NUTR 4320 FINAL PERSPECTIVES QUESTIONS WITH
VERIFIED ACCURATE ANSWERS
How many fold more genes does the microbiome have than there are human genes? -
Answers - 2000-fold
How are gene counts related to obesity severity? - Answers - Lower gene counts are
associated with greater obesity severity due to reduced microbial activity and function
What factors contribute to worse obesity in LGC individuals? - Answers - More
adiposity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and inflammatory mediator production
What is characteristic of LGC microbiotas? - Answers - Low numbers of microbial genes
expressed indicates that the microbiome is less active and bacterial functions in the
microbiota are altered or lost compared to HGC individuals
What is characteristic of HGC microbiotas? - Answers - High numbers of microbial
genes expressed indicates a fully functional capability of the microbiota, exhibiting
redundancy in functions
What is IBD? - Answers - Chron's disease and/or ulcerative colitis resulting from
excessive inflammation of the colon causing tissue damage and loss of epithelial
membrane integrity
What are the symptoms common to IBD and IBs? - Answers - Abdominal
pain/cramping, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, diminished appetite and weight loss
What is the FODMAP diet? - Answers - A diet that avoids fermentable foods,
oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols
What are the recommendations for use of the FODMAP diet? - Answers - Effective for
treatment of IBS, but only meant for short-term use in IBD
What is a potential negative impact of the FODMAP diet despite it reducing symptoms
of IBS? - Answers - No fiber or SCFA production that could increase remission time and
reduce inflammation
How is the microbiota affected in IBD? - Answers - Reduced abundance, diversity, gene
counts, and function within the microbiome -> microbial dysbiosis -> reduced butyrate
production
