Download NVRA COMPREHENSIVE EXAM 2026 FULL QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS GRADED A+ and more Exams Law in PDF only on Docsity!
NVRA COM PREHENSIVE EXA M 2026 FULL
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS
GRADED A+
◉ According to the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, what must a
witness who is requesting to read and sign the transcript do? Answer:
The witness must sign a statement listing the changes in form or
substance and the reasons for making them.
◉ What is an ex parte proceeding? Answer: A proceeding in which all parties are not present or given the opportunity to be heard.
◉ What is an errata page? Answer: A statement signed by the deponent listing changes in the form or substance of his testimony and the reasons
for making such changes.
◉ According to the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, what must a reporter attest to on the certificate page? Answer: The transcript is true
and accurate of the material reported on the date set forth.
◉ Involuntary, rapid, horizontal, vertical, rotary, or mixed movements of the eyeball. Answer: Nystagmus.
◉ Role of a grand jury. Answer: To determine probable cause.
◉ Criminal sentences that must be served one after the other rather than
at the same time. Answer: Consecutive.
◉ Money a party receives as compensation for a legal wrong. Answer: Damages.
◉ Rights accrued to the owner of land on the banks of a waterway. Answer: Riparian.
◉ Definition of "venue". Answer: The place where the trial takes place.
◉ "to remove unhealthy tissue" Answer: Debridement.
◉ "encumbrance" Answer: A mortgage on property.
◉ "movement that draws the body part toward the midline of the body"
Answer: Adduction.
◉ "an abnormal condition of the vertebrae or spinal column" Answer: Spondylosis.
◉ Bill of Rights, 5th Amendment Answer: Right to due process of law,
freedom from self-incrimination, double jeopardy.
Eminent domain: no private property can be taken for public use without
just compensation.
◉ Bill of Rights, 6th Amendment Answer: Right to a speedy and public trial by impartial jury; right to counsel.
Right to be informed of the accusations; confronted with witnesses
against him, and compulsory processes for obtaining witnesses in favor.
(Confrontation Clause)
◉ Bill of Rights, 7th Amendment Answer: Civil trial by jury.
◉ Bill of Rights, 8th Amendment Answer: Prohibits cruel and unusual
punishment; excessive bail.
◉ Bill of Rights, 9th Amendment Answer: Protection of rights not specifically enumerated in the Constitution.
◉ abscond Answer: To depart secretly or suddenly; to conceal oneself.
◉ affiant Answer: One who makes an affidavit. (i.e. deponent)
◉ arraignment Answer: in criminal law, the calling of the accused before
the Court to answer to the charge.
◉ a vinculo matrimonii Answer: from the bond of marriage, of a divorce.
◉ bona fide Answer: good faith, honesty.
◉ brief Answer: the document that counsel files with the court as the
basis for arguing a case.
◉ burden of proof Answer: the duty that falls upon a party to prove a fact affirmatively.
◉ codicil Answer: a supplement/addition to a will;
modifying/explaining/qualifying a will; once admitted to probate,
becomes part of the will itself.
◉ corpus delecti Answer: the body of the crime.
◉ deposition Answer: testimony taken under oath, outside of the
courtroom, with a court reporter and both sides of counsel present for the
purpose of cross-examination.
◉ mitigate Answer: to make less severe.
◉ non sui juris Answer: not of one's own right; lacking legal age or
capacity.
◉ pecuniary Answer: of or relating to money.
◉ quid pro quo Answer: one equivalent for another.
◉ remand Answer: to send back to custody.
◉ subpoena Answer: court order to appear under penalty or pain.
◉ subpoena duces tecum Answer: ordering a witness to appear and bring
specified documents.
◉ The United States Supreme Court has... Answer: 9 justices.
◉ Federal Court Justices are appointed... Answer: for life.
◉ A jury in a civil action is... Answer: judge of the facts only.
◉ A caption with "et al." indicates... Answer: there is more than one
defendant.
◉ Recognized authority on the conduct of meetings, etc. Answer: Roberts' Rules of Order
◉ Windows File Explorer Answer: view/manage file settings (Windows button + E)
◉ caveat Answer: warning
◉ ancillary Answer: (auxiliary) supplemental; providing necessary
support.
◉ anachronism Answer: out of date
◉ The burden of proof in a trial refers to the... Answer: amount and
quality of the evidence.
◉ credence Answer: belief
◉ Criminal Trial Timeline Answer: jury selection -> opening statements
-> plaintiff's case-in-chief -> defense's case-in-chief -> prosecution
rebuttal -> defense surrebuttal -> closing arguments -> jury instructions -
> jury deliberation -> polling of jury.
◉ Polling of a jury Answer: after a jury's verdict has been announced, at the request of either party, the judge may ask each juror to confirm their
individual verdict and to confirm the jury's collective verdict.
◉ Transcript Elements Answer: title, index, stipulations, body, exhibits, certificate.
◉ errata page Answer: a page where the deponent can correct any errors they claim are present in the transcript.
◉ exhibit Answer: physical evidence presented to support testimony or introduce new evidence.
◉ Federal Code of Civil Procedure Rule 30 Answer: (Depositions Upon
Oral Examination) establishes pertinent rules to the taking of
depositions.
◉ swearing the witness Answer: via oath or affirmation
◉ protective order Answer: A court order to protect a person from
further harassment, service of process, or discovery (producing
documents or answers to interrogatories) that are considered oppressive
or burdensome.
◉ service of process Answer: giving notice to the court and the parties of the lawsuit of initial legal action in a lawsuit; the formal delivery of
pertinent documents (the complaint and/or summons) to the defendant.
◉ reporter's worksheet Answer: form that is completed at the time of the proceeding or from the reporter's notes, including date, time, location,
appearances, exhibits, and witnesses.
also known as information sheet, poop sheet, dog sheet, dope sheet, and
control sheet.
◉ rough draft transcript Answer: not fully edited; includes a disclaimer and header/footer indicating rough draft; does not include
title/appearance/certificate page.
◉ style of the deposition (caption or heading) Answer: includes the names of the parties, the venue, and the case number.
◉ voir dire Answer: speak the truth; jury selection; can also refer to the examination of expert witnesses as to their competency/qualifications.
◉ a fortiori Answer: with greater reason or more convincing force.
◉ aliunde Answer: from another source.
◉ allegation Answer: claim of fact made by a party in a pleading.
◉ allocution Answer: the court's inquiry as to whether the accused has
any legal cause to show why judgment should not be pronounced against
them on a verdict of conviction.
◉ amicus curiae Answer: friend of the court; one who volunteers information with the court's permission.
◉ annotations Answer: case summaries that are not official, but explain the statutes.
◉ answer Answer: defendant's pleading in response to the plaintiff's complaint.
◉ ante Answer: listed prior in the same index/material.
◉ appearance Answer: act of submitting oneself to the court officially,
usually by the attorney filling an appearance with the clerk.
◉ appellant Answer: the party seeking an appeal of the lower court's
decision.
◉ appellate court Answer: a court that hears appeals from a lower or trial court.
◉ arrearage Answer: unpaid/overdue monetary amount.
◉ asportation Answer: felonious removal of goods.
◉ attachment Answer: a lien secured by the plaintiff against the property
of the defendant.
◉ Bates stamp Answer: a number stamped on page of exhibits in preparation of a case for trial.
◉ battery Answer: intentional/wrongful physical contact.
◉ best evidence Answer: from the most reliable source (i.e. from an
original rather than a copy)
◉ Legal Citations
(i.e. Gurney v. Lester, 888 F. 2d 190, 191 (4th Cir. 1988) Answer: Name
of parties; Law Reporter Vol. No.; Law Reporter Name; Law Reporter
Series No.; Page No.; Page No.; Court; Year.)
◉ enjoin Answer: to stop a person from doing some act by court order.
◉ judgment Answer: formal decision given by court.
◉ peremptory challenge Answer: excusing a prospective juror without
explanation of reason.
◉ res ipsa loquitur Answer: the thing speaks for itself.
◉ detente Answer: to ease hostility/strained relations, especially
politically and between countries.
◉ obstinate Answer: stubbornly refusing to change one's opinion or course of action, despite attempts of persuasion.
◉ prerogative Answer: right or privilege exclusive to a particular class.
◉ unconscionable Answer: not right or reasonable.
◉ putative Answer: commonly accepted, generally regarded as such;
reputed.
◉ testamentary capacity Answer: The mental capacity (sound mind) of a person to make a will.
◉ occipital Answer: back of head/base of skull.
◉ proximal Answer: Closer to the origin of the body part or the point of
attachment of a limb.
◉ process (medical) Answer: projection.
◉ class action Answer: brought by a group having common
characteristics arising from a common legal position so that a court can
fairly adjudicate in a single proceeding.
◉ clemency Answer: leniency (i.e. commutation from death sentence to life imprisonment).
◉ code Answer: compilation of all existing law in effect in a particular jurisdiction.
◉ contumacy Answer: stubborn resistance to authority.
◉ corroboration Answer: that which strengthens or confirms.
◉ costs Answer: the expenses of a trial/proceeding charged to one or
both parties, excluding attorney fees.
◉ count Answer: distinct statement of plaintiff's cause of action (a complaint/indictment may contain multiple counts).
◉ counterclaim Answer: A claim made by a defendant in a civil lawsuit against the plaintiff. In effect, the defendant is suing the plaintiff.
◉ countermand Answer: a change of orders, authority, instruction previously given.
◉ court of record Answer: court that is required to make and preserve a record of proceedings.
◉ cross-complaint Answer: A complaint a defendant may file: (a)
against any party who filed against them; or (b) against anyone
(including persons not yet involved in the lawsuit) if able to set forth
cause of action.
◉ cross-examination Answer: interrogation of a witness on the other
side to test credibility.
◉ declaratory judgment Answer: an opinion of the court that declares the rights of parties or expresses some other opinion, but doesn't order
anything to be done.
◉ decree Answer: an order of a court, often the dissolution of a marriage.
◉ deed Answer: an instrument to transfer real estate.
◉ de facto Answer: in fact, in deed, actually.
◉ default Answer: a failure to perform some action within a specific
period of time; can result in a default judgment against the one who
failed to act.
◉ defendant Answer: one against whom the action is brought.
◉ de jure Answer: legitimate; lawful; total compliance with all
requirements of the law.
◉ de minimis Answer: insignificant; minute; frivolous.
