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True/False According to the NERC Functional Model, there is no difference between the function and the entity. A) True B) False - Correct Answer-B) False True/False Analysis type questions are designed to be the least complex from a human cognitive process. A) True B) False - Correct Answer-B) False True/False A Transmission Service Provider is an entity that both owns and operates transmission facilities on the Bulk Electric System. A) True B) False - Correct Answer-B) False True/False The NERC Functional Model is designed so that the functions of Generator Owner and Generator Operator can be performed by two different entities. A) True B) False - Correct Answer-A) True How many forms of identification are required when taking the NERC System Operator Certification exam? A) 4 B) 9 C) 1 D) 2 - Correct Answer-
The NERC came into existence as a result of the Electric Power Reliability Act of what year? A) 1958 B) 2005 C) 1967 D) 1997 - Correct Answer- How many certification credentials does NERC have examinations for? A) 2 B) 4 C) 6 D) 3 - Correct Answer- Match the acronym with the appropriate organization. FERC North American Electric Reliability Corp NERC Florida Reliability Coordinating Council FRCC Reliability First RF Federal Energy Regulatory Commission - Correct Answer-1. FERC Federal Energy Regulatory Commission
- NERC North American Electric Reliability Corporation
- FRCC Florida Reliability Coordinating Council
- RF Reliability First True/False Balancing Authorities are responsible to ensure that transmission facilities are operated within the limits that are established by the Transmission Owners. - Correct Answer- False The first power pool in the industry was created in 1927 and was known as which of the following? - Correct Answer-Pennsylvania-New Jersey Interconnection How many Interconnections are there in North America? A) 4 B) 6 C) 2 D) 8 - Correct Answer-A) 4
A) Comparing how well a Transmission Operator's ACE performs in conjunction with the Frequency Error of the Interconnection B) Comparing how well a Balancing Area's ACE performs in conjunction with the Frequency Error of the Interconnection C) Comparing how well a Balancing Authority's' ACE performs in conjunction with the Frequency Error of the Interconnection D) Comparing how well ACE performs in conjunction with the Frequency Error of the Interconnection - Correct Answer-B) Comparing how well a Balancing Area's ACE performs in conjunction with the Frequency Error of the Interconnection In the ACE equation β represents which of the following? A) Frequency Bias B) Frequency C) MW D) Scheduled Interval - Correct Answer-A) β is the Frequency Bias Setting (MW/0.1 Hz) for the Balancing Authority. The constant factor 10 converts the frequency setting to MW/Hz Each Balancing Authority is required to balance its resources and demand in real‐time so that its clock‐minute average of its Area Control Error (ACE) does not exceed its BAAL for more than how long? A) 15 clock minutes B) 30 minutes C) 25 consecutive clock minutes D) 30 consecutive clock minutes - Correct Answer-D) 30 consecutive clock minutes (NIA - NIS) - 10 β (FA - FS) - IME is the formula for the __________ equation? - Correct Answer-ACE (Area Control Error) Equation The Contingency Event Recovery Period is _______ minutes. A) 30 mins
B) 60 mins C) 90 mins D) 15 mins - Correct Answer-D) 15 Each Balancing Area or Reserve Sharing Group must review it's Contingencies on at least a/an __________ basis. A) Semi Annually B) Annually C) Weekly D) Monthly - Correct Answer-B) Annually A BA or RSG has how long to replace its Contingency Reserves? A) 60 mins B) 30 mins C) 90 mins D) 15 mins - Correct Answer-C) 90 mins The reporting threshold for a DCS event is ______ % of the MSSC. A) 50% B) 80% C) 75% D) 20% - Correct Answer-B) 80% If you have a DCS event and 40 seconds later you have another event and the total amount exceeds your MSSC, how is the compliance calculation handled? A) They are treated as a single event and reported but not subject to the compliance calculation B) They are treated as different events and reported but not subject to the compliance calculation
B) 3
C) 5
D) 6 - Correct Answer-A) 2 Who can serve as an Interconnection Time Monitor? - Correct Answer-Only Reliability Coordinators BAs use ______ to automatically direct the loading of regulating reserves on their system. - Correct Answer-AGC (Automatic Generation Control) The MSSC for your BA is 650 MW. Your reporting threshold is > 520 MW. (650 x 80%). What is the percent of recovery for the following situation? Loss of a 575 MW unit Pre-disturbance Ace = 150 MW Post-recovery Ace = 10 MW - Correct Answer-+150 + (-575) = - -425 + (x) = 10, x= 435 435/425= 100% The MSSC for your BA is 650 MW. Your reporting threshold is >/equal to 520 MW. ( x 80%) What is the percent of recovery for the following situation? Loss of a 600 MW unit Pre-disturbance Ace = 150 MW Post-recovery Ace = -50MW - Correct Answer-+150 + (-600) = - -450 + (x) = -50, x= 400 400/450= 89% Units with nameplate ratings of 10 MW or greater should be equipped with governors which have a droop of ______% - Correct Answer-5%, All of the reasons listed below can be a cause of inadvertent accumulation except - Correct Answer-Market response Each Balancing Area shall operate its AGC on ______, unless such operation is adverse to system or Interconnection reliability. - Correct Answer-Tie-Line Frequency Bias
If a BA is unable to calculate ACE for more than _________ it shall notify its RC - Correct Answer-30 minutes As a minimum, the BA must provide its System Operators with real-time values for all of the following except ______ with each adjacent BA. - Correct Answer-MVAR flows Your BA has a Net Scheduled Interchange of 500 MW and your Actual Interchange is 750MW. The frequency bias setting for your BA is -45 MW/0.10 Hz. The actual frequency is 60.02 HZ. What is your ACE? what is the formula? - Correct Answer- MW ACE= N(IA) - N(IS) - [10(B)[(F(a) - F(s)) - Ime The data scan rate for the ACE calculation has to occur at least every? A) 30 seconds B) 1 hour C) 6 seconds D) 30 mins - Correct Answer-6 seconds When a BA is participating in a inadvertent payback with another BA who has inadvertent in the opposite direction, they are doing what type of Inadvertent payback? A) Unilateral B) Bilateral C) Adjacent D) Cross - Correct Answer-Bilateral (two entities involved) Balancing Areas utilize AUTOMATIC GENERATION CONTROL (AGC) to_____? - Correct Answer-Adjust balancing authority area's demand and resources to help maintain the reporting ACE The MSSC for your BA is 650 MW. A defined disturbance for DCS reporting would be equal to how many MWs? - Correct Answer-520MW Defined disturbance for DCS- MSSC(80%) = 650(80%) = 520 What is the ACE based on the following information?
equipment, among affected Balancing Authorities and Transmission Operators as required except? - Correct Answer-Phase Angle Regulating Transformers Each Transmission Operator shall, when practical, operate to protect against instability, uncontrolled separation, or cascading outages resulting from multiple outages, as specified by its - Correct Answer-RC (Reliability Coordinator) Each Reliability Coordinator, Transmission Operator, and Balancing Authority shall monitor what? - Correct Answer-System Frequency What two pieces of information must each Reliability Coordinator, Transmission Operator, and Balancing Authority have available to predict the system's near-term load pattern? - Correct Answer-Weather forecasts and past load patterns You are in your control center on night shift. You receive an updated weather forecast for the operating day that indicates the weather is forecast to be 5 degrees hotter. What should you do? - Correct Answer-Review the load forecast to determine if any change in the load forecast is required and if the system is appropriately scheduled Each Reliability Coordinator, Transmission Operator, and Balancing Authority shall monitor all of the following except? - Correct Answer-Generator output (only Generator Operator can monitor Generator Output) Each Generator Operator shall inform its ___________________ and the Transmission Operator of all generation resources available for use. - Correct Answer-Hosting Balancing Authority Who must a Transmission Operator notify if it disconnects an overloaded facility? - Correct Answer-It's RC and Neighboring TOP's impacted by the disconnection. If the Reliability Coordinator has determined the actions taken to address an IROL (Interconnection operating limit) or SOL (System operating limit) violation are not appropriate or sufficient, what must it do? - Correct Answer-Direct actions required to return the system to within limits. After any event that results in an IROL violation, the Transmission Operator shall return its transmission system to within IROL as soon as possible, but not longer than _____ minutes. A) 15 mins B) 30 mins C) 45 mins
D) 10 mins - Correct Answer-B) 30 minutes A __________ shall take all appropriate actions up to and including shedding firm load, or directing the shedding of firm load, in order to return the system from an IROL or SOL? - Correct Answer-Transmission Operator If there is a difference in derived operating limits the Transmission Operators shall - Correct Answer-Operate to the most limiting parameter Each Transmission Operator shall acquire ______________ within its area to protect the voltage levels under normal and contingency conditions. - Correct Answer-sufficient reactive resources If a generator AVR (Automatic Voltage Regulator) is removed from service, what must the GOP do? - Correct Answer-Use alternative method to control voltage and reactive output How soon after removing an AVR from service must a GOP notify the TOP? - Correct Answer-As soon as practical, but less than 30 mins The Transmission Operator shall direct corrective action, including ________ necessary to prevent voltage collapse when reactive resources are insufficient. - Correct Answer- Load reduction (only result to this when resources are insufficient) Who shall know the status of all transmission reactive power resources, including the status of voltage regulators and power system stabilizers? A) Balancing Authorities B) Generator Operator C) Reliability Coordinator D) Transmission Operator - Correct Answer-D) Transmission Operator The Reliability Coordinator shall have _______ to act and to direct actions to be taken by Transmission Operators, Balancing Authorities, Generator Operators, Transmission Service Providers, Load-Serving Entities, and Purchasing-Selling Entities within its Reliability Coordinator Area to preserve the integrity and reliability of the Bulk Electric System. - Correct Answer-Clear decision making and authority. Each Reliability Coordinator shall know the current status of all critical facilities whose failure, degradation or disconnection could result in an - Correct Answer-SOL (System operating limit) &
D) 15% excursion for longer than 15 minutes - Correct Answer-B) 10% excursion for longer than 15 minutes How soon does a Transmission Operator have to update its restoration plan after identifying any unplanned permanent System modification? A) 30 days B) 45 days C) 90 days D) 15 days - Correct Answer-C) 90 days Each Transmission Operator and Balancing Authority shall verify the restoration procedure by - Correct Answer-Testing A _________experiencing a reportable incident as detailed by the NERC or DOE reporting procedures shall provide a preliminary written report to its Regional Reliability Organization and NERC/DOE. A) Generator Operator B) Load Serving Entity C) Reliability Coordinator D) All of the above - Correct Answer-D) All of the above Each Reliability Coordinator shall be aware of the restoration plan of each Transmission Operator in its Reliability Coordinator Area in accordance with ____________requirements. - Correct Answer-NERC and Regional Each Reliability Coordinator, Balancing Authority, and Transmission Operator, shall review and approve its Operating Plan for backup functionality on what interval? - Correct Answer-Annually The plan for the Loss of Control Center Functionality shall include procedures and responsibilities for compliance with - Correct Answer-Reliability Standards What is the time limit for the transition period between loss of primary control center functionality and time to fully implement backup functionality? A) Three hours
B) Two hours C) Five hours D) One hours - Correct Answer-B) Two hours During an EEA 1, which of the following best describes what the deficient entity is attempting to do? - Correct Answer-Increase its generation supply. Why should a Balancing Authority not unilaterally adjust generation in an attempt to return Interconnection frequency to normal beyond that supplied through frequency bias action and Interchange Schedule changes? - Correct Answer-Such unilateral adjustment may overload transmission facilities. Each Transmission Operator and Balancing Authority shall develop, maintain, and implement a set of plans to mitigate operating emergencies for which of the following? A) For insufficient generating capacity B) For transmission emergencies C) For load shedding D) For all of the above - Correct Answer-D) For all of the above Who can declare an Energy Emergency Alert? - Correct Answer-The deficient Balancing Authority's Reliability Coordinator At a minimum Balancing Authorities shall have operating agreements with _____________ that shall, contain provisions for emergency assistance, including provisions to obtain emergency assistance from - Correct Answer-Adjacent Balancing Authorities & Remote Balancing Authorities If an interchange transaction started the hour at 100 MW and at 30 minutes past the hour it is reduced to 50 MW, what is the hourly integration for the hour? - Correct Answer-75 MWhr Select ALL of the following that are part of the interchange process: - Correct Answer- Interchange Coordinator, Purchasing Selling Entity, Transmission Service Provider, Balancing Authority The ________ is responsible for the confirmation and implementation of schedules. - Correct Answer-Balancing Authority
All of the following except ______ that owns a transmission protection system shall analyze all protection system mis-operations and shall take corrective actions to avoid future mis-operations? - Correct Answer-Load Serving Entity When an assessment of the UVLS is required, which of the following must be included?
- Correct Answer-Simulations that demonstrate that the UVLS programs performance is consistent with Reliability Standards The Transmission Owner, Generator Owner and __________ that owns a transmission protection system shall have a transmission protection system maintenance and testing program in place. - Correct Answer-Distribution Provider The Transmission Owner, Generator Owner, and Distribution Provider that owns an RAS/SPS shall analyze its RAS/SPS operations and maintain a record of all ___________ in accordance with the Regional RAS/SPS review procedure. - Correct Answer-Mis-operations If you own or operate an UVLS Scheme you must conduct and document an assessment of the effectiveness of the UVLS program how often? - Correct Answer- Every 5 years or as required by changes in system conditions The Transmission Owner, Generator Owner, and Distribution Provider that owns an RAS/SPS shall have a system maintenance and testing program(s) in place. The program(s) shall include which of the following? A) Maintain a list B) Provide data for existing and proposed RAS/SPs C) Shall have evidence it reviewed new or functionally modified RAS/SPSs prior to being placed in service. D) All of the above - Correct Answer-All of the above The ___________ and Distribution Provider with a UFLS program (as required by its Regional Reliability Organization) shall have a UFLS equipment maintenance and testing program in place. - Correct Answer-Transmission Owner The Transmission Owner and Distribution Provider that owns a UVLS system shall have a UVLS equipment maintenance and testing program in place. This program shall include which of the following? A) Relays B) Instrument transformers
C) Communications systems, where appropriate D) Batteries - Correct Answer-All of the above The Transmission Owner, Generator Owner, and __________ that owns an RAS/SPS shall maintain a list of and provide data for existing and proposed RAS/SPSs. - Correct Answer-Distribution Provider Select all the barriers to communications that were identified - Correct Answer- Workload, Terminology, Communications Timing, Distractions You are a Balancing Authority Operator and provide the following operating instructions to a Plant Operator in the Simpson generating plant control room. "I would like you to bring the Simpson generator #3 to 115 MW and adjust the Simpson generator #2 MVAR to 15". The Plant Operator responds with, "I understand that you would like me to bring the Simpson generator #3 to 115 MW and adjust the Simpson generator #2 MVAR to 15". What would then be your appropriate response? - Correct Answer-"That is correct" You are a Transmission Operator and provide the following operating instructions to a Switchman in the field. "I would like you to open circuit breaker 35 at Adams Station to isolate transformer 226 from the low side bus." The Switchman responds with, "I understand that you would like me to open circuit breaker 325 at Atoms Station to isolate transformer 226 from the low side bus". What would then be your appropriate response? - Correct Answer-"That is not correct. I would like you to open circuit breaker 35 at Alpha Delta Alpha Mike Saturn Station to isolate transformer 226 from the low side bus.". Based on the information provided in the module, communications are NOT critical to the operation of the electric power system. - Correct Answer-False BA, RC, and TOPs are required to assess adherence to their documented communications protocols for issuing and receiving Operating Instructions on what interval? - Correct Answer-Once every 12 months (annually) Which of the following statements is true about 3-part communications? - Correct Answer-Its goal is to ensure mutual understanding between two or more people. If a Transmission Operator is unsuccessful when testing its Alternative Interpersonal Communication capability, it shall initiate action to repair or designate a replacement within what time frame? - Correct Answer-2 hours The NERC Standards require that the Reliability Coordinator must have Interpersonal Communication capabilities with all of the following EXCEPT: - Correct Answer- Balancing Authorities in the Interconnection
