Cloud Computing: Evolution, Technologies, and Service Models, Essays (university) of Abnormal Psychology

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Lecture 1

Introduction to Cloud

Computing

Cloud Application Development (SE808, School of Software, Sun Yat-Sen University) Yabo (Arber) Xu

Outline

 What is cloud computing?

 How it evolves?

 What are the underlying key technologies?

What is Cloud Computing?

5 people might have 8 answers! 

Widely distributed,

network based,

storage,

computation,

utility computing,

HaaS,

PaaS,

SaaS.

A Business-Oriented Definition

 Key Characteristic

• Universal Access
• Scalable Services
  • Infrastructure managing the scaling, not applications
  • Elasticity: Expenses only incurred when they are needed
• New Application Service Models
  • XaaS = X as a Service
  • Pay-as-you-go

Public Cloud #1: Amazon Amazon EC

• Elastic Cloud Computing
• virtual servers for rent,

called Amazon Machine

Images (AMIs)

• based on Xen
• priced on per hour from

$0.085 to $

Amazon S

• Simple Storage Service
• up to $0.18 per GB storage
• from $0.10 per GB transfer
• via

o REST

o SOAP

o BitTorrent

Public cloud #3: Microsoft Azure Services

• Released in Feb, 2010
• A cloud service operating system that supports the service development/ hosting/management environment

o .Net Services

o SQL Services

o Live Services

• Pricing

Cloud Services Taxonomy

IaaS Infrastructure as a Service PaaS Platform as a Service SaaS Software as a Service Flexibility of Offering Increasing Virtualization

How it evolves?

1. Web-scale problems
2. Large data centers
3. Different models of computing

Web-scale Problem

 Characteristics:

• Definitely data-intensive
• May also be processing intensive

 Examples:

• Crawling, indexing, searching, mining the Web
• “Post-genomics” life sciences research
• Other scientific data (physics, astronomers, etc.)
• Sensor networks
• Web 2.0 applications
• …

16 / 44 16 (Banko and Brill, ACL 2001) (Brants et al., EMNLP 2007)

Data  Inspiration

What to do with more data?

 Answering factoid questions

• Pattern matching on the Web
• Works amazingly well

 Learning relations

• Start with seed instances
• Search for patterns on the Web
• Using patterns to find more instances (Brill et al., TREC 2001; Lin, ACM TOIS 2007) (Agichtein and Gravano, DL 2000; Ravichandran and Hovy, ACL 2002; … ) Birthday-of(Mozart, 1756) Birthday-of(Einstein, 1879) Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756 - 1791) Einstein was born in 1879 PERSON (DATE – PERSON was born in DATE Who shot Abraham Lincoln? → X shot Abraham Lincoln

Introduction to Cloud Computing

A Sample Cloud Topology

Top of the Rack Switch Core Switch Servers Rack

Scale of Industry Datacenters

 Microsoft [NYTimes, 2008]

• 150,000 machines
• Growth rate of 10,000 per month
• Largest datacenter: 48,000 machines
• 80,000 total running Bing

 Yahoo! [Hadoop Summit, 2009]

• 25,000 machines
• Split into clusters of 4000

 AWS EC2 (Oct 2009)

• 40,000 machines
• 8 cores/machine

 Google

• (Rumored) several hundreds of thousands of machines