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PECT Prek-4 Modules 1,2,3 Sample Test
Howard Gardner's theory Of Multiple Intelligences focuses primarily on which of the following aspects of education? - correct answer the various ways in which children think and learn A PreK-4 teacher can best create a culturally inclusive classroom environment for all students by regularly: - correct answer encouraging students to share information about their cultures with the class A Kindergarten teacher observes two children playing together. The children are attempting to use blocks and other play materials to build a bridge for their toy cars. The first bridge that they build collapses when they begin to roll the toy cars across it. Which of the following teacher questions would best promote the development of the students reasoning and problem-solving skills? - correct answer Why do you think the bridge fell over? How can you build the bridge differently? Children who demonstrate typical language development most often begin using two word utterances between the ages of: - correct answer 18 to 24 months As second-grade students are learning a new science concept, the teacher helps them acquire knowledge and skills that they could not acquire on their own by using prompts, giving suggestions, providing feedback, and modeling activities. In this situation, which of the following strategies is the teacher primarily using to foster students cognitive development? - correct answer scaffolding A PreK teacher wants to establish a classroom environment in which spontaneous play is encouraged and play is recognized and valued as meaningful learning. Which of the following strategies would likely be most effective for the teacher to use to achieve this goal? - correct answer ensuring that a variety of materials are available in the classroom for students to try out and explore during playtime Prek-4 teachers have the goal of being culturally competent educators who use an understanding of diversity among young children to plan developmentally, culturally, and linguistically appropriate instruction that meets the needs of all their students. The most important FIRST step for the teachers to take in achieving this
goal is to: - correct answer examine their own cultures and beliefs and their impact on interactions with students According the convergent research, which of the following factors has been shown to have the greatest effect on a child's language development? - correct answer the amount of verbal input the child receives from caregivers and others Which of the following is an essential component of a formative assessment? - correct answer monitoring and adjusting a teaching strategy during the learning process based on individual students needs A third-grade teacher develops an assessment for a particular unit prior to writing up the daily lesson plans for the unit. The most important advantage of this approach is that it helps the teacher: - correct answer align daily lessons and activities with the targeted learning outcomes Which of the following assessment practices would be considered ethical? - correct answer using ongoing informal assessments of students learning to guide the instructional process A fourth-grade teacher uses a variety of techniques, including questioning and journal prompts, to check for students understanding of content area instruction. Which of the following outcomes is likely to be the most important benefit of this strategy? - correct answer helping the teacher identify areas where students may need additional reinforcement A kindergarten teacher frequently uses home-school notebooks to communicate with families about their children's progress. For example, the teacher and family of one student recently used such a notebook to keep one another informed about the students progress in mastering specific self-help skills. This approach is likely to be most effective in promoting which of the following outcomes? - correct answer establishing partnerships with families in the assessment of their children's learning and development Using spreadsheet software to maintain students performance data is likely to provide a teacher with the most support in which of the following areas? - correct answer identifying specific gaps in students learning
A kindergarten teacher works with two students who are ELLS who have no prior exposure to English. She exposes them to natural English in meaningful contexts but does not push them to contribute to discussion. She allows them to respond to questions nonverbally or with one word answers. The teacher's actions best demonstrate her awareness that second-language learners often: - correct answer go through a silent period during which they produce very little oral language Which of the following characteristics would indicate atypical cognitive development in a four-year-old child? - correct answer having difficulty matching a toy car to a picture of a car A kindergarten teacher is planning to read aloud a picture book to the class. One of the students in the class has a visual impairment that severely limits vision to several inches. Which of the following accommodations would best help this student participate in this activity? - correct answer providing an individual copy of the book to the student to look at An IEP annual review meeting has been scheduled for a second grade student who is currently placed in a general education classroom full-time. Which of the following elements of the review is mostly likely to be provided by the students general education teacher? - correct answer a description of the present level of performance the student has achieved Which of the following statements accurately describes a central principal of the family systems theory? - correct answer Individual family members are mutually influenced by and dependent on one another In support of a school wide initiative to enhance the learning environment for students with disabilities, fourth grade teachers will be participating in regular meeting with special education professionals. The primary focus of these meetings should be to: - correct answer examine the effectiveness of current practices in meeting the needs of students with disabilities and make adjustments as needed Federal law allows schools to disclose information in a students educational records without parental consent to which of the following individuals? - correct answer educators with legitimate educational interest in the student
A new third grade teacher believes that too much instructional time is being used each day to pass out students graded work, so the teacher decides to put graded papers in a basket for students to pick up on their own throughout the day. This action is considered inappropriate primarily because it: - correct answer infringes on the students right to privacy A kindergarten teacher's weekly newsletter includes information about community programs and special events that are designed specifically for children. This practice is likely to be most effective in helping the teacher achieve which of the following goals? - correct answer connecting families with resources to help promote their children's learning and development During a routine parent-teacher conference, a student's parent confides to the teacher about a recent job loss. The single parent, with an infant and toddler at home, explains that child care, health insurance, and housing are no longer affordable. In this situation, the teachers most important priority should be to: - correct answer connect the parent to available support services in the community Which of the following preconditions is most essential to effective collaboration among a group of teacher with diverse philosophies and teaching styles? - correct answer recognizing that they have a common goal of educating the students entrusted to their care A new teacher regularly write in a teaching journal. In addition to considering the success of his lessons, the teacher reflects on his interactions with students and on how his thoughts and actions during these interactions were culturally motivated. This strategy best demonstrates the teacher's awareness of which of the following principals? - correct answer Personal values and beliefs can influence a teacher's communicate practices A kindergarten teacher who wants to provide a positive social context for learning decides that one way to do this is to ensure educational equity for all students. The teacher can best promote such equity by: - correct answer providing all students with support in meeting high standards of achievement A teacher learns that the district is considering requiring all first grade students to engage in academic testing that the teacher believes is developmentally inappropriate. In this situation, the teacher can best serve as an advocate for students by taking which of the following actions FIRST? - correct answer talking to the school principal about the issue
interests and working with the library media specialist to locate appropriate level books on these topics A third grade teacher regularly models for students how to paraphrase a portion of a text and how to pose and respond to questions that clarify or follow up on information presented in a text. These practices promote student literacy development primarily by: - correct answer promoting their development of self monitoring skills that support reading and learning across the curriculum A first grade teacher explains that he is going to read a story aloud and he wants student to consider how the story makes them feel. Afterward, he prompts the students to recall and discuss specific words and phrases the author used to evoke particular feelings. This oral language activity supports students literacy development primarily by helping the students: - correct answer develop awareness of the story's tone A kindergarten teacher has placed many signs around the classroom, including simple written directions (i.e please hang up coats) and labels objects. During daily activities, the teacher regularly points to and reads aloud relevant signs. The teacher has also created a classroom library filled with age-appropriate books and had incorporated relevant signs and books into all the learning centers. These strategies are most effective in addressing which of the following goals related to effective classroom instruction in emergent literacy? - correct answer creating a print-rich environment At the beginning of the school year, a kindergarten teacher establishes a variety of classroom roles that rotate on a daily basis. The rules include calendar helper and star of the day. The calendar helper identifies and announces the day of the week, the date, and they day's weather, with teacher support if needed. The star of the day shares an object, talking briefly about the item and then answering three questions about it from classmates. Regularly performing these types of classroom roles directly benefits students emergent literacy development primarily by enhancing the students: - correct answer ability to use a range of expressive language skills In keeping with Pennsylvania's PreK-4 learning standards in language arts, which of the following writing skills would be most appropriate to include in language arts instruction at the first grade level? - correct answer revising writing by adding details or missing information
A teacher delivering standards-based literacy instruction grounded in scientific based reading research is most likely to use the results of reading assessments for which of the following purposes? - correct answer using ongoing informal assessments to continually plan and modify individual students reading goals and instruction A group of primary grade teacher is reviewing potential core instructional materials for teaching beginning-reading skills. The most important selection criteria for the teachers to consider would be to ensure that the materials: - correct answer are aligned with relevant state learning standards Which of the following words contain a diphthong? - correct answer boiled A preK teacher regularly writes students comments on chart paper during whole- class discussions and rereads the comments to the class. This practice supports young children's emergent literacy development primarily by promoting their: - correct answer awareness of the relationship between print and spoken language A kindergarten teacher reads aloud a poem that contains alliteration in each line. The teacher reads the poem twice, each time emphasizing the alliteration. On the third reading, the teacher invites the children to repeat each line exactly as the teacher recited it. This activity is most effective in promoting the children's development in which of the following areas of emergent literacy? - correct answer Phonological awareness A third grade student is having difficulty reading words and syllables that contain complex letter combinations, which is affecting her comprehension of grade-level texts. For example, the student reads the words stretch as {st} {ret} {ch} and the word pledge {p{ {led} {guh}. Which of the following intervention strategies is likely to be most effective in addressing the student's reading difficulty and advancing her reading development? - correct answer providing the student with instruction and practice decoding consonant and clusters as chunks A second grade student frequently makes errors such was reading the words taped as tapped, hoping as hopping, and shines as shins when reading aloud. Which of the following approaches to addressing the student's difficulty is likely to be most effective? - correct answer providing the student with explicit review and practice reading and spelling of CVCe words that contain inflectional endings
motivation and comprehension primarily in which of the following ways? - correct answer by helping students establish a purpose for reading the text prior to reading A second grade teacher is planning to read aloud a story to the class and would like to use this activity to reinforce and build on students literacy analysis skills. Which of the following strategies would likely be most appropriate and effective in achieving this goal at this grade level? - correct answer guiding students to identify the main characters and major events in the story A third grade teacher would like to monitor students progress in meeting reading fluency benchmarks. Which of the following assessment strategies would be most appropriate and effective for the teacher to use for this purpose? - correct answer measuring students average rate and accuracy while they read aloud an unfamiliar grade-level passage A fourth grade teacher would like to promote a students comprehension and critical analysis of literacy tests by helping them draw more effective conclusions. The teacher could best achieve this goal by proving the students with explicit instruction and guided practice in: - correct answer citing evidence from a text to support their responses to the text Once a week, a second-grade teacher conducts a fluency check with each student. The teacher has the student read aloud an unfamiliar, appropriate-level passage for one minute as the teacher notes errors on a separate copy of the passage. The teacher calculates the number of words the student read correctly during that minute, and both the teacher and the student maintain charts of the student's weekly progress. This type of activity primarily focuses on which of the following aspects of reading fluency? - correct answer rate A third grade teacher would like to develop students ability to understand and use longer sentence structures and academic vocabulary. Which of the following instructional practices would be most effective to use for this purpose during a class discussion of a reading passage? - correct answer using restatement and open- ended questions to clarify and extend students remarks about the passage As part of a science unit on earth systems, a fourth grade teacher will have students watch an instructional video about the water cycle. Before viewing, the teacher conducts a brief guided discussion related to the content of the video, using questions such as " what are some ways water moves from place to place on, above, and below the earth surface?" The teacher's strategy will likely enhance
students comprehension of the video primarily in which of the following ways? - correct answer by relating the content to prior knowledge and engaging student in actively listening for information At the beginning go an inquiry-based multidisciplinary unit on bird of the region, a first grade teacher creates a display in the classroom of a variety of objects related to the topic and gives students a brief tour of the new objects. Which of the following strategies for incorporating the objects into instruction would be most effective for promoting the research and skills of students at this developmental level? - correct answer having students describe, draw, and sort selected objects fro the collections Following a class visit to a local wildlife preserve, a second grade teacher has students write an original folktale that takes place in that setting. Learning to use which of the following tools would be most helpful to students as they begin to develop ideas for their writing? - correct answer story map Which of the following activities would best help third graders develop an awareness of audience in order to improve the clarity of their writing? - correct answer Participating with other students in peer reviews of their drafts Which of the following activities would best help fourth graders apply their knowledge of oral language to promote their understanding of punctuation conventions used in writing? - correct answer reading their writing aloud, making note of pauses and intonation patterns Results from informal assessments indicate that a second grade student who is a struggling reader still relies mostly on invented spelling when writing. Based on this evidence, which of the following types of interventions would best address the students needs? - correct answer providing intensive instruction in complex phonics patterns A fourth grade teacher creates a rubric of key criteria she will share with her students to asses their written work. The rubric defines the teacher's expectations regarding content, style, organization, and mechanics using a measurable description of the key criteria. This approach to assessing students writing is most effective for: - correct answer guiding instructional planning and student learning in writing
A third grade teacher is planning instruction on the roles of the three branches of U.S government. Which of the following strategies would be most appropriate for the teacher to use to promote students understanding of the role of the legislative branch? - correct answer having students work in groups to create a set of classroom rules Second grade students are painting scenes from a recent field trip to a historic site. As the teacher observes their work, he says to one student, "Jeff I see the different shades of green you are using to paint the leaves and the grass." This comment most supports Jeff's creative development because: - correct answer it values the process as well as the product A preK teacher guides students in learning to sing "The farmer in the Dell" by providing props such as a star hat for the farmer and a cow bell for the cow. The children's use of these props is most likely to encourage their development of: - correct answer symbolic understanding Dancers are most likely to use improvisation exercises as a way to: - correct answer discover new ways of moving and communicating meaning A second grade teacher uses rhyming chants and songs describing animals during a lesson on the different characteristics of mammals, reptiles, and amphibians. This use of music to convey information will most likely contribute to students learning in which of the following ways? - correct answer enhancing students ability to remember content vocabulary An understanding that individual musical notes represent different tones would most likely help an emergent reader develop an understanding of the relationship between individual letters and which of the following elements of language - correct answer phonemes A PreK teacher gathers samples of students artwork in individual student portfolios during the course of the school year. At the end of the year, the teacher can most effectively use the portfolios for which of the following purposes? - correct answer documenting students development Which of the following types of drawing is most likely to develop children's observation skills? - correct answer self-portrait
A student is setting a table in the kitchen center of a prekindergarten classroom. The student sets four plates on the table and then places one spoon beside each plate. The teacher sits down next to the student. Which of the following comments by the teacher would likely be most effective for extending the student's thinking during this dramatic play experience? - correct answer "what kind of meal are you going to serve?" An understanding of which of the following mathematical concepts is most helpful when working with probabilities? - correct answer ratios and proportions A venn diagram would be most appropriate for visually representing which of the following problems? - correct answer What are the common multiples of 2,3,5 that are less than 40? A teacher wants to help students develop their understanding of the relative magnitude of numbers. Which os the following types of mathematics learning materials would be most effective for the teacher to use for this purpose? - correct answer number lines Which of the following strategies is most appropriate for solving the problem below? One week Liam baked some cookies and gave half off them away. The nest week Liam baked twice as many cookies as the week before and gave half of them away. The third week Liam again baked twice as many cookies as the week before and gave half of them away. If Liam gave away 24 cookies the third week, how many cookies did he give away altogether? - correct answer working backward To correctly use the ordinal numbers first through fifth with a group of five objects place in a row, a young child must first be able to: - correct answer recognize that the last number counted is the number of object in the group A preschool child measures the length of a long rectangular block by lining up several small blocks along the length of the longer block. This demonstrates that the child has an understanding of which of the following measurement concepts? - correct answer unit iteration
A teacher provides mathematics instruction using manipulative, worksheets, games, and class discussion. The primary benefit of providing instruction in multiple formats is that it: - correct answer addresses a variety of learning styles A teacher gives groups of students a number of triangles, squares, and semicircles and asks the students to combine these shapes to make as many different figures as they can. This activity will help build a foundation for students' future development of which of the following skills? - correct answer determining the area of irregular shapes During group time, a preschool teacher uses shapes made out of felt to create a circle-circle-square, circle-circle-square pattern. The teacher asks children which shape should come next to continue the pattern. Some of the children say a circle and some say a square. Which of the following teacher strategies will best help the children construct their own understanding of the concept? - correct answer having the children say the pattern out loud as a group and again asking which shape should come next A third grade teacher asks teams of students to develop a scientific way for determining what types of materials can become charged with static electricity when rubbed against another material. To produce scientifically valid results from their investigations, it is most important that the student teams: - correct answer keep other variables constant as they test the different materials A second-grade class is beginning a unit on weather. Which of the following activities associated with this unit would be most effective for helping the students develop an understanding of the foundations of scientific inquiry? - correct answer The teacher sets up a simple weather station and has the class keep regular rainfall and temperature records Which of the following provides the best inquiry-based learning activity for a third grade class studying rocks and minerals? - correct answer performing simple tests on a set of minerals and then using a key to identify them To present the concept of the conservation of mass to children in a prek class, it would be most appropriate for the teacher to ask the children to: - correct answer roll out balls of clay into flat pancake shapes and then discuss the concepts of shape and weight
A teacher is planning an activity to introduce the concept of density to first graders. The teacher would like to get students interested in the topic by using a discrepant event that surprises them with a result they do not expect. Which of the following activities would be most effective for stimulating students' interest in this topic? - correct answer After filling one glass with a saturated salt solution and one glass with tap water, the teacher asks students to predict what will happen the nan egg is placed in each of the two glasses A first grade teacher is planning a unit on insects with the goal of motivating students to be good scientific observers of the natural world. The most effective way to achieve this goal would be to have the students: - correct answer make drawings of ants from memory to share with the class and then observe real ants and draw them again A third grade teacher is planning a science unit on human body systems, a topic that has quite a bit of specialized scientific terminology associated with it. In presenting information during the unit, it is most advisable for the teacher to: - correct answer use the appropriate scientific terminology A fourth grade teacher wants to integrate the arts into the science curriculum. Which of the following student activities would be most appropriate for this age group? - correct answer researching an animal's habitat and creating a diorama A teacher wants to introduce a kindergarten class to the concept of structure and function in living systems. Which of the following activities would provide the most appropriate introduction to the biological concept of structure and function for this age group? - correct answer comparing what different insects look like with how they move As a third grader works on a diagram of the water cycle, the classroom teacher gives her specific feedback on the task while also asking the student to evaluate her own work. The teacher hopes the interaction will help him adapt his teaching approach to the student's learning style and encourage the student to become more involved in her own progress. Which of the following describes this type of interactive assessment? - correct answer formative assessment A second grade teacher wants to develop an assessment that evaluates student achievement in science over time and involves students in their own evaluations.
shapes. Some birds are able to crack the seeds easily, while other birds pound at the seeds to open them. The students also notice that some of the birds can cling to the side of the tree, and others only perch on branches. Using the students' observations would be an appropriate way to introduce which of the following life science concepts? - correct answer adaptation Which of the following assessment instruments would be most appropriate to use to evaluate the gross-motor development of a five year old student? - correct answer observational checklist A first-grade teacher has assessed students abilities in various gross-motor movements as skipping, galloping, and sliding. Some of the student can do some of the movements but not all three. Based on these assessment results, the teacher could best promote the gross-motor development of all the students in the class by:
- correct answer playing a simple game in which students skip, gallop, or slide Which of the following activities is more developmentally appropriate for fourth grade students than for first-grade students? - correct answer playing team sports that require strategy Formative assessments in motor development would best be used for which of the following purposes? - correct answer identifying strengths and weaknesses in performance of motor skills According to the USDA, which of the following is a component of a healthy diet? - correct answer consuming less protein from animal sources and increasing consumption of beans and nuts Which of the following actions is most effective for reducing the risk of respiratory problems in children due to poor indoor quality? - correct answer improving ventilation by opening windows and doors for part of each day A kindergarten teacher wants to promote the development of students manipulative skills. The most developmentally appropriate activity for this purpose would be for the teacher to have the students: - correct answer use an underhand throw to toss beanbags to a partner from various distances
A PreK teacher would like to support students safety knowledge and skills by promoting their ability to make 911 calls in an emergency. The teacher can best accomplish this goal by first: - correct answer reading aloud a story in which a child calls 911 and discussing the story with the class Which of the following questions is most important for a kindergarten teacher to consider FIRST when planning instruction to develop students motor skills? - correct answer what activities are appropriate for the physical and cognitive levels of the students? In a first grade class, the teacher introduces students to the conflict-resolution strategy below:
- Stop before you lose your temper
- Say what you think the conflict is about
- Listen to the other person's feelings and ideas
- Think of solutions that will satisfy both of you The teacher asks the students to describe some conflicts or disagreements they have had with another person at school. The teacher then guides pairs of students in role-plays to explore how the conflict-resolution steps could be applied in similar situation. Which of the following ideas is most important for the teacher to emphasize to students as they practice using step 2 of the conflict resolution strategy? - correct answer using a what or why message to explain what is bothering them, instead of a message that blames the other person Which of the following is a developmentally appropriate physical activity goal for kindergarten students? - correct answer Learning how to skip and gallop with ease A preschool program has just received four new tricycles. On the day that the tricycles arrive, the children are excited and anxious to get outside to play with them. Prior to having student ride the tricycles, it is most important that the teacher: - correct answer provide the children with helmets and instruction on how to safely ride the tricycles A kindergarten teacher has several students who lack the fine-motor skills required for writing and forming letters. Which of the following instructional activities is likely
