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Nursing Care for Diabetes in Pregnancy, Study Guides, Projects, Research of Obstetrics

Virginia State University (VSU)Obstetrics

Nursing Care for Diabetes in Pregnancy

Typology: Study Guides, Projects, Research

2024/2025

Available from 04/03/2025

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insulin
resis-
Nursing Care for Diabetes in Pregnancy
1. Diabetes Mellitus: Disorder of carbohydrate metabolism due to insulin
issues.
2. Hyperglycemia: Excess glucose in the blood due to insulin deficiency.
3. Insulin: Hormone regulating glucose levels in the blood.
4. Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM): Glucose intolerance onset during
preg- nancy.
5. Type 1 Diabetes: Insulin deficiency due to beta cell destruction.
6. Type 2 Diabetes: Insulin resistance often linked to obesity.
7. White's Classification: System categorizing GDM severity based on control.
8. A-1 Classification: GDM managed through diet alone.
9. A-2 Classification: GDM requiring diet and insulin management.
10. Fetal Growth Acceleration: Increased fetal size due to
maternal tance.
11. Neonatal Hypoglycemia: Low blood sugar in newborns post-delivery.
12. Congenital Malformation: Birth defects associated with maternal diabetes.
13. Small for Gestational Age (SGA): Fetus smaller than expected for
gestational age.
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insulin resis-

Nursing Care for Diabetes in Pregnancy

  1. Diabetes Mellitus: Disorder of carbohydrate metabolism due to insulin issues.
  2. Hyperglycemia: Excess glucose in the blood due to insulin deficiency.
  3. Insulin: Hormone regulating glucose levels in the blood.
  4. Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM): Glucose intolerance onset during preg- nancy.
  5. Type 1 Diabetes: Insulin deficiency due to beta cell destruction.
  6. Type 2 Diabetes: Insulin resistance often linked to obesity.
  7. White's Classification: System categorizing GDM severity based on control.
  8. A-1 Classification: GDM managed through diet alone.
  9. A-2 Classification: GDM requiring diet and insulin management.
  10. Fetal Growth Acceleration: Increased fetal size due to maternal tance.
  11. Neonatal Hypoglycemia: Low blood sugar in newborns post-delivery.
  12. Congenital Malformation: Birth defects associated with maternal diabetes.
  13. Small for Gestational Age (SGA): Fetus smaller than expected for gestational age.
  1. Large for Gestational Age (LGA): Fetus larger than expected for gestational age.
  2. Intrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR): Fetal growth limitation due to placen- tal insufficiency.
  3. Hypocalcemia: Low calcium levels in newborns.
  4. Hyperbilirubinemia: Excess bilirubin causing jaundice in newborns.
  5. Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Breathing difficulties in newborns, often linked to diabetes.
  6. Maternal Assessment: Evaluation of diabetic history and physical condition.
  7. Fetal Surveillance: Monitoring fetal health in mothers with diabetes.
  8. Glucose Challenge Test: Initial screening for GDM using oral glucose.
  9. Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT): Confirmatory test for GDM after abnor- mal challenge.
  10. Blood Glucose Goals: Maintain normal levels to ensure healthy pregnancy outcomes.
  11. Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: Diabetes occurring during pregnancy requiring management.
  12. Dietary Recommendations: 30-35 kcal/kg/day for nonobese mothers.
  13. Obese Dietary Intake: 25 kcal/kg/day recommended for obese mothers.
  14. Blood Glucose Monitoring: Essential for maintaining euglycemia during preg- nancy.
  1. Herpes Simplex Virus: Most common STD, transmitted via direct contact.
  2. VZIG Administration: Given to high-risk pregnant women exposed to varicella.
  3. Congenital Varicella Syndrome: Causes limb hypoplasia, cataracts, and IUGR.
  4. Infection Prevention: Immunization not recommended during pregnancy.
  5. Herpes Simplex Virus: A viral infection affecting pregnant women.
  6. Rupture of membranes: Break in amniotic sac before labor.
  7. Active lesions: Visible sores indicating viral infection presence.
  8. PCR: Polymerase chain reaction for viral detection.
  9. IUGR: Intrauterine growth restriction in fetuses.
  10. Spontaneous abortion: Natural termination of pregnancy.
  11. Antiviral chemotherapy: Medications to reduce viral symptoms.
  12. Cesarean birth: Surgical delivery when lesions are present.
  13. Toxoplasmosis: Infection caused by Toxoplasma gondii.
  14. Transmission routes: Raw meat and cat feces exposure.
  15. Placental barrier: Separation between maternal and fetal blood.
  16. Subclinical symptoms: Mild symptoms like fatigue and muscle pain.
  17. Positive IgG and IgM: Serological markers for Toxoplasma infection.
  18. Low birth weight: Weight below 2500 grams at birth.
  19. Enlarged liver and spleen: Hepatosplenomegaly in newborns due to

infection.

  1. Serious complications: Long-term effects like blindness and seizures.
  2. Group B Streptococcus Infection: Leading cause of perinatal infections in the US.
  3. Vaginal and rectal culture: Testing for GBS between 35-38 weeks.
  4. Early-onset GBS disease: Occurs within first week after birth.
  5. Late-onset GBS disease: Occurs after the first week of life.
  6. Sepsis: Systemic infection causing organ dysfunction.
  7. Meningitis: Inflammation of the protective membranes of the brain.