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NVG (Night Vision Goggles) Study Guide: Key Components, Vision Types, and Illusions, Exams of Optics

Virginia State University (VSU)Optics

This study guide provides a comprehensive overview of night vision goggles (nvgs), covering their major components such as the cornea, retina, and lens, as well as different types of vision including photopic, mesopic, and scotopic. It explains how nvgs amplify light and the visual acuity attainable with them. The guide also details visual deficiencies, advantages, disadvantages, and potential illusions related to nvg use, such as false horizon and flicker vertigo. Additionally, it covers operational aspects like battery life, legal requirements, and procedures for logging nvg operations, making it a valuable resource for pilots and aviation professionals. The document also includes information about nvg defects and cosmetic blemishes, weather conditions impacting nvg use, focus range, weight, and automatic protection features.

Typology: Exams

2025/2026

Available from 12/06/2025

hesigrader002
hesigrader002 🇺🇸

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NVG check revised study guide
1.
Major components of
the Eye: 1)
Cornea
2)
Retina
3)
Lense
4)
Pupile
5)
Iris
6)
Cones
7)
Rods
8)
Optic
Nerve
2.
What type of vision: 1)
Photopic
2)
Mesopic
3)
Scotopic
3.
How
much
light
do
NVGs
amplify
light:
1)
2,500-3,500
(CTS)
times
some
things
say
10,000
4.
what
is
the
best
visual
acuity
attainable
with
NVGs:
1) 20/25 - 20/40
2) Normal eye Night unaided 20/200, Day 20/20
5.
Visual
Deficiencies:
1)
Astigmatism
pf3
pf4
pf5
pf8
pf9

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1 /

NVG check revised study guide

  1. Major components of the Eye: 1) Cornea
  1. Retina
  2. Lense
  3. Pupile
  4. Iris
  5. Cones
  6. Rods
  7. Optic Nerve
  1. What type of vision: 1) Photopic
  1. Mesopic
  2. Scotopic
  1. How much light do NVGs amplify light: 1) 2,500-3,500 (CTS) times some things say 10,
  2. what is the best visual acuity attainable with NVGs: 1) 20/25 - 20/
  1. Normal eye Night unaided 20/200, Day 20/
  1. Visual Deficiencies: 1) Astigmatism

2 /

  1. Myopia
  2. Hyperopia
  3. Presbyopia
  1. Astigmatism: 1) Unequal curvature of the cornea resulting in the inability to focus on ditterent meridian simultaneously such as vertical and horizontal objects
  2. Myopia: 1) Nearsightedness is a condition caused by a refractive error in the lens
  3. Why we use NVG's: 1) Light Amplification tool to provide better visibility and SA at night
  4. NVGs advantages and disadvantages: 1) Better SA
  1. See through weather Dis
  2. Fatigue
  3. reduced FOV
  1. Cornea: 1) Transparent tissue located over the front of the eye
  1. has a curvature shape different in everyone
  1. Retina: 1) thin multi-layer membrane that covers most of the compartment of the eye
  1. contains rods and cones cells
  1. Lense: 1) Transparent biconvex membrane situated behind the pupil
  1. directs light rays entering the pupil on to the retina
  1. Pupil: 1) Opening in the center of the iris (black center)

4 /

  1. Altered Planes of Reference
  2. Auto-kinetic Illusion
  3. Relative Motion illness
  4. Reversible Perspective illusion
  5. Structure Illusion
  6. Size Distance
  1. False Horizon: 1) Objects other than horizon are interpreted as being horizontal (ie cloud layers), vertical ??
  2. Flicker Vertigo: 1) Light flickers at a rate 4-20 cycles per second. (Sun light through rotors)
  1. can cause nausea, vomiting, unconsciousness, seizers
  1. Altered Planes of Reference: 1) can occur when approach mountains or cloud line
  1. Feel need to climb even when you have adequate clearance
  2. use instruments to prevent
  1. Auto Kinetic illusion: 1) occurs when stare are a light and it appears to move
  1. prevent by scanning
  1. Relative motion illusion: 1) motion between you and other moving objects (car, train)
  1. weird feeling of moving when not or faster or slower then you are
  2. understand it happens and continue to scan

5 /

  1. Reversible Perspective illusion: 1) Occur at night, aircraft may appear to be approaching when heading away and vice versa
  1. look at light color on aircraft and if able check TCAS
  1. Structural illusion: 1) curved glass, heat waves, rain, snow, anything that is in the air (rain on the windshield)
  1. disturbance /distortion on objects due to light curving.
  1. Size distance: 1) occurs when there is a false perception of distance from object or the ground
  1. incorrectly id's an object normal see but is a different size
  1. How do we mitigate potential illusion: 1) Inst scanning
  1. aided to unaided transition
  2. external lighting
  3. visual scan outside
  1. How long does it take to adapt to night vision: 1) average 30 -45 minutes
  2. What can effect night adaptation time: 1) Smoking
  1. over all health and diet
  2. sleep
  3. fatigue

7 /

  1. Departure
  2. Enroute
  3. Approach
  4. Landing
  5. Transition aided to unaided
  1. How do we log NVGs operations: 1) Complete flight
  2. NVG defect vs cosmetic blemish: 1) defects are grounding/ unusable
  1. cosmetic blemish that do not automatically prohibit use
  1. NVG Defects: 1) Flashing/flickering
  1. edge glow
  2. Emission points
  3. shading
  1. Emission points: 1) A steady or fluctuating pinpoint of bright light in the image area
  1. still remains when light source is blocked
  1. Edge glow: 1) bright area in the outer portion of the viewing area, could be light form outside viewing area. Cup hand and over the tube if still there the defective.
  2. Flashing /Flickering: 1) either both or one of the tubes (check for loose wires, batteries, weak batteries

8 /

  1. Shading: 1) if a full circle is not presented in monocular (dark area)
  1. most likely a failing photocathode
  1. What do you do if you find a defect: 1) log it and get a new pair
  2. Cosmetic blemishes: 1) Fixed Pattern Noise
  1. Image Distortion
  2. Image Disparity
  3. Bright spots
  4. Black Spots
  5. Chicken wire
  6. Veiling Glare
  1. What. Weather conditions might impact NVG use: 1) Precipitation- light moisture = you can see through(fog, mist etc), heavier moisture = deflects light and cause halos or distortion in the image
  1. Lightning- bright flash may auto shutott
  2. Thin clouds might not see and can fly into it
  1. NVG focus range: 1) 11 inches to infinity (108 feet or 33 meters)
  2. How much do NVGs weigh: 1) about 1 to 1.25 pounds
  3. Automatic Protection features: 1) BSP