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NURS-1512 EXAM 1 (Latest Update 2026 /
2027) Questions & Answers {Grade A}
100% Correct
The nurse is caring for a ventilated patient in the ICU who has just undergone coronary artery bypass. The nurse is concerned that the patient may be at risk for ventilator- acquired pneumonia (VAP). What step will she take to minimize this risk? a. Not provide oral hygiene because this may cause bacterial contamination of the airway. b. Be careful not to use chlorhexidine in oral care because it provides a medium for bacterial growth. c. Not use chlorhexidine in oral care because it enhances the rate at which VAP develops.
d. Include the use of a chlorhexidine rinse as part of oral hygiene to delay the development of VAP. - correct answer d. Include the use of a chlorhexidine rinse as part of oral hygiene to delay the development of VAP. The nurse plans to give the patient a therapeutic bath. Which of the following is considered therapeutic? a. Bed bath b. Sponge bath at the sink c. Sitz bath d. Bag bath - correct answer c. Sitz bath What should the nurse do before starting a patient's bed bath? a. Lower the bed. b. Offer the bedpan or urinal. c. Partially undress the patient. d. Place the head of the bed in high-Fowler's position. - correct answer b. Offer the bedpan or urinal.
c. Wash the legs before the abdomen. d. Wash the back area before the extremities. - correct answer a. Wash the feet after the legs. What should hygienic care of the patient with dry skin include? a. Use of moisturizers b. Use of ultraviolet light c. Application of antiseptic lotion d. Lowering of bath water temperature - correct answer a. Use of moisturizers While giving the patient a bed bath, the nurse notices a reddened area on the patient's coccyx. The nurse should: a. decrease the temperature of the bath water. b. massage the reddened area to decrease the redness. c. apply topical moisturizing agents to the area. d. ignore the redness because it will return to normal soon. - correct answer c. apply topical moisturizing agents to the area.
The optimal position for a female patient for the provision of perineal care is: a. prone. b. side-lying. c. high-Fowler's. d. dorsal recumbent. - correct answer d. dorsal recumbent. While evaluating the hygienic care practices of a female patient, the nurse recognizes that additional instruction is necessary if the patient: a. washes the perineal area from back to front. b. washes the labia majora before the labia minora. c. avoids tension on the indwelling catheter. d. uses separate sections of the washcloth for each cleansing stroke. - correct answer a. washes the perineal area from back to front. In providing perineal care for a male patient, the nurse realizes that the patient has not been circumcised. The nurse should: a. retract the foreskin aftercare has been completed. b. place the patient in prone position.
d. limit snacks to three or four per day. - correct answer d. limit snacks to three or four per day. The nurse understands that the priority nursing action needed when medical asepsis is used includes: a. handwashing. b. surgical procedures. c. autoclaving of instruments. d. sterilization of equipment. - correct answer a. handwashing. Handwashing with soap and water is: a. the most effective way to reduce the number of bacteria on the nurse's hands. b. more effective than alcohol-based products for washing hands. c. necessary for hand hygiene if hands are visibly soiled. d. not necessary if the nurse wears artificial nails. - correct answer c. necessary for hand hygiene if hands are visibly soiled.
When caring for patients, the nurse understands that the single most important technique to prevent and control the transmission of infection is: a. hand hygiene. b. the use of disposable gloves. c. the use of isolation precautions. d. sterilization of equipment. - correct answer a. hand hygiene. Which of the following measures is appropriate when a nurse is washing his or her hands? a. Use very hot water. b. Leave rings and watches in place. c. Lather for at least 15 to 20 seconds. d. Keep the fingers and hands up and the elbows down. - correct answer c. lather for at least 15 to 20 seconds The nurse shows an understanding of the psychological implications for a patient on isolation when planning care to control the risk for: a. denial.
d. mask/respirator. - correct answer a. gown. The patient is presenting to the hospital with a high fever and a productive cough. He says that he hasn't felt right since he returned from visiting Somalia about a month before admission. He also states that he has lost about 20 pounds in the last month and frequently wakes up in the middle of the night sweaty and "clammy." What should the nurse prepare to do? a. Place the patient on contact isolation. b. Place the patient in a negative-pressure room. c. Place the patient on droplet precautions. d. Use standard precautions only. - correct answer b. Place the patient in a negative- pressure room. For patients with which of the following conditions should the nurse implement airborne precautions? a. Rubella b. Influenza c. Tuberculosis
d. Pediculosis - correct answer c. tuberculosis The patient is admitted to the pediatric unit with severe pertussis. The nurse explains to the parents and the child that the patient will be treated with the use of: a. airborne precautions. b. standard precautions only. c. droplet precautions. d. contact isolation. - correct answer c. droplet precautions. Droplet precautions will be instituted for the patient admitted to the infectious disease unit with: a. streptococcal pharyngitis. b. herpes simplex. c. pulmonary TB. d. measles. - correct answer a. streptococcal pharyngitis.
c. wear a mask when closer than 3 feet to the patient. d. place the patient on contact precautions. - correct answer c. wear a mask when closer than 3 feet to the patient. For an infection to take place, which of the following must be present? (Select all that apply.) a. Pathogen and reservoir b. Portals of exit and entry c. Mode of transmission d. Susceptible host - correct answer A,B,C,D If hands are not visibly soiled, the nurse may use an alcohol-based hand rub in which of the following situations? (Select all that apply.) a. Before having direct contact with patients b. After contact with a patient's intact skin c. After contact with body fluids or excretions d. After removing gloves - correct answer A,B,C,D
The nurse is planning to care for a patient diagnosed with possible tuberculosis (TB). Assessment of possible TB may be based on which of the following? (Select all that apply.) a. A positive AFB smear or culture b. Signs or symptoms of TB c. Cavitation on chest x-ray study d. History of recent exposure e. TB skin test - correct answer A,B,C,D The nurse is aware that normal flora that does not cause disease but does prevent disease-causing microorganisms from reproducing is known as: a. sebum. b. the epidermis. c. resident bacteria. d. the dermis. - correct answer c. resident bacteria. In relation to hygiene and the acute care setting, the nurse knows that which of the following statements is true?
b. Semi-Fowler's c. Sims' d. Supine - correct answer c. Sims' A nurse recognizes that a shampoo may be contraindicated for a bed-bound patient with: a. heart disease. b. diabetes mellitus. c. a neck injury. d. a bleeding disorder. - correct answer c. a neck injury. Shaving with a disposable razor is contraindicated for a patient with: a. heart disease. b. diabetes mellitus. c. a head injury. d. a bleeding disorder. - correct answer d. a bleeding disorder.
When evaluating the shaving of a patient done by a family member, the nurse determines that the technique is done appropriately when: a. long strokes are used. b. the razor is held at a 45-degree angle to the skin. c. shaving is done against the direction of hair growth. d. a cool cloth is used on the skin before the shave. - correct answer b. the razor is held at a 45-degree angle to the skin. The nurse is providing nail care for the patient who wants his fingernails "done." The nurse should: a. clip the fingernails gently to prevent injury. b. clean under the nails using an orange stick. c. soak the fingernails no longer than 10 minutes. d. clean under the nails using the end of a cotton swab. - correct answer c. soak the fingernails no longer than 10 minutes. The nurse assesses the patient's skin and notices an abrasion. Which of the following best describes this type of skin abnormality?
c. Offer the patient access to scarves or wigs. d. Place a drop of oil on the area. - correct answer c. Offer the patient access to scarves or wigs. The patient requires postural drainage 3 times a day. Which of the following bed positions would be most appropriate for this task? a. Fowler's position b. Trendelenburg's position c. Reverse Trendelenburg's position d. Semi-Fowler's position - correct answer b. Trendelenburg's position The skin, the largest human body organ, protects us from heat, light, injury, and infection and does which of the following? (Select all that apply.) a. Helps regulate body temperature. b. Stores water, vitamin D, and fat. c. Helps to sense pain. d. Prevents the entry of bacteria. - correct answer A,B,C,D
Critically ill patients on a ventilator are at risk for ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). Sources of VAP include: (Select all that apply.) a. bacteria in the oral pharynx. b. dental plaque. c. chlorhexidine rinses. d. frequent oral hygiene. - correct answer A,B When taking a shower in the home setting, the patient at risk for falls may benefit from: (Select all that apply.) a. installation of grab bars. b. adhesive strips applied to the tub floor. c. addition of a shower chair or stool. d. a hydraulic lift. - correct answer A,B,C Patients at greatest risk for developing serious foot problems include those with: (Select all that apply.) a. peripheral neuropathy. b. peripheral vascular disease.
