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Nutrition Final Study Questions with Complete
Solution
1. Along with weight reduction, what vitamins are recommended to help with bone health?:
Vitamin C
2. Loss of muscle mass can be halted or reversed with which of the following?-
: Strength gaining exercises
3. A 79 year old client has been admitted to a long tern care facility that follows a liberal diet
approach. The client has a long history of high cholesterol and desire a low cholesterol diet. How might the nurse respond?: Malnutrition is a greater threat than hypercholesteolemia
4. What is the greatest know modifiable risk factor of OA of the knee?: overweight
5. Where is it recommended that older adults get their vitamin b12 from?: Fortified cereals
6. What are the key components in meeting quality of life standards among older adults who are
residents of long term care facilities?: Prevention of unintentional weight loss and pressure ulcers
7. Cheese fits into MYPLATE for older adults where?: proteins
8. What is the primary goal of diet intervention for the elderly?: maintain quality of life
9. What is the AI for water for a 65 year old male?: 3.7 L/ day
10. What are the recommended sources of magnesium for the elderly?: yogurt
11. What are the approximate protein needs per day for an adult weighting 132 pounds (
2 / kg)?: 48 g/ day
12. What can weight loss do for older people with OA?: It relieves symptoms in the weight bearing
joints
13. Client is a 69 year old male who is moderately active. What is the recom- mended
calorie per day intake?: 2200 cal/ day
14. When should restrictive diets be used in long term care facilities?: When a significant
improvement in health can be expected.
15. What is the recommended daily intake of fiber for this 55 year old female?: 21 g/ day
16. What causes the body's need for vitamin D to increase over the age of 50 years?: The
ability to synthesize vitamin D from sun light, which decreases with age.
17. What is a good source of the vitamin D needed by older adults?: Fortified milk
18. What would be an important question to ask while screening an older person for nutritional
risk?: About the use of three or more prescribed over the counter daily medications
19. What is one reason a person might have for not agreeing with the suggestion to lose weight?: The
client does not feel the need to make changes at this point in their life.
20. Which elderly clients would a restrictive diet be recommended for?: Those with ascites.
21. What could be a cause of the development of a ulcer on a sacrum of a 74 year old in a
nursing home?: Inadequate food and fluid intake
4 / the family in mealtime, encourage independence in eating.
34. What may the client be experiencing as a result of taking a can liquid dietary supplement?:
Loss of appetite, taste fatigue
35. What can a nurse tell a wife of a Alzheimer husband to watch that would possibly
indicate nutritional problem?: Forgetting he had eaten and eating again. Forgetting how to shop for food.
36. Which nutritional requirement proportionally increases the most during pregnancy?:
Calories
37. What vitamin has been identified as helping to prevent neural tube defects when
consumed in adequate amounts before conception?: Folic acid
38. Herbal supplements are not recommended to be taken during pregnancy or while
breastfeeding. Why?: They have potential of crossing the placental barrier
39. 32 year old at a "normal" pregnancy weight. What is the recommended amount of
total weight gain?: 25 to 35 pounds
40. For a woman who is obese at conception, the recommended total weight gain should
be a minimum of what?: 11 pounds
41. How much should client at 20 weeks conception (normal weight) should have gained by
5 / now?: 12 pounds
42. What nutrient is not usually consumed in adequate amount through the diet?: iron
43. What is the recommended dosage for iron during pregnancy?: 27 mg/day
44. The use of what is potentially most harmful to the fetus?: alcohol
45. The client is 24 week pregnant. How much have her daily calorie needs increased
over her first trimester?: 300 calories
46. What can mercury exposure during pregnancy cause?: Brain and neurologic abnormal- ities in the fetus
47. What nutritional action can be used to lessen nausea and vomiting?: Limiting fat intake
48. What are the nutritional recommendations for calcium during a normal pregnancy?:
1000 mg/ day
49. What problem is associated with pica?: Iron deficiency
50. When should every woman be screened for gestational diabetes?: Between 24 and 28 weeks?
51. Most pregnant women are at low risk for nutritional deficiencies because they can
meet their daily requirements through diet alone. Folic acid is an exception to this statement and requires what?: The ingestion of fortified foods
52. What is the basis for recommending a supplement during pregnancy?: indi- vidual
circumstances
7 / postpartum depression
64. How much fluid should a women breastfeeding drink each day?: Drink a glass of fluid every time
the baby nurses and at every meal
65. Studies have shown a correlation with impaired cognitive development and a deficiency
of which nutrient?: iodine
66. A person having difficulty with nausea and vomiting may consider doing what?: Eat
frequent, small snacks of dry carbohydrates.
67. Which of the following is a likely result of a high risk pregnancy?: Low birth weight infant
68. What is a good sourced for folate/ folic acid?: Spinach, breakfast cereals, lentils
69. What are some benefits for breastfeeding for both mother and infant?: Breast- feeding may decrease
the risk of food allergies in the infant. Breastfeeding may be protective against breast cancer. Breastfeeding can mobilize fats stored to help women lose weight, particular in the lower body.
70. What pregnant client is at risk for poor nutritional status?: Teens and women older than 35 years
of age. prepartum BMI of less than 18.5 or greater than 25. multiparity
71. During a well- child visit, the nurse determines the BMI and reviews the foods
records to evaluate for which of the following?: Adequacy of intake.
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72. When are infants developmentally ready for the introductions of solid foods?: 6 to
9 months
73. At what age does the American Academy of Pediatrics recommend that juices be
introduced into the diets of infants?: Not before 6 months of age
74. Young children who drink too much milk are at risk for what?: Milk anemia
75. What is the recommendation of the first solid food that should be introduced in to a 6
month baby boy?: infant rice cereal
76. By what age does milk become a major source of nutrients for the child?: 12 months
77. What indication in an infant would you tell you that he or she is ready to progress to
solid foods?: The eruption of teeth
78. What would an infant who is formula fest be at risk for?: Over feeding
79. What do breastfeed infants, ranging in age from birth to 1 year, need sup- plemented?:
Vitamin D
80. To decrease risk of choking, what should children no be given?: grapes
81. The Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommend a heart healthy diet. What ages are
theses recommendation for?: 2 years to adult
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93. What is a contributing factor to the risk for calcium deficiency in adoles- cents?: The
substitution of soft drinks with milk
94. The mother wants to know how many calories a day she should feed her 15 year old
daughter to keep her from gaining weight?: 1800 calories`
95. Which lunch is best for a 10 year old is active?: 3 oz of tuna on whole wheat breast, 1 medium apple, 8 oz of
2% milk
96. What feeding skills would be expected for the 6 month infant to have devel- oped?: Begins
to eat smashed food
97. Formula feeding mothers should be aware that?: Formulas made in the United states have minimum nutrient
requirements that are more than the nutrient amount provided in breast milk
98. What would be the best age appropriate response to a parent wanting to prevent obesity in a 9
month old?: Infants should be allowed to self regulate the amount of food they eat
99. Which of the following should the nurse recommend the mother give daily when
following 1000 calorie diet for her 2 year old daughter who is gaining too much weight?: 1 cup of vegetables. 2 cups dairy. 2 oz. protein.
100. All young clients who are not in healthy weight range should be evaluated for what risks?:
11 / Behavior risks Medical risks
101. How do many children eat in todays society?: Obtain a significant portion of their calories from sweetened
beverages. Get one third of their calories from snacks. skip breakfast.
102. What strategies could be used to get a child to eat?: Eating with the child.
Limiting snacks. Spacing meal time further apart.
103. What is a disadvantage of assessing weight with BMI?: BMI can be elevated for reasons other than excess
fat.
104. What would someone with a BMI of 25 be considered?: overweight
105. What would they be told about phentermine, an FDA approved drug for weight loss?:
Tolerance may develop after only a few weeks
106. To achieve health benefits from weight loss , how much weight does an individual
actually have to lose?: Health benefits can be realized with only modest weight loss.
107. What is an achievable and attainable initial weight loss goal?: 5% to 10% body weight
108. Recommended rate of weight loss for the first 6 months of treatment is what?: 1 to 2
pounds a week
109. How many calories per day deficit would you need to produce a 1 pound weight loss
per week?: 500 calories
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120. What would be the best suggestion or a client whose has diabetes and hypertension
who has tried restrictive dieting and has not been able to lose weight?: Behavior modification
121. Which lunch would be best for an 18 year old client who is being treated for bulimia?: 3 oz of
grilled swordfish, 1/2 cup of steamed broccoli, 1/2 cup of rice pilaf and 4 oz hot tea
122. What would be an appropriate breakfast for a person on a low crab/ high fat diet?: 1/2 cup
of orange juice, 2 scrambled eggs cooked in 2 teaspoons of butter, and 1 oz of pork sausage
123. A client with a BMI of 31.8 needs counseling for decrease calorie intake. What would
be the best level of caloric intake for the client?: 1200 to 1600 cal / day
124. What really matters with weight loss?: The amount of calories consumed.
125. What strategy would be discussed for Promoting exercise adherence in obese clients
report?: Exercise at home instead of a gym
126. What strategy would you expect to see on a list used to encourage clients to stick with
their diets (low calorie)?: Give client preprinted menus
127. Which of the following is a factor related to the obesogenic environment?-
: Low cost, high calorie foods
128. The nurse recognizes that the most successful diet plan is which of the following?:
Individualized to the clients preference and health status.
129. A reason why a family may be putting on weight after a recent move
14 / and change in environment may be?: Weight gain can develop when exposure to an obesogenic environment occurs
130. Which of the following will a client on 1400 cap/ day consume?: 4 oz. protein.
1.5 cups vegetables. 4 teaspoon oils
131. What are some common complications of obesity?: Respiratory dysfunction. dyslipidemia.
cholecystitis
