Neuroscience study notes imaging, Summaries of Neuroscience

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Medical Neuroscience Coursera Thioine-stained Stain the rough ER

Fundamental neuroscience for neuroimaging Structural neuroanatomy of the human brain

Below questions were answered correctly

fMRI: taking measurement from every single voxel in our volume and looking at that bulk response within that voxel over time. Time series obtained from every single voxel, compare the time series of on vs off conditions of experimental task Figure tapping experiment, compare period of tapping with periods of rest, look at the time series activation of the BOLD signal

Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

In what way are magnetic resonance spectroscopy and task based

functional magnetic resonance imaging complementary techniques?

Participation is optional The task-based functional magnetic resonance imaging (task-based fMRI) can be used to identify critical brain regions involved/activated in the participants when engaging in an external task. This technique allows us to have an overview about what brain structure is involved. To gain a deeper analysis, for example, to identify the signalling molecules that might play in role in activating that brain area e.g a specific seed region, or the compounds that two brain regions/neurons in different groups of voxels were using to communicate with each other, the Magnetic resonance spectroscopy is a way to achieve this in depth analysis. This technique can be used to quantify the metabolites in a specific brain region.

Diffusion Tensor Imaging

In what way are resting state functional connectivity imaging and diffusion

tensor imaging complementary techniques?

Participation is optional Diffusion tensor imaging can give structural information about the brain at the resting state, for example, the different brain regions that are connected by white matter tracts like showing the bundles of corpus callosm connecting two cerebral hemispheres. This gives information about the white matter the axons in the brain. The resting state functional connectivity imaging gives information about the localized activity of different brain regions in resting state, focusing on gray matter? (e.g the default node network) to see which groups of neurons are firing in synchrony. (other’s answers: MRS helps in identifying the health of the brain tissues in terms of metabolites. It gives information on absence and presence of metabolites and its implications. For instance, NAA is a metabolite that shows neuronal growth. Any decrease in NAA indicates white matter diseases. fMRI indicates which regions of the brain are active while doing a specific tasks. This helps in understanding deficits of these brain regions and its behavioral manifestation. MRS and fMRI are extensions of MRI and they complement each other. MRS checks whether the brain is healthy in terms of presence or decrease of metabolites. fMRI complements in understanding whether how well the brain functions with respect to a specific tasks. So it gives information on brain health and how specific brain regions function in a healthy manner. Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) and task-based functional MRI (fMRI) are complementary because MRS measures the chemical and metabolic composition of brain tissue, while task-based fMRI measures changes in blood oxygenation related to neural activity. Together, they link the brain’s biochemistry with its functional activation during tasks. Functional magnetic resonance imaging can be used to spatially delineate the areas of the brain involved in a given task. By then carrying out magnetic resonance spectroscopy in the delineated voxels involved in the task, the metabolites and chemicals relevant to the task can be identified. By thus using these imaging techniques in tandem, the biochemical mechanism underlying the task of interest can be described.) (others’ answer Resting-state functional connectivity (rs-fcMRI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) are complementary because rs-fcMRI reveals functional correlations and networks between brain regions, while DTI provides information about the underlying structural connections (white matter tracts) that support these networks. ) (verification of whether two functionally connected areas are also structurally connected)