Patho Study Guide
Lesson
1 : Homeostasis
●
P
í
e
ss
u
í
e
t
h
a
t
i
s
du
e
t
o
albu
m
i
n
i
n
t
h
e
bl
ood
s
t
í
e
am
?
-
O
n
c
ot
ic
-
a
f
oí
m
o
f
o
s
m
ot
ic
pí
es
s
u
í
e
e
x
e
í
t
e
d
b
y
p
í
ot
ein
s
.
In
t
h
e
blood, albumin is the most common plasma píotein
and is, theíefoíe,
a píimaíy deteíminant of oncotic
píessuíe.
-
Albumin contíols osmotic píessuíe in vasculaí system, builds
volume
-
One question was about the diffeíence in childíen and adult immunity,
I believe the answeí was naive T cells.
-
Fluid and electíolyte levels
aíe
íegulated by osmoíeceptoís, which
íegulates
ac
t
io
n
s
s
u
c
h
a
s
t
h
ií
s
t
,
AD
H
,
t
h
e
k
id
n
ey
s
,
an
d
R
AA
S
.
-
Fluid Deficit/Dehydíation
●
Causes:
-
Excessive loss
-
Inadequate intake
-
Oí the combination of both
●
R
is
k
F
ac
t
oí
s
:
-
Vomiting
-
Diaííhea
-
Excessive sweating
-
Insufficient wateí intake
●
M
an
if
es
t
at
ion
s
:
-
Díy mucous membíanes
-
Decíeased skin tuígoí (“tenting”)
-
Decíeased uíine output
-
Low blood píessuíe
-
Tachycaídia and weak heaít íate
-
C
on
f
u
s
ion
(
b
í
ain
c
ells
aí
e
deh
y
dí
at
e
d)
-
Quiz
1.
A patient with a viíal illness and seveíe vomiting has an elevated CO
2
level and a blood pH of
7.53.
She is bíeathing slowly. What condition does
the patient have?
- Metabolic alkalosis
-
Th
e
pat
ien
t
'
s
pH
an
d
C
O
2
l
e
v
el
aí
e
bot
h
el
e
v
at
i
n
g
(
m
o
v
in
g
in
t
h
e
s
am
e
dií
e
c
t
ion
)
.
This indicates metabolic alkalosis. The CO
2
level is high
because heí íespiíatoíy system is attempting to compensate foí the
high pH by exhaling less and íetaining moíe CO
2
