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NUR 198 EXAM 2 ATI Review Questions WITH
VERIFIED SOLUTIONS | 2026 UPDATE
A nurse is preparing a client for thoracentesis. In which of the following positions should the nurse place the client? A. prone with the arms raised over the head B. lying flat on the affected side C. supine with the head of the bed elevate D. sitting while leaning forward over the bedside table A. prone with the arms raised over the head RATIONALE When preparing a client a client for thoracentesis, the nurse should have the client sit on the edge of the bed and lean forward over the bedside table. This position maximizes the space between the client's ribs and allows aspiration of accumulated fluid and air. A nurse is teaching a client with cystic fibrosis about daily chest physiotherapy. Which of the following is the purpose of these treatments? A. to encourage deep breaths B. to mobilize secretions in the airways C. to dilate the bronchioles D. to stimulate the cough reflex
B. to mobilize secretions in the airways RATIONALE The purpose is to loosen and promote the drainage of secretions from the lungs. This includes percussion, vibration, and promotion of drainage by gravity. A nurse is providing instructions about pursed-lip breathing for a client who has chronic COPD with emphysema. This breathing technique accomplishes which of the following? A. increases oxygen intake B. promotes carbon dioxide elimination C. uses the intercostal muscles D. strengthens the diaphragm B. promotes carbon dioxide elimination RATIONALE Pursed-lip breathing releases trapped air in the lungs and prolongs exhalation in order to slow the breathing rate. This improved breathing pattern moves carbon dioxide out of the lungs more efficiently. A nurse is caring for a client who has a tracheostomy with an inflated cuff in place. Which of the following findings indicates that the nurse should suction the client's airway secretions? A. the client is unable to speak
A nurse is caring for a client with pneumonia who is experiencing thick oral secretions. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first? A. provide chest physiotherapy B. perform oropharyngeal suction C. encourage deep-breathing and coughing D. assist the client with ambulation C. encourage deep-breathing and coughing RATIONALE Using the ABCs approach is to encourage the client to breath deeply and cough to clear the secretions from the airway A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who had a pulmonary embolism. Which of the following statements indicates that the client understands the information? A. "I'll expect a little leg swelling since I won't be that active for a while." B. "I'll see the doctor every week to change my vena cava filter." C. "I'll call the doctor if I see any blood in my urine or stool." D. "I'll have to take the blood thinner for a few more days." C. "I'll call the doctor if I see any blood in my urine or stool." RATIONALE
Bleeding precautions are essential for clients who had a pulmonary embolism because they take an anticoagulant. They should report any signs of bleeding immediately. A nurse on a medical unit is caring for a client who aspirated gastric contents prior to admission. The nurse administers 100% oxygen by nonrebreather maksk after the client reports severe dyspnea. Which of the following findings is a clinical manifestation of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)? A. tympanic temperature 38C (100.4F) B. PaO2 50 mmHg C. rhonchi D. hypopnea B. PaO2 50 mmHg RATIONALE This client who has manifestations of ARDS has a low PaO2 level, even after administration of oxygen. Hypoxemia after treatment with oxygen is a manifestation of ARDS. A nurse is assessing the respiratory status of a client who has COPD. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse identify as an indication of impending respiratory failure? A. wheezing B. bradycardia
A nurse on a med-surg unit is assessing a client who recently transferred from the ICU following endotracheal extubation. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a possible manifestation of tracheal stenosis and report to the provider? A. increased coughing B. diaphragmatic breathing C. hemoptysis D. kussmaul respirations A. increased coughing RATIONALE Manifestations include increased coughing, inability to cough up secretions, dysphagia, and dyspnea. A nurse is preparing a client for a bronchoscopy. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? (SATA) A. explain that the client will receive sedation and will not remember the procedure B. verify that the client understands the purpose and nature of the procedure C. offer the client sips of clear liquids until 1 hr before the test D. obtain a pre-procedural sputum specimen E. instruct the client to keep their neck in a neutral position A. explain that the client will receive sedation and will not remember the procedure B. verify that the client understands the purpose and nature of the procedure
RATIONALE
Prior to a bronchoscopy, pts typically receive premedication with a benzodiazepine or an opioid to ensure sedation and amnesia. The client will have signed a consent form, so the nurse should verify that the provider explained the procedure and they understood what it means. A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative following a thoracic lobectomy. The client has 2 chest tubes in place: 1 in the lower portion of the thorax and the other higher on the chest wall. When a family member asks why the client as 2 chest tubes, which of the following responses should the nurse make? A. "Two tubes were necessary due to excessive bleeding from the area of the surgery." B. "The tubes drain blood from 2 different lung areas." C. "The lower tube will drain blood, and the higher tube will remove air." D. "The second tube will take over if blood clots block the first tube." C. "The lower tube will drain blood, and the higher tube will remove air." RATIONALE The tube on the lower thorax - drain blood The tube on the higher thorax - allow for removal of air A nurse is caring for a client who had a left lower lobectomy to treat lung cancer. Which of the following factors will have a significant impact on the plan of care for this client? A. the client will need intensive smoking-cessation education
A nurse is caring for a client who is scheduled to have his chest tube removed. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. cover the insertion site with a hydrocolloid dressing after removal B. provide pain medication immediately after removal C. instruct the client to perform the Valsalva maneuver during removal D. delegate removal of the chest tube to a LPN C. instruct the client to perform the Valsalva maneuver during removal RATIONALE This is done to help maintain the appropriate amount of negative pressure in the chest in order to prevent air entry into the pleural space. A nurse is assessing a client who has a positive tuberculin skin test. Which of the following findings indicates that the client has active tuberculosis? A. rhinitis B. air hunger C. night sweats D. weight gain C. night sweats RATIONALE Manifestations of active TB include fever, coughing, night sweats, anorexia, and fatigue.
A nurse is caring for a client who has a tracheostomy and is receiving mechanical ventilation. When the low-pressure alarm on the ventilator sounds, it indicates which of the following to the nurse? A. excessive airway secretions B. a leak within the ventilator's circuitry C. decreased lung compliance D. the client coughing or attempting to talk B. a leak within the ventilator's circuitry RATIONALE Low-pressure alarms are often the result of a malfunction or displacement of connections somewhere between the endotracheal or tracheostomy tube and the ventilator. A charge nurse receives notification of the admission of a client who is coughing frequently and whose sputum is pink, frothy, and copious. The client has a history of night sweats, anorexia, and weight loss. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? (SATA) A. assign the pt to a private room with neg-pressure airflow B. add contact precautions to pts plan of care C. wear an N95 respirator when entering the client's room D. ensure the client's environment provides 4 exchanges of fresh air per minute E. institute protective environment precautions as soon as the pt arrives on the unit
care. They will also receive oxygen therapy by nasal cannula or mask for the first 2 days and then PRN. A nurse is caring for a client who has a chest tube. The nurse notes that the best tube as become disconnected from the chest drainage system. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. place the drainage system at the head of the pts bed B. increase the suction to the chest drainage system C. place the client on a low-flow oxygen via nasal cannula D. immerse the end of the chest tube in a bottle of sterile water D. immerse the end of the chest tube in a bottle of sterile water RATIONALE Once disconnected, air can enter the pleural space, producing a pneumothorax that can result in severe respiratory distress. To prevent this from developing, a temporary water seal can be established by immersing the end of the tube in a bottle of sterile water. This allows air to escape and not enter the pleural space. A nurse is preparing to administer cisplatin IV to a client who has lung cancer. The nurse should identify that which of the following findings is an adverse effects of this medication? A. hallucinations B. pruritus
C. hand and foot syndrome D. tinnitus D. tinnitus RATIONALE An adverse effect of cisplatin is ototoxicity, which can cause tinnitus A nurse is planning care for a client following placement of a chest tube 1 hr ago. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan of care? A. clamp the chest tube if there is continuous bubbling in the water seal chamber B. keep the chest tube drainage system at the level of the right atrium C. tape all connections between the chest tube and drainage system D. empty the collection chamber and record the amount of drainage every 8 hr C. tape all connections between the chest tube and drainage system RATIONALE This is to ensure that the system is airtight and prevent the chest tubing from accidentally disconnecting. A nurse is planning postoperative education for a client who will undergo a radical neck dissection for cancer of the larynx. The nurse should include which of the following topics? (SATA)
