Writing a Literature Review: A Step-by-Step Guide for Students, Schemes and Mind Maps of Literature

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Writing a Literature

Review: How to

Get Started

MONIQUE TURNER, M.A. DEPARTMENT OF PSYCHOLOGY

Agenda

I. Introduction to IV/DVs

II. Review Research Summary Template

III. Review Research Paper Outline

IV. Writing your Literature Review

V. Helpful Resources

I. Integrated Article Review Worksheet (PEGS,

II. Appendices

Literature Review Key Steps

1. Search for relevant literature
2. Evaluate sources
3. Identify themes, debates, and gaps
4. Outline the structure
5. Write your literature review

Independent Variables

IV: Variable that is

manipulated in order to

identify the effect observed in

the DV.

 Quasi/Experimental &

Controlled (control

variable)

SPSS Training Club (Summer, 2020)

Examples of IV’s & DV’s

 You want to study whether caffeine-intake affects your appetite.  A scientist studies how many days people can eat soup until they get sick.  Does anxiety impact student’s working memory? SPSS Training Club (Summer, 2020)

Reference Summary

Chart

Operational Definitions of Variables

Set of procedures used to measure and manipulate it Examples: happiness, cognitive task of performance, self-esteem Variables need to be operationalized to be studied empirically.

Operational Definitions: Flowchart

Wellness Psychological (DV) Age differences (IV1) Listening to music/singing (IV2) Adults 2 - 3 times a week^ 3 - 5 times a week More than 6 times week Children

Hypotheses

NULL HYPOTHESES  Designated by: H  The null hypothesis states equality, there are no differences. RESEARCH HYPOTHESES  Designated by: H  The research hypothesis is a statement of what a hypothesis test is set up to establish; states the inequality  Opposite of Null Hypothesis.  Only shown if H0 is rejected.  Scientist goal of research.

Operational Definitions: Flowchart

Wellness Psychological (DV) Age differences (IV1) Listening to music/singing (IV2) 18 - 29 years old 2 - 3 times a week^ 3 - 5 times a week More than 6 times week 30 years +

Summary of a Good Hypothesis:

 Be stated in declarative form. (not a question)

 Clearly describes a relationship between the

variables

 Reflect a theory or body of literature

 Brief and to the point

 Be testable.

(Salkind, 2009)

Introduction

Research Template

Outline

INTRODUCTION ONLY AND SAMPLES

Writing Your Literature Review APA STYLE, 7 TH EDITION HTTPS://APASTYLE.APA.ORG/