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Oregon Pesticide Laws & Safety: A Guide for Applicators, Study Guides, Projects, Research of Pest Management

Virginia State University (VSU)Pest Management

This study guide provides a comprehensive overview of oregon pesticide laws and safety regulations. It covers topics such as pesticide types, licensing requirements, worker protection standards, environmental protection, and pesticide application techniques. The guide is designed to help individuals understand their responsibilities and ensure safe and responsible pesticide use.

Typology: Study Guides, Projects, Research

2024/2025

Available from 11/07/2024

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Oregon Pesticide Laws and Safety Study Guide
1.Pesticides: include herbicides,
insecticides, fungicides, rodenticides,
and many other substances used to kill,
harm, or repel pests.
2.General Use Pesticides: may be bought over the counter without a
pesticide license.
3.Restricted Use Pesticides (RUPs): are a category of products that pose
a higher risk to people, animals, or the environment. They can only be
purchased by a person with a pesticide license; use requires supervision
by a licensed applicator.
4.Pesticide CERTIFICATION: the process of demonstrating a person
knows how to handle and apply pesticides in a safe and responsible
manner. valid for up to five
(5) years
5.Pesticide LICENSING: the process to obtain the actual license that
shows that a person has met certification requirements to make specific
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1

Oregon Pesticide Laws and Safety Study Guide

  1. Pesticides: include herbicides, insecticides, fungicides, rodenticides, and many other substances used to kill, harm, or repel pests.
  2. General Use Pesticides: may be bought over the counter without a pesticide license.
  3. Restricted Use Pesticides (RUPs): are a category of products that pose a higher risk to people, animals, or the environment. They can only be purchased by a person with a pesticide license; use requires supervision by a licensed applicator.
  4. Pesticide CERTIFICATION: the process of demonstrating a person knows how to handle and apply pesticides in a safe and responsible manner. valid for up to five (5) years
  5. Pesticide LICENSING: the process to obtain the actual license that shows that a person has met certification requirements to make specific

2 pesticide applications under that license.

  1. PRIVATE PESTICIDE APPLICATOR LICENSE: needed to purchase, apply, or supervise the use of restricted-use pesticides (RUPs) on land in agricultural produc- tion that a person, or their employer owns, leases, or rents. This includes farmland, rangeland, forests, greenhouses, nurseries, orchards, etc.
  2. IMMEDIATELY SUPERVISED Pesticide TRAINEE LICENSE: for individuals who work under the supervision of a Commercial or Public Pesticide Applicator.
  • Must be on-site at all times with the trainee when making pesticide applications, and
  • Be able to reach the trainee's location within five minutes.
  • No required exam Trainees may only make applications within their supervisor's categories.
  • The supervising applicator is responsible for training the Immediately Supervised Trainee
  1. PESTICIDE APPRENTICE LICENSE: individuals who work under the supervi- sion of a Commercial or Public Pesticide Applicator.
  • The supervising applicator does not need to be onsite when the

4

  • Use or supervise the use of restricted-use pesticides, (RUPs) and/or;
  • Use machine-powered equipment to apply any pesticides (general or restricted)
  • Apply pesticides (including organic and 25b products) on the property of any Oregon pre-kindergarten, public and private K-12 schools, community colleges, federal Head Start programs, Oregon School for the Deaf, Oregon Youth Authority residential academy, or education service districts
  • Required exam: Laws & Safety and at least one category exam.
  1. COMMERCIAL PESTICIDE APPLICATOR LICENSE: Apply or supervise the application of ANY pesticide (general use, restricted use, organic, and 25b prod- ucts) on the land or property of others while employed by a Commercial Pesticide Operator
  2. IPM: IPM is a common-sense strategy that integrates multiple tactics to reduce pest populations to an acceptable level. Strategies include sanitation, pest exclusion, cultural, biological, mechanical, chemical control. IPM weighs the risks and benefits of pest reduction methods to determine the most environmentally and economically sound manner to manage pests

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  1. Worker Protection Standard WPS: protection of employees on farms, and in forests, nurseries, and greenhouses from occupational exposure to agricultural pesticides
  2. WPS Agricultural Workers: performing tasks related to the cultivation and harvesting of plants, including pruning, sucker removal, watering, and potting
  3. WPS Pesticide Handlers: assigned to mix, load, or apply agricultural pesticides; enter greenhouses to operate ventilation equipment after applications; handle equip- ment with residues; adjust or remove soil fumigant coverings, etc.
  4. Pesticide drift: the unintentional diffusion of pesticides and the potential nega- tive effects of pesticide application—including: off-target contamination due to spray drift as well as runoff from plants/soil.
  5. Particle Drift: small liquid/dust droplets or particles are easiest to move away from targeted area. USE largest droplet size that gives best pest control as label allows.
  6. Vapor Drift: vapor containing the pesticide active ingredient moves off the application site. usually through evaporation
  7. How to avoid drift?: check weather conditions, equipment; larger

7

  1. Restricted entry interval REI: All WPS qualified pesticides have labels which indicate when it is safe to enter the area after its application. Workers may not enter the area without special preparation
  2. Hazard communication standard HCS: requires employers to train their em- ployees to recognize chemical hazards - using the information provided on product labels and in safety data sheets - and to take the necessary precautions to protect themselves.
  3. Section 3: ORS 634Oregon Revised statutes- State Pesticide Control: must be registered with ODA after EPA registers them
  4. Section 24(c): Special local needs. If a pest causes serious damage to a crop and there is no pesticide already registered to control it. FIFRA allows states to give out. must have the supplemental label when applying
  5. Personal protective equipment (PPE): special clothing or equipment that protects from pesticide exposure. coveralls, protective suits, gloves aprons, respira- tors eye ware etc must.
  6. Exposure: how much chemical contacted the body surface
  7. Dose: the amount of chemical absorbed into the body (through skin, eye, gut, lung)

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  1. toxicity: how a substance adversely affects a living system dose-time relation- ship
  2. acute exposure: one time or limited exposure to a pesticide
  3. chronic exposure: contact to a pesticide over a period of time
  4. acute toxicity: effects that appear within minutes/days after exposure. how poisonous a substance is after an acute exposure- Basis for the warning statements on a label.
  5. Risk?: = Toxicity + Exposure. how poisonous, the amount and route of exposure
  6. Routes of entry: Dermal, inhalation, oral and ocular
  7. factors that affect toxicity (3): route of entry, frequency and duration of expo- sure, does
  8. Lethal dose fifty (LD50): the does of pesticide that kills half of animals (50%) in a does response study.
  9. Category highly toxic: Signal word DANGER POISON! very small oral/skin dose can kill a person (drops-teaspoon)
  10. Category Moderately toxic: Signal word Warning! small oral dose can kill a person (over teaspoon-1 ounce)
  11. Category slightly toxic: Signal word Caution! (over 1 ounce-1 pint/lb)

10

  1. how to protect bee's from pesticide: right pesticide/right application, DON't spray or allow pesticide to drift onto crops in bloom. spray when bees are not active, don't treat near hives.
  2. why use IPM?: Balanced ecosystem, pesticides might not work, saves money
  3. basic steps of IPM?: prevent pest buildup, monitor pests, assess, decide best action
  4. when to control pests based on IPM?: control after pest density has passed economic threshold, before economic injury level
  5. economic threshold: pest numbers reach a level above which there is a risk to that the grower could lose money.
  6. economic injury: when pest numbers surpass economic threshold than the cost of control is equal to the value of the yield or quality that you would lose without control measures
  7. When should you read the label?: Before buying, mixing, applying or storing pesticides
  8. label is the: law, reviewed by the EPA
  9. whats in a label?: chemical names, directions, signal words, PPE, EPA regis- tration and establishment number

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  1. signal word?: shows the pesticides acute toxicity
  2. ingredient statement: contents of the pesticide product, details active ingredi- ents and amount of each ingredient in a percent form
  3. Registration number: EPA registration number must appear on the label. It indicates that the product has been registered and approved by the EPA
  4. Establishment Number: identifies the facility where the pesticide was produced
  5. Storage and disposal: store herbicides away from other pesticides and seeds, store above 32F, do not reuse container, triple-rinse and dispose in approved landfill.
  6. phytotoxicicty: toxic effect by a compound on plant growth
  7. systemic insecticide: insecticide taken up by plant or animal that needs pro- tection. pesticide moves throughout host and when feed on by the pest it swallows the pesticide and is affected
  8. Broad spectrum insecticide: insecticide that can kill many different types of insects. attack a system common to all. (nervous system)
  9. residual insecticide: insecticides that stay active for a long time. useful when an insect is a constant problem

13

  1. Solutions S: active ingredient dissolve readily in petroleum or water based solutions. when mixed with a solvent they form a solution that does not settle out or separate. advantage: Ready-to-Use (RTU) no mixing, low concentrate designed to be sprayed as purchased. Disadvantage: costly for the amount of active ingredient, few uses
  2. Dusts (D): finely ground, dry mixture combining a low concentration of the pesticide with an inert carrier such as talc, clay, or volcanic ash. ready to use as purchased and require no mixing. may drift long distances. for spot treatments and home gardens
  3. Granules (G): dry, ready-to-use, low concentrate mixtures of pesticide. in a granular formulation each about the same size. Granules are ready to use as purchased, little toxic dust to drift up, use seeders or fertilizer spreaders. dont stick to foliage
  4. Wettable or Soluble Powders (WP or SP): dry preparations containing a relatively high concentration of pesticides. dissolve in water to form solutions. safer, dont absorb through the skin as rapidly, easily measured and mixed. hazardous to the applicator if concentrated dust is inhaled.
  5. calibrating finding gallons per acre: sq ft per acre, speed of sprayer,

14 width of spray boom, delivery rate of sprayer

  1. factors that affect delivery rate (output): speed, nozzle size/amount, pres- sure,
  2. Section 18: Emergency exemption. pest crisis with no registered pesticide to control it, could cause economic loss. there is a pesticide that could control but it hasnt been registered with EPA. ODA must prove to EPA the emergency
  3. Section 25(b): some pesticides do not need federal or Oregon registration and are exempt. low risk ingredients
  4. microencapsolated pesticide: tiny particles or droplets are surrounded by a coating to give small capsules. capsule wall breaks down and slowly releases the active ingredient. Microencapsulated materials have several advantages: Highly toxic materials are safer for applicators to mix and apply. dis adv,- bees can mistake them for pollen bringing them back to the hive killing the colony
  5. most common routes of pesticide exposure?: Dermal and inhalation
  6. what to do when you have been exposed to pesticides?: call Oregon Poison control/ Doctor
  7. When not to induce vomiting when pesticide has been swallowed?: