which elevator door type splits in the center and opens to both sides?
A) Side-opening B) Center-opening C) Swing door D) Accordion door Answer: B Explanation: Center-opening doors split in the middle and open simultaneously to both sides for wider access. Question 16. What type of electric motor is commonly used in modern gearless traction elevators? A) Induction AC motor B) DC shunt motor C) Permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) D) Series wound DC motor Answer: C Explanation: PMSM offers high efficiency, reliability, and compactness in modern gearless elevators. Question 17. The primary role of the elevator brake is to: A) Control door opening
B) Overspeed governor C) Limit switch D) Buffer Answer: B Explanation: The overspeed governor detects overspeed and activates the safety mechanism. Question 20. Which elevator safety device absorbs energy if the car overruns its lowest landing? A) Safety gear B) Buffer C) Governor D) Door lock Answer: B Explanation: Buffers at the bottom of the hoistway cushion the car if it descends too far. Question 21. Traffic analysis in elevator design is important to: A) Increase decorative lighting B) Determine optimal elevator quantity and speed
C) Reduce car weight D) Select cable material Answer: B Explanation: Traffic analysis ensures the elevator system meets building usage requirements efficiently. Question 22. ADA compliance in elevators mainly addresses: A) Fire resistance B) Accessibility for persons with disabilities C) Energy consumption D) Seismic safety Answer: B Explanation: ADA standards ensure elevators are accessible to all, including persons with disabilities. Question 23. Which energy-saving feature allows elevators to feed unused energy back into the building’s electrical grid? A) Incandescent lighting B) Regenerative drive C) Manual control
D) Single automatic push-button Answer: B Explanation: Destination dispatch groups passengers by floor, reducing stops and improving efficiency. Question 26. In escalator design, what is the main function of the truss? A) Provide lighting B) Support the whole escalator structure C) Control speed D) Drive the handrail Answer: B Explanation: The truss forms the backbone, supporting all components of the escalator. Question 27. The steps on an escalator are connected in a loop by: A) Belts B) Chains C) Ropes D) Cables
Answer: B Explanation: Steps are linked by chains to form a continuous moving loop. Question 28. What material is commonly used for escalator handrails? A) Wood B) Rubber C) Glass D) Concrete Answer: B Explanation: Rubber or synthetic rubber provides flexibility and grip for handrails. Question 29. The primary safety function of an escalator comb plate is to: A) Provide decoration B) Reduce energy usage C) Prevent objects from slipping between the step and landing D) Control lighting Answer: C
Explanation: Moving walks use a flat (or gently inclined) pallet or belt, unlike escalator steps. Question 32. What is the maximum typical angle of incline for public escalators? A) 10 degrees B) 20 degrees C) 30 degrees D) 60 degrees Answer: C Explanation: The standard maximum incline for public escalators is 30 degrees for safety and comfort. Question 33. To calculate escalator capacity, you need to consider: A) Only the width of the truss B) Step width, speed, and passenger density C) Lighting wattage D) Color of handrail Answer: B
Explanation: Capacity is determined by the width of steps, speed, and how many people fit per step. Question 34. Which safety feature helps prevent entrapment at escalator entry and exit? A) Decorative panels B) Comb plate C) Step demarcation lights D) Both B and C Answer: D Explanation: Both comb plates and demarcation lights help prevent entrapment and alert users at entry/exit. Question 35. What is the primary function of the escalator drive motor? A) Provide lighting B) Move the steps and handrails C) Control door opening D) Monitor passenger flow Answer: B
Explanation: Pallet-type moving walks are widely used where long, flat passenger transport is needed. Question 38. Which material is most commonly used for escalator steps? A) Wood B) Steel C) Glass D) Plastic Answer: B Explanation: Steel is durable and strong, making it suitable for escalator steps. Question 39. What is the main role of the escalator skirt panel? A) Decorative function B) Structural support C) Prevent items and feet from entering the gap between steps and truss D) Increase speed Answer: C
Explanation: Skirt panels reduce the risk of entrapment between steps and the side wall. Question 40. How is the speed of an escalator typically limited for safety? A) Manual control B) Speed governor C) Step design D) Lighting Answer: B Explanation: Speed governors are used to ensure escalators do not exceed safe operating speeds. Question 41. What is the benefit of variable frequency drives (VFD) in elevator systems? A) Increase noise B) Enable precise motor speed control and energy savings C) Reduce safety D) Make doors heavier Answer: B
