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SBS NAGAR, PUNJAB
UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING
SESSION:- 2023 - 2027
B.TECH.
3rd Semester { 2 nd year} COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING (ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE & MACHINE LEARNING) Assignment Open Source Software and Open Standards SUBMITTED BY SUBMITTED TO Name: Yashpal Singh Sukhwinder Kaur Roll No.: 23100010134 ( Professor, CSE, USET) Signature:_____________________________
LAMRIN TECH SKILLS UNIVERSITY
Ques 1: what is open source? Ans1: Open source refers to source code that is made available to the public for use, modification, and distribution. Key Characteristics of Open Source:
- Accessibility: The source code or content is accessible to anyone.
- Collaboration: Developers and users can contribute to the project, suggesting improvements, fixing bugs, or adding new features.
- Transparency: The development process is transparent, allowing others to see how the software works and how decisions are made.
- Freedom to Modify: Users are free to modify the software to suit their needs.
- Redistribution: Modified versions of the software can be shared with others. Ques 2: what is open source Software? Ans 2: Open source software is a type of software where the source code is made freely available to the public. This means that anyone can view, modify, distribute, and use the software without restriction. The open- source model encourages collaboration, allowing developers and users from around the world to contribute to the software's development, improvement, and customization. Open-source software (OSS) is computer software that is released under a license that allows users to use, study, change, and distribute the software and its source code to anyone and for any purpose. The copyright holder grants these rights to users. Open-source software licenses are legal agreements that establish the rules for how users can access and change open-source software code.
copyleft, which means code can be combined with open-source or proprietary code.
- Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD) A family of permissive licenses that allow users to freely modify and distribute software code in the source or binary format. Users must retain a copy of the copyright notice, list of conditions, and the disclaimer. The most commonly used BSD license is the 3-clause Modified BSD License, which removes the advertising clause. Ques 2: Difference between open source and closed source software with different parameter. Ans 2: Open Source Software Open source software refers to computer software whose source is open means the general public can access and use it. In short, it is referred to as OSS. The source code of open-source software is public. It uses the code freely available on the Internet. This code can be modified by other users and organizations means that the source code is available for anyone to look at. The price of open source software is very low and there are not so many restrictions on users based on usability and software modification. Some examples of open-source software are Firefox, OpenOffice, Gimp, Alfresco, Android, Zimbra, Thunderbird, MySQL, Mailman, Moodle, TeX, Samba, Perl, PHP, KDE etc. Advantages of Open Source Software
- Cost: Open-source software is generally free, which means organizations can use it without any licensing fees.
- Customization: Since the source code is available, developers can modify and customize the software to meet specific requirements.
- Community Support: Open-source software has a large community of users who contribute to documentation, bug fixes, and improvements.
- Security: With open-source software, the community can detect and fix security vulnerabilities quickly.
- Transparency: Since the source code is open, users can see how the software works and what data it collects. Disadvantages of Open Source Software
- Limited Technical Support: While there is a large community of users who can help troubleshoot issues, there is no guarantee of professional technical support.
- Complexity: Open-source software can be more difficult to set up and configure than closed-source software, especially for users who are not experienced in software development.
- Lack of Features: Open-source software may not have all the features that are available in closed-source software, especially for niche or specialized industries.
- Closed Source Software Closed source software refers to computer software whose source code is closed means the public is not given access to the source code. In short it is referred as CSS. In closed source software the source code is protected. The only individual or organization who has created the
- Vendor Lock-In : Organizations that use closed source software may become dependent on the vendor and find it difficult to switch to another software.
- Limited Customization: Closed source software may not be as customizable as open source software, which can be a disadvantage for organizations with specific requirements.
- Lack of Transparency: Since the source code is not available, users cannot see how the software works or what data it collects, which may raise privacy concerns. Similarities between Open Source Software and Closed Source Software
- Both can be used to perform a wide range of tasks and support a variety of applications.
- Both can be designed to work on multiple operating systems, including Windows, Linux, and macOS.
- Both can be used to support mission-critical applications and services.
- Both can be optimized for performance, scalability, and security.
- Both can be accessed and managed remotely using a variety of tools and interfaces.
- Both can be updated and maintained regularly to fix bugs, add new features, and improve performance. Open Source Software VS Closed Source Software
S.No.
OPEN SOURCE
SOFTWARE
CLOSED SOURCE
SOFTWARE
Open source software refers to the computer software which source is open means the general public can access and use. Closed source software refers to the computer software which source code is closes means public is not given access to the source code.
Open Source Software in short also referred as OSS. Closed Source Software in short also referred as CSS.
The source code of open source software is public. In closed source software the source code is protected.
This code can be modified by other users and organizations means that the source code is available for anyone to look at. The only individual or organization who has created the software can only modify the code.
The price of open source software is very less. The price of closed source software is high.
There is no so much restrictions on users based on usability and modification of software. There is so much restrictions on users based on usability and modification of software.
S.No.
OPEN SOURCE
SOFTWARE
CLOSED SOURCE
SOFTWARE
Examples are Firefox, OpenOffice, Gimp, Alfresco, Android, Zimbra, Thunderbird, MySQL, Mailman, Moodle, TeX, Samba, Perl, PHP, KDE etc. Examples are Skype, Google earth, Adobe Flash, Virtual Box, Adobe Reader, Microsoft office, Microsoft Windows, WinRAR, mac OS, Adobe Flash Player etc. Conclusion Choice between open-source software and closed-source software depends on the needs of the organization. Open-source software is a good choice for smaller organizations with limited budgets, while closed-source software is better suited for larger organizations that require enterprise-level features and support. Ultimately, both types of software have their advantages and disadvantages, and organizations should carefully consider their options before making a decision. Ques 4: Name of opensource software in terms of Internet Browser, Operating System, Application System. Ans 4: open-source Internet browsers: Mozilla Firefox:
- A popular and widely used open-source web browser developed by Mozilla Foundation. Known for its strong emphasis on privacy, security, and customizability. Brave:
- A privacy-centric browser that blocks ads and trackers by default, while offering features for a more secure browsing experience. Chromium
- The open-source project behind Google Chrome. It provides the same core browsing engine as Chrome but without proprietary features and tracking. Tor Browser:
- A privacy-focused browser based on Firefox that routes your traffic through the Tor network to anonymize your internet usage. Pale Moon:
- A browser with a focus on customization and performance, based on an older version of Firefox. Midori:
- A lightweight and fast browser designed to be simple and efficient. Otter Browser:
- A browser inspired by the classic Opera 12.x, aiming to recreate some of the features and UI. Luakit:
- A highly configurable and lightweight web browser framework using WebKit. . GNU IceCat:
- A free software version of Mozilla Firefox, developed by the GNU Project, with additional privacy and freedom-enhancing features.
Open-source Operating System:
The open-source operating system allows the use of code that is freely distributed and available to anyone and for commercial purposes. Being
system. It is an Ubuntu-based distribution that is popular among both beginners and experts. It is built on the Debian platform and includes one of the most powerful software managers. It is more stable and has better visual aesthetics than Ubuntu. Fedora: Fedora is another popular Linux-based operating system, and it is widely considered the best open-source operating system after Ubuntu. It is an RPM-based general-purpose operating system that is supported by Red Hat and built by the Fedora Project community. Its purpose is to develop and share cutting-edge open-source technology for free. As a result, Fedora developers prefer to make upstream improvements rather than create fixes specifically for Fedora. Fedora developers' updates are available to all Linux distributions. It has a GNOME-based desktop that may be customized. Fedora comes with a customizable GNOME-based desktop. Its Fedora Spins feature allows you to customize and run several user interfaces and desktop environments. React OS: ReactOS is another free and open-source operating system that has nearly 1 million downloads in over 100 countries. This community- based OS may run Windows apps, making it an excellent alternative to the Windows operating system. Although ReactOS is still growing, users, who love highly customizable operating systems, can select ReactOS. However, the operating system is developer-focused. Solus: Solus is a free and open-source operating system for your desktop computer. It's a new operating system from the Linux family, released
in 2012. More than 6000 registered users are currently using the software. VLC, XChat, Transmission, Thunderbird, OpenShot Video Editor, Firefox, Budgie desktop environment, and LibreOffice Suite are all included with Solus. The most recent version of Solus, Solus 3 , was released in August 2017. Chrome OS: Chrome OS is a partly open-source operating system with various attractive features. It's a part of the Chromium and Linux families, with features including better security, compatibility for supported Android and Chrome apps, Aura windows manager, Google cloud print, integrated media player, virtual desktop access, and cloud-based management. The only issue with the operating system is that it only supports Nexus devices or its hardware. As a result, if you're a Google fan, you'll love Chrome OS on a Chromebook. open-source Application System: Open-source application systems encompass a wide range of software applications designed to fulfill various needs, from office productivity to media editing and development tools.
1. LibreOffice - A powerful office suite that includes tools for word processing, spreadsheets, presentations, and more. 2. GIMP (GNU Image Manipulation Program) - A versatile image editor used for tasks such as photo retouching, image composition, and graphic design. 3. VLC Media Player - A highly popular and flexible media player that supports a wide range of audio and video formats.
