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NHP EXAM 2 Questions and Answer Elaborations
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You and your colleagues Implemented a parental feeding practices class within your community clinic for all new parents. The program is in place for three years now. During this time you've been collecting and analyzing data for infant and toddlers weight status to determine if there are any changes within the community clinic pediatric population. This is a form of nutrition Surveillance Assessment Screening Monitoring MONITORING The Food and Drug Administration regulates the Percent alcohol in wine Pesticide levels in foods Advertising and marketing of foods Food Label FOOD LABEL Do you want to find information on fruit and vegetable consumption of the adult population within the US. Where would be the best place to find this data? County Health Rankings YRBSS BRFSS NHANES NHANES Which survey uses clinical, anthropometric, biochemical, and dietary data to assess the nutrition status of Americans? American Epidemiological Survey Ten-State Nutrition Survey National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys Nationwide Food Consumption Survey NATIONAL HEALTH & NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEYS Which of the following is a food specific behavior that is most appropriate for the public in applying the dietary guidelines: focus on meeting food groups needs with nutrient dense foods and beverages, and stay within calorie limits?
Eat fresh fruit with each meal Replace white bread with brown bread Eat fewer white foods Focus on green vegetables EAT FRESH FRUIT WITH EACH MEAL If you wanted to find data at the state level about knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors related to nutrition in risk of disease, which surveillance data would be best to use? Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) Total Diet Study Diet and Health Knowledge Survey National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) BEHAVIORAL RISK FACTOR SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM (BRFSS) What agency is responsible for establishing the Dietary Reference intakes? Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) National Academy of Medicine (formerly Institute of medicine) US Department of Agriculture (USDA) centers of Disease Control and prevention (CDC) NATIONAL ACADEMY OF MEDICINE (FORMERLY INSTITUTE OF MEDICINE) You own a nutrient analysis and menu planning consulting business. You have a new client, little peeps Pre-K daycare center that receives Federal funding through the CACFP to provide meals and snacks for the kids. Which tools would be best to use to guide your development of appropriate meals and snacks to share adequate required nutrients in meals and snacks? Use the dietary guidelines and DRI's for age group use NHANES average intakes for nutrients of concern and the nutrition facts panel of the foods kids like to eat Use MyPlate as a guide to assure that each food group is represented for each meal snack Compare nutrient analysis of typical meals and snacks to the UL's to assure nutrients do not exceed this USE DIETARY GUIDELINES AND DRI'S FOR AGE GROUP The current U.S. food guidance system is called ____ Basic Four Food Groups Food Guide Pyramid MyPyramid MyPlate MYPLATE
What are three maternal risk factors associated with low-birthweight babies? Cigarette smoking, poor nutrition, poor weight gain during pregnancy Cigarette smoking, alcohol intake, over exercising Poor protein intake, low folate intake, poor weight gain during pregnancy Low vitamin D status, low folate intake, iron deficiency anemia POOR PROTEIN INTAKE, LOW FOLATE INTAKE, POOR WEIGHT GAIN DURING PREGNANCY Many young women who attend the Teen Pregnancy Center for a local school district follow a vegetarian diet and have been told by the school nurse that they are anemic. What specific dietary advice would best help them to improve their iron status? Add a serving of red meat three times per week Add an extra glass of milk with each meal From a list provided, choose a high iron food source such as fortified cereal or beans to eat at each meal paired with a food high in vitamin C such as 100% orange juice or salsa Add a snack of apple slices with peanut butter each day FROM A LIST PROVIDED, CHOOSE A HIGH IRON FOOD SOURCE SUCH AS FORTIFIED CEREAL OR BEANS TO EAT AT EACH MEAL PAIRED WITH A FOOD HIGH IN VITAMIN C SUCH AS 100% OJ OR SALSA A key factor found to enhance nutritional intake and healthier body weight among children and adolescents Eating meals as a family Physical activity Genetics BMI assessment in school EATING MEALS AS A FAMILY Which group has the highest infant mortality rates in the United States? Black, non-Hispanic American - Indian White, non-Hispanic Hispanic BLACK - NONHISPANIC
Which measurement can best confirm that growth is proceeding normally and or help detect protein energy malnutrition in infants? BMI Head circumference Height Weight HEAD CIRCUMFRANCE Which of these is the most prevalent nutritional problem in infancy? Vitamin B 12 deficiency Iron deficiency Vitamin A deficiency Food aversions IRON DEFICIENCY Which program provides congregate and home delivered meals? Adult care food program Older Americans nutrition program Senior farmers market nutrition program Supplemental nutrition assistance program OLDER AMERICANS NUTRITION PROGRAM For older adults with musculoskeletal disorder such as arthritis, what types of difficulties might you expect them to have that impact their ability to eat a healthy diet? decreased sensory perception in hands and memory loss resulting in poor decision making Difficulty opening packages and containers, holding pots, pans, dishware, and utensils The easily due to labored breathing and anemia of chronic disease Increased frequency of constipation from deceased intestinal motility DIFFICULTY OPENING PACKAGES AND CONTAINERS, HOLDING POTS, PANS, DISHWARE, AND UTENSILS Evaluation of the older Americans nutrition program documented which of the following benefits to participants. improved dietary intake Improved socialization Less food insecurity Better adherence to special diet A, B & C All of the above
The RDA for ____ and ____ increase with age vitamin A Vitamin B 12 Vitamin D Magnesium A and B B & C A, B & C B & C The optimal nutrition contributes to healthy aging, what percent of community living older adults suffer from malnutrition? Approximately 10% approximately 50% Approximately 6% Approximately 25% APPROXIMATELY 25% What component of nutrition assessment would be most important to assess to determine in an older adult is able to complete activities of daily living? anthropometric assessment Clinical and bio chemical assessment Functional assessment Social assessment FUNCTIONAL ASSESSMENT Which of the following is credited with the substantial decline in dental caries in children? decreased sugar consumption Fluoridation of public drinking water Elimination of lead-based house paint Increased availability of bottled water FLUORIDATION OF PUBLIC DRINKING WATER Childhood obesity is associated with _____ hyperinsulinemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and reduced HDI cholesterol hyperinsulinemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and elevated HDL cholesterol hyperinsulinemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and reduced HDL cholesterol hyperinsulinemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and elevated HDL cholesterol hyperinsulinemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and reduced HDI cholesterol
Overweight in children is defined as having a BMI___ on the CDC growth chart above the 15th but below the 25th percentile Above the 50th but below the 60th percentile Above the 85th but below the 95th percentile At or above the 95th percentile ABOVE 85TH BUT BELOW THE 95TH PERCENTILE Females account for about ____ of people with eating disorders 90% 75% 50% 25% 90% You are preparing a lesson plan for the young women who attend the teen pregnancy center for a local school district. Which of the following learning objectives would be most important to include for primary prevention of neural tube defect's and reduced risk to the fetus? participants will be able to stay at least three good food sources of folate and state the correct recommended amount of folate supplementation for pregnant women Participants will be able to state at least three good food sources of iron and the correct recommended amount of iron supplementation for pregnant women Participants will be able to state correctly the recommended amount of weight needed to gain above their pre-pregnancy weight. Participants will express a willingness to take a prenatal vitamin supplement daily participants will be able to stay at least three good food sources of folate and state the correct recommended amount of folate supplementation for pregnant women School lunch is provided as part of the national school lunch program must provide
1/3 of the DRI for vitamin potassium 1/4 of the DRI for protein 15% of calories or less from saturated fat 30% or less of calories from fat 30% OR LESS OF CALORIES FROM FAT
Sally is a mother of four young children, ages 3 to 9 she is divorced, and works for time at a minimum wage job. She participates in the supplemental nutrition assistance program, receiving the benefits electronically at the beginning of the month. What other programs can Sally and her children be eligible for? commodity supplemental food program Women, infants, and children program School breakfast program Meals on wheels program B and C All of the above B AND C What items can be purchased with benefits from the supplemental nutrition assistance program? vitamins Cleaning supplies Garden seeds Ready to eat hot foods GARDEN SEEDS Which of the following is a primary reason why people who are food insecure in the US may also be overweight or obese? they often spend limited food dollars on high calorie foods to maintain calories They eat less often which slows metabolism and leads to increased body fat stores They are less physically active overall compared to food secure people They prefer sugar sweetened beverages to low-calorie beverages THEY OFTEN SPEND LIMITED FOOD DOLLARS ON HIGH CALORIE FOODS TO MAINTAIN CALORIES Household's reporting no problems, or anxiety about, consistently accessing adequate foods would be considered _____ Low Food security High food security Marginal food security Very low food security HIGH FOOD SECURITY
Which of the following is an example of a question you might ask a client or patient to assess whether or not they have high or low food security? what do you eat in a typical day? How much money do you typically spend on food each month? How often do you drink 100% fruit or vegetable juice? In the past month, did you ever not eat because there was not enough food or money to buy food? IN THE PAST MONTH, DID YOU EVER NOT EAT BECAUSE THERE WAS NOT ENOUGH FOOD OR MONEY TO BUY FOOD A fifth grade student who comes from a household with an income less than 185% of the federal poverty guidelines and receives SNAP benefits would qualify for: commodity supplemental food program Head start program Women, infants and children program Free or reduced school lunch and breakfast programs FREE OR REDUCED SCHOOL LUNCH AND BREAKFAST PROGRAMS This serves as the basis for determining SNAP allowances and is a guide for obtaining a nutritious diet at lower cost. cost of commodity food plan Dietary guidelines for Americans Thrifty food plan My plate THRIFTY FOOD PLAN Examples of medically based risks in determining eligibility for participation in the special supplemental nutrition program for women, infants and children include all of the following except overweight Maternal age Anemia Underweight OVERWEIGHT
Immediate steps to community nutritionist may take to reduce obesity rates include
Discouraging Healthcare professionals from measuring and tracking their BMI of their patients writing to state legislators or members of Congress regarding upcoming obesity-related legislation decreasing Farm to school and farm to work programs implementing taxation policies at the locally-owned grocery store WRITING TO STATE LEGISLATOR OR MEMBERS OF CONGRESS REGARDING UPCOMING OBESITY-RELATED LEGISLATION In the context of Public Health, what is the main goal of obesity prevention programs? To maintain a stable weight and not increase body size over time to reduce the number of outpatient visits to physicians among people with overweight or obesity to lower insurance claims among people with obesity to lose weight over time TO MAINTAIN STABLE WIGHT AND NOT INCREASE BODY SIZE OVER TIME Which of the following obesity prevention stages is likely to have the greatest effect on the greatest number of people? worksite Lifestyle Classes awareness campaign about the negative health effects of sugary foods and beverages one on One Nutrition counseling policies that limit the sale and purchasing of high-fat and sugary foods and beverages POLICIES THAT LIMIT THE SAFE AND PURCHASING OF HIGH FAT AND SUGARY FOODS AND BEVERAGES One Potential problem with taxes on less nutritious foods is that: they may not appreciably alter food consumption down they might disproportionately affect high-income people they target manufacturers of food instead of consumers public opinion uniformly opposes these measures THEY MAY NOT APPRECIABLY ALTER FOOD CONSUMPTION DOWN Which region of the United States has the highest rate for obesity among adults? East Midwest South west SOUTH
Which environmental Factor has been linked to more physical activity and children? Poverty Television Urban friendship Dynamics FRIENDSHIP DYNAMICS
