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Department of Pharmacy
Licensing Examination
Name___________________________________ I.D ___________________
Part I
1. A 62-year-old woman with a history of hypertension and hyperlipidemia presents to the hospital
with diffuse muscle pain, weakness, and dark urine. She has no history of autoimmune or renal
disease. Over the past month, she has had symptoms of cold intolerance, weight gain, and
constipation. Her medications include hydrochlorothiazide, simvastatin, and gemfibrozil. Urine
dipstick reveals 3+ blood; however, there are no red blood cells on microscopic analysis. Some of
the other laboratory values are shown below.
Creatinine 2.3 mg/dL Creatine kinase 34,000 U/L TSH 8.0 μU/mL
Which of the following is the most likely cause of her presentation?
Hashimoto thyroiditis
(B) Pyelonephritis
(C) Polymyositis
(D) Medication effect
Note: Hashimotos Thyroiditis symptoms are constipation, hair loss, excessive sleep.
2. A 28-year-old woman frantically presents to the Emergency Department in the middle of the
night with chest discomfort that awoke her from sleep . She has experienced similar episodes a
few times before, always at night, but never as bad as this. She reports a history of migraines but
denies any other medical history, including heart disease. Her medications include NSAIDs as
needed and OCPs. She smokes a half pack of cigarettes a day but denies any alcohol or drug use.
She admits that she getsstressed outa lot but believes that overall she lives a healthy lifestyle.
Laboratory values show normal CK and troponin. An ECG shows ST elevations and she is taken
for coronary angiography that does not show any significant coronary occlusions.
What is the most appropriate treatment for this patient?
(A) Alprazolam
(B) Diltiazem
(C) Alteplase
(D) NSAIDs
(E) Reassurance
3. A 53-year-old man is hospitalized with pneumonia and is placed on a cardiac monitor. While in the
room, you notice that he is in normal sinus rhythm but has occasional wide complexes without any
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Department of Pharmacy Licensing Examination Name___________________________________ I.D ___________________ Part I

  1. A 62-year-old woman with a history of hypertension and hyperlipidemia presents to the hospital with diffuse muscle pain, weakness, and dark urine. She has no history of autoimmune or renal disease. Over the past month, she has had symptoms of cold intolerance, weight gain, and constipation. Her medications include hydrochlorothiazide, simvastatin, and gemfibrozil. Urine dipstick reveals 3+ blood; however, there are no red blood cells on microscopic analysis. Some of the other laboratory values are shown below. Creatinine 2.3 mg/dL Creatine kinase 34,000 U/L TSH 8.0 μU/mL Which of the following is the most likely cause of her presentation?  Hashimoto thyroiditis (B) Pyelonephritis (C) Polymyositis (D) Medication effect Note: Hashimotos Thyroiditis symptoms are constipation, hair loss, excessive sleep.
  2. A 28-year-old woman frantically presents to the Emergency Department in the middle of the night with chest discomfort that awoke her from sleep. She has experienced similar episodes a few times before, always at night, but never as bad as this. She reports a history of migraines but denies any other medical history, including heart disease. Her medications include NSAIDs as needed and OCPs. She smokes a half pack of cigarettes a day but denies any alcohol or drug use. She admits that she gets “stressed out” a lot but believes that overall she lives a healthy lifestyle. Laboratory values show normal CK and troponin. An ECG shows ST elevations and she is taken for coronary angiography that does not show any significant coronary occlusions. What is the most appropriate treatment for this patient? (A) Alprazolam (B) Diltiazem (C) Alteplase (D) NSAIDs (E) Reassurance
  3. A 53-year-old man is hospitalized with pneumonia and is placed on a cardiac monitor. While in the room, you notice that he is in normal sinus rhythm but has occasional wide complexes without any

pattern or relationship to the cardiac cycle. They occur several times per minute. The patient states that every once in awhile he feels like his heart skips a beat. He has no history of heart disease or sudden death in the family, and his vitals are normal. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step in management? (A) Catheter ablation of the ectopic focus (B) Administer metoprolol (C) Administer propafenone (D) Avoidance of caffeine and other stimulants Note : heart skipped means suddenly skipped a beat /heart palpation /beating too hard and drug used for heart skips a beat is metoprolol, propranolol and atenolol but propafenone is used to treat patients who have irregular heartbeats.

  1. A 56-year-old man was recently hospitalized for an acute myocardial infarction. He was treated appropriately and had no complications during his hospitalization. After discharge, he follows up regularly in your clinic. Several months after his hospitalization, he comes to clinic for a regular visit with no complaints, stating that he is tolerating his new medications well. As he begins to leave, he mentions problems during intercourse with his wife and asks if he could have a prescription for sildenafil. A further history is obtained, and he reports that he no longer has morning erections. Which of the following is most likely responsible for this complaint? (A) Lisinopril (B) Metoprolol (C) Amlodipine (D) Atorvastatin Calcium channel blocker such as Amlodipine, Diltiazem and verapamil cause erectile dysfunction,
  2. A 52-year-old woman presents to the hospital with a severe headache and nausea. She has no history of headaches and is concerned that she is having a stroke. Her medical history is significant for longstanding hypertension, diabetes, and GERD. She admits that she is not always compliant with her medications, and recently ran out of them. Her blood pressure is 193/ mmHg , and fundoscopic examination reveals papilledema. The rest of her physical examination, including a neurologic examination, is normal. What is the correct diagnosis and treatment? (A) Hypertensive urgency; gradual lowering of blood pressure with oral agents

with an irregularly irregular rhythm. There are no murmurs or extra heart sounds, and his lungs are clear to auscultation bilaterally. What is the most appropriate next step in management? Metformin associated Atrial Fibrillation (A) Repeat cardioversion (B) Aspirin (C) Warfarin (D) Amiodarone

  1. 55-year-old man presents to the hospital with progressive dyspnea over the course of the last few weeks. He denies fever, cough, or chest pain. He has no significant medical or family history, but endorses drinking two 750-mL bottles of wine daily. He is afebrile with a blood pressure of 139/ mmHg, heart rate of 98 beats per minute, and respiratory rate of 24 breaths per minute. The point of maximal impulse is displaced laterally, a 2/6 holo systolic murmur is heard at the apex, and an S3 is auscultated. There are crackles at the lung bases with pitting edema around the ankles. Which of the following is the most important intervention for this patient? (A) Low sodium diet (B) Cardiac glycoside (C) β-blocker (D) Alcohol cessation
  2. A 47-year-old man presents to the clinic complaining of leg swelling. He has a long history of hypertension and diabetes, with a recent change in his medications, although he cannot remember the names of the new drugs. He has no other complaints, and he denies any shortness of breath or orthopnea. His physical examination, other than bilateral edema of the lower extremities, is completely normal. Which medication is most likely responsible for the patient’s complaint? (A) Amlodipine (B) Metoprolol (C) Metformin (D) Glipizide
  3. A 68-year-old woman is hospitalized for an acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). She responds well to treatment and is discharged. At her follow-up appointment, she states that she has been compliant with treatment but has had 2 acute exacerbations in the last 9 months. In addition to COPD, her medical history is significant for hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and atrial fibrillation. She takes hydrochlorothiazide, simvastatin, diltiazem, and salmeterol. She also takes inhaled albuterol and ipratropium as needed. She does

not smoke, is up to date with the appropriate vaccinations, and is undergoing pulmonary rehabilitation. Her vitals are taken: blood pressure 132/86 mmHg, heart rate 87 beats per minute, respiratory rate 16 breaths per minute, and oxygen saturation 94% on room air. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step in management? (A) Add theophylline (B ) Add inhaled fluticasone (C) Add oral prednisone (D) Start home oxygen therapy

  1. An older man with a history of COPD complains of worsening dyspnea and exercise intolerance, even after smoking cessation and an evidence-based pharmacologic regimen. The physician discusses the possibility of adding theophylline to the patient’s chronic regimen. What potential adverse reaction should the patient is counseled about before starting this medication? (A) Bradycardia (B) Pulmonary fibrosis (C) Hypocalcemia (D) Seizure
  2. A 24-year-old woman with a history of asthma complains of worsening chest tightness and cough. She currently has an albuterol inhaler that she uses as needed, but says that it does not help very much. She has no other medical problems and takes no other medications. The physical examination is unremarkable. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step in management? (A) Add an inhaled corticosteroid (B) Add an inhaled anticholinergic (C) Education about proper use of inhalers (D) Workup for a different diagnosis
  3. A 52-year-old man is hospitalized for an acute COPD exacerbation and agrees to treatment with 3 days of IV methylprednisolone followed by a taper of oral prednisone over 10 days. Which of the

(D) Furosemide intravenous

  1. A 66-year-old woman presents to her physician for her annual examination. Her medical history is significant for hypertension and osteopenia. She is compliant with her medications and takes benazepril and a daily multivitamin with high calcium and vitamin D. She does not smoke and does weight-bearing exercises 4 times weekly. She denies any falls or previous fractures. On examination, her blood pressure is 164/94 mmHg and her heart rate is 89 beats per minute. Which medication should be added to her current regimen? (A) Hydrochlorothiazide (B) Furosemide (C) Metoprolol (D) Alendronate
  2. A 28-year-old IV drug user presents to the hospital with shortness of breath. The murmur of tricuspid regurgitation is heard on cardiac auscultation, and a chest x-ray shows multiple opacities in both lungs. An echocardiogram confirms endocarditis, and the patient is started on empiric vancomycin and gentamicin while blood cultures are pending. Two days later, the following results are seen on her laboratory tests. GFR< Blood urea nitrogen 28 mg/dL Creatinine 1.8 mg/dL (baseline 0.9 mg/dL) Urinalysis Pigmented granular casts Which of the following should be done next? (A) IV fluids ( B) Temporary hemodialysis (C) Stop gentamicin (D) Stop vancomycin
  3. A middle-aged woman is diagnosed with hypertension and counseled about starting an antihypertensive medication. The patient agrees to start hydrochlorothiazide, but wants to know about potential side effects that she might experience. Which of the following is a potential adverse effect of this medication? (A) Hyperkalemia (B) Hypercholesterolemia (C) Hypoglycemia (D) Hypocalcemi
  1. A 62-year-old man with a history of hypertension, well-controlled diabetes, and coronary artery disease presents with shortness of breath. A history is obtained, with pertinent positives including orthopnea and leg swelling. His blood pressure is 146/94 mmHg with a heart rate of 84 beats per minute. The patient has an S3 on cardiac auscultation, bilateral rales are heard along the lung bases, and there is pitting edema around the ankles. Laboratory tests are ordered, which show a creatinine of 2.4 mg/dL (baseline 1.0 mg/dL). What is the next step in managing this patient’s renal failure? (A) IV fluids (B) Give ketorolac to increase the GFR (C) Systemic corticosteroids (D) IV furosemide
  2. A 41-year-old woman is placed on enalapril to treat her hypertension. She has no significant medical history and is otherwise healthy. She has her laboratory samples drawn 5 days later, which show serum potassium of 4.2 mEq/L, a BUN of 13 mg/dL, and a creatinine of 1.1 mg/dL (baseline 0.9 mg/dL). A urinalysis is normal. What should be done next in the management of this patient? (A) Continue the current medication (B) Discontinue enalapril and start hydrochlorothiazide (C) Discontinue enalapril and start losartan (D) Add hydrochlorothiazide
  3. A 39-year-old woman presents with epigastric pain that has radiated to her back for the last 8 hours. She endorses nausea and vomiting. Her past medical history is significant for hyperlipidemi a; however, she does not take any medications other than a multivitamin. She denies alcohol or drug use. On examination, the patient is slightly febrile at 38.4°C, with a blood pressure of 114/83 mmHg, a heart rate of 98 beats per minute, and a respiratory rate of 22 breaths per minute. The patient has decreased bowel sounds and guarding in the midepigastrium. Which of the following results is the most specific finding in this condition? (A) Elevated amylase

Which of the following is likely the cause of his underlying disorder? (A) Drug toxicity (B) Malignancy (C) Autoimmune disorder (D) Viral infection

  1. A 52-year-old woman presents with confusion that has worsened over the past week. Her partner reports that she has also noticed yellowing of the skin. Further history reveals that the patient has been taking a significant amount of over-the-counter pain medications due to diffuse joint pain. The patient drinks three glasses of wine per night and reports no illicit drug use. Physical examination is significant for tenderness to palpation in the right upper quadrant and hepatomegaly. Laboratory results reveal the following. Total bilirubin ……………………………..7.1 mg/dL Direct bilirubin ………………………………4.2 mg/dL Aspartate aminotransferase ………………. 5,424 U/L Alanine aminotransferase ………………… 6,934 U/L Alkaline phosphatase ……………………… 120 U/L Prothrombin time ……………………………. 31 s Partial thromboplastin time ………………… 44 s INR …………………………………………….1. What is the most likely underlying diagnosis? (A) Drug-induced acute liver failure (B) Acute alcoholic hepatitis (C) Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (D) Chronic viral hepatitis
  2. A 27-year-old medical student who recently (3 weeks ago) began a 6-month treatment of isoniazid for latent tuberculosis after a positive purified protein derivative (PPD) test presents for follow-up.

He has no complaints and reports refraining entirely from alcohol use. Physical examination is unremarkable and laboratory results reveal the following: Total bilirubin………………………. 0.7 mg/dL Direct bilirubin ……………................0.3 mg/dL Aspartate aminotransferase …………72 U/L Alanine aminotransferase ……………93 U/L Alkaline phosphatase ………………..51 U/L Which of the following is the next best step in management of this patient? (A) Continue current treatment regimen (B) Replace isoniazid with ethambutol (C) Liver biopsy is important (D) Discontinue current medications

  1. A 58-year-old male is being treated for Pseudomonas nosocomial pneumonia with cefepime. His symptoms improve, but 1 week later he develops fever and diarrhea with several loose non bloody stools per day. Given the likely diagnosis in this scenario, what is the treatment of choice? (A) Ciprofloxacin (B) Clindamycin (C) Imipenem (D) Metronidazole
    1. A 24-year-old woman presents with a history of diarrhea. She reports returning 2 months ago from a church-affiliated hiking trip. Since returning, she has developed diarrhea, abdominal pain, and increased flatulence. Of note, she just finished taking one of her friend’s ciprofloxacin for 7 days without any improvement. Which of the following antibiotics should be prescribed to this patient? (A) Ampicillin (B) Metronidazole (C) Ceftriaxone (D) Doxycycline

Which of the following should be administered to reduce the progression of this patient’s underlying renal condition? (A) Sulfonylurea (B) Lisinopril (C) Atorvastatin (D) Aspirin

  1. A 54-year-old obese woman with a history of type 2 diabetes mellitus presents to the physician for her annual visit. She currently takes metformin and a multivitamin. She reports being compliant with her medication; however, she has noticed that her blood sugar levels have consistently been in the high 200s to 300s for the last month. Laboratory results reveal fasting blood glucose of 172 mg/dL and an HbA1c of 8.3%. The physician informs her that a second agent will need to be prescribed for her diabetes. The patient requests an antidiabetic medication that will help her lose weight as well as control her blood sugars. Which of the following medications should be added to the patient’s current regimen? (A) Glipizide (B) Exenatide (C) Insulin (D) Pioglitazone
  2. A 24-year-old woman presents with labored breathing and abdominal pain. She endorses polydipsia and polyuria. She has a blood pressure of 130/90 mmHg, her pulse is 120 beats per minute, and her respiratory rate is 24 breaths per minute. Laboratory results reveal the following. Sodium 134 mEq/L Potassium 3.9 mEq/L Chloride 94 mEq/L Bicarbonate 16 mEq/L Creatinine 1.0 mg/dL Glucose 880 mg/dL She is treated with intravenous insulin and isotonic saline solution. Two hours later her serum glucose concentration is 410 mg/dL with ample urine output.

Which of the following is the most appropriate next step? (A) Add glucose to the IV solution (B) Add potassium to the IV solution (C) Initiate treatment with intermediate-acting insulin (D) Discontinue isotonic saline solution and begin hypotonic saline solution

  1. A 65-year-old man is brought into the Emergency Department by his daughter, who reports that he is fatigued and short of breath. Several days ago he developed a fever with a productive cough, which has now progressed to dyspnea at rest. On examination, the patient’s temperature is 38.6°C, his blood pressure is 74/42 mmHg, his heart rate is 96 beats per minute, his respiratory rate is 24 breaths per minute, and his oxygen saturation is 94% on room air. He is lethargic, his neck veins are flat, and his extremities are warm and moist. There is dullness to percussion and decreased breath sounds over the right lung base. Serum blood work shows an elevated lactate. What is the correct diagnosis? (A) Cardiogenic shock (B) Sepsis (C) Severe sepsis (D) Septic shock
  2. A 33-year-old woman presents with a chief complaint of abdominal pain. The pain is epigastric and is worse with meals. It is associated with nausea, a burning sensation, and bloating. She denies any weight loss, vomiting, and bloody or dark stools. She has no other medical problems and takes no medications. She denies recent NSAID use or heavy alcohol consumption. An upper endoscopy is performed, which shows several gastric ulcers and one duodenal ulcer. Biopsy confirms infection with Helicobacter pylori. What is the most appropriate treatment at this time? (A) Amoxicillin, metronidazole, and bismuth (B) Amoxicillin, clarithromycin, and omeprazole (C) Lansoprazole, bismuth, metronidazole, and tetracycline (D) Symptomatic treatment with antacids
  3. A 23-year-old man with a history of cystic fibrosis presents to the Emergency Department in respiratory failure. He is found to be febrile with leukocytosis and infiltrates on chest x-ray. Sputum

positive with a CD4 count of 290/mm3 and he is started on antiretroviral therapy. Two weeks later, the patient follows up and reports feeling worse, with increased dyspnea. A repeat chest x- ray shows radiologic worsening of the prior pneumonia. A complete workup for a new source of infection is negative. Which of the following diagnoses should be considered? (A) Allergic reaction to antiretrovirals (B) Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (C) Secondary bacterial pneumonia (D) Rifampin toxicity

  1. A 32-year-old woman presents to her physician complaining of a productive cough for the past 2 weeks. She has not felt well and describes frequent production of yellow or green sputum. Her temperature is 37.5°C with a heart rate of 86 beats per minute and a respiratory rate of 18 breaths per minute. There are some scattered wheezes and rhonchi on auscultation of the lungs that clear with coughing, with no rales or dullness to percussion. What is the most appropriate next step in management? (A) Ampicillin-sulbactam (B) Albuterol inhaler as needed (C) Sputum cultures order (D) Education and symptom management
  2. A 33-year-old woman receives oral antibiotics to treat a mild UTI. She goes on a run, and feels a “pop” above her heel that is associated with severe pain. She has pain and difficulty with plantarflexion of the affected foot. Which of the following antibiotics is most likely responsible? (A) Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (B) Metronidazole (C) Ciprofloxacin (D) Azithromy
  1. A 62-year-old man presents with fever, headache, and nuchal rigidity. His mental status is intact, and he has not experienced any seizures. He is admitted to the hospital with a presumptive diagnosis of meningitis, and a lumbar puncture is performed and shows slightly cloudy CSF without significant blood or xanthochromia. Screening blood laboratory values and CSF studies are pending. What antibiotics should be started at this time? (A) Ceftriaxone, vancomycin, and acyclovir (B) Ceftriaxone, vancomycin, and ampicillin (C) Ceftriaxone, vancomycin, and dexamethasone (D) Ceftazidime, vancomycin, ampicillin, and acyclovir
  2. 36-year-old woman presents to her physician worried that she is pregnant. She is married and has been sexually active with her husband, and they normally use condoms for contraception. However, his condom broke during intercourse and she is now worried that she will become pregnant. She has urine studies performed, which show a negative pregnancy test and growth of E. coli from a clean- catch specimen. Two weeks later, she follows up for repeat testing, which give the same results. She denies any fevers, chills, flank pain, dysuria, hematuria, urgency, or frequency. What should be done next in the management of this patient? (A) IV ceftriaxone (B) Oral ciprofloxacin (C) Measurement of serum hCG (D) Reassurance
  3. A 32-year-old man comes to the hospital complaining of fever, shortness of breath, and a productive cough that has developed slowly over the past week. He has no other medical history and does not take any medications. His temperature is 38.5°C, blood pressure is 122/78 mmHg, heart rate is 68 beats per minute, respiratory rate is 18 breaths per minute, and oxygen saturation is 98% on room air. There are decreased breath sounds and dullness to percussion over the right lung base. The rest of the physical examination, including cardiac auscultation, is normal. A chest x-ray confirms consolidation of the right lower lobe. What is the most appropriate course of action for this patient?

Platelets …………………..290,000/mm What is the explanation of this patient’s laboratory abnormalities? (A) Hypoxemia-induced increase in erythropoietin (B) Myeloproliferative disorder causing myeloid cell clonal proliferation (C) A compensatory mechanism for acute blood loss (D) Cobalamin deficiency

  1. A 37-year-old man with a history of Crohn disease presents with several months of worsening fatigue. The patient reports 1 to 2 glasses of wine per night with dinner, but denies smoking or illicit drug use. Physical examination shows conjunctival pallor. Laboratory results reveal the following. Leukocyte count ……………………..5,100/mm Hemoglobin …………………………8.2 g/dL MCV…………………………………. 110 fL Platelets ……………………………….190,000/mm The patient is started on folic acid and 4 weeks later presents with a hemoglobin level of 10. mg/dL. However, he reports a new “pins and needles” sensation in his distal toes and fingers. Which of the following is the underlying cause of the patient’s CURRENT symptoms? (A) Inadequate treatment with folic acid (B) Iron deficiency (C) Glucose intolerance (D) Vitamin B12 deficiency
  2. A 22-year-old woman with a history of epilepsy presents for follow-up. Other than mild fatigue, which she attributes to stress, she has no complaints. The patient has been seizure-free since initiating phenytoin therapy 3 years ago. Of note, the patient was noted to have latent tuberculosis infection after a positive PPD and has been taking isoniazid for the past 5 months. Physical examination is unremarkable. Laboratory results reveal the following. Leukocyte count …………………..9, 100/mm Hemoglobin………………………… 10.5 g/dL Mean corpuscular volume …………104 fL

Platelets ……………………………..210,000/mm Which underlying mechanism likely explains the laboratory findings? (A) Impaired absorption of folic acid (B) Autoimmune destruction of parietal cells (C) Excessive bleeding during menstrual cycle (D) Isoniazid depletion of vitamin B

  1. A 31-year-old man presents with progressive dyspnea with exertion, dry cough, and fatigue. He started chemotherapy 2 months previously for advanced testicular cancer. The patient reports that his symptoms have worsened since starting chemotherapy. Physical examination reveals fine inspiratory crackles at the lung bases on auscultation. A high-resolution CT is ordered which shows extensive fibrosis. Which chemotherapeutic agent is the likely cause of this patient’s symptoms? (A) Cyclophosphamide (B) Bleomycin (C) Cisplatin (D) Vincristin
  2. A 33-year-old woman presents with a severe headache that began 5 hours ago. The patient reports that the headache is unilateral on the left side and endorses nausea, an episode of vomiting, and photophobia. Neurologic examination reveals normal muscle strength and no sensory loss. What is the best next step in the management of this patient? (A) Propranolol (B) Amitriptyline (C) Chlorpromazine (D) Verapamil
  3. A 53-year-old man presents to the hospital accompanied by police officers. He was found walking in the middle of a very busy highway. When asked for his name, age, time, and place, his responses are unintelligible. He has a blood pressure of 154/92 mmHg and a heart rate of 94 beats dilated pupils that are reactive to light. The patient is noted to have an ataxic broad-based gait. Which of the following is the best initial treatment for this patient? (A) Haloperidol (B) Naloxone