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PECT PreK-4 Practice Test Module 1
Howard Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences focuses primarily on which of the following aspects of education? A. the key role of environment in promoting children's learning B. the use of scaffolding techniques to help children learn C. the active involvement of children in learning activities D. the various ways in which children think and learn - correct answer D A PreK-4 teacher can best create a culturally inclusive classroom environment for all students by regularly: A. encouraging students to share information about their cultures with the class. B. celebrating a variety of cultural holidays from around the world with students. C. placing students from similar cultural backgrounds together for small-group activities. D. providing students and their families with information about community cultural events. - correct answer A A kindergarten teacher observes two children playing together. The children are attempting to use blocks and other play materials to build a bridge for their toy cars. The first bridge that they build collapses when they begin to roll the toy cars across it. Which of the following teacher questions would best promote the development of the students' reasoning and problem-solving skills? A. Why do you think the bridge fell over? How can you build the bridge differently? B. What if you pretended that your cars could fly? Would you still need to build a bridge? C. What different objects did you use to make your bridge? How are they different?
D. Can you picture a real bridge in your mind? Did your bridge look like a real bridge? - correct answer A Children who demonstrate typical language development most often begin using two-word utterances between the ages of: A. 6 to 9 months. B. 12 to 15 months. C. 18 to 24 months. D. 30 to 36 months. - correct answer C As second-grade students are learning a new science concept, the teacher helps them acquire knowledge and skills that they could not acquire on their own by using prompts, giving suggestions, providing feedback, and modeling activities. In this situation, which of the following strategies is the teacher primarily using to foster students' cognitive development? A. modeling B. cooperative learning C. scaffolding D. inquiry learning - correct answer C A prekindergarten teacher wants to establish a classroom environment in which spontaneous play is encouraged and play is recognized and valued as meaningful learning. Which of the following strategies would likely be most effective for the teacher to use to achieve this goal? A. modeling the correct way to play with new toys and games when introducing them to the classroom B. asking students to bring in their favorite playthings from home to share with their classmates during show-and-tell C. designing assessments that ask students to demonstrate content knowledge through play activities
D. the development of a timeline designating tasks that will be accomplished by a particular student in a given period of time - correct answer A A third-grade teacher develops an assessment for a particular unit prior to writing up the daily lesson plans for the unit. The most important advantage of this approach is that it helps the teacher: A. align daily lessons and activities with the targeted learning outcomes. B. develop an assessment to match state standards. C. ensure that the assessment will be accessible for all students. D. improve presentation skills for delivering instruction. - correct answer A Which of the following assessment practices would be considered ethical? A. obtaining actual test items to use as examples when preparing students for a standardized assessment B. using ongoing informal assessments of students' learning to guide the instructional process C. determining assessment accommodations for individual students based on their classroom performance D. posting standardized assessment results that include students' identifying information on a class Web page - correct answer B A fourth-grade teacher uses a variety of techniques, including questioning and journal prompts, to check for students' understanding of content-area instruction. Which of the following outcomes is likely to be the most important benefit of this strategy? A. helping the teacher identify areas where students may need additional reinforcement B. improving students' overall performance on standardized assessments C. allowing the teacher to spend less time creating and grading student assessments
D. encouraging students to view learning as a process and become lifelong learners
- correct answer A A kindergarten teacher frequently uses home-school notebooks to communicate with families about their children's progress. For example, the teacher and family of one student recently used such a notebook to keep one another informed about the student's progress in mastering specific self-help skills. This approach is likely to be most effective in promoting which of the following outcomes? A. fostering in students a sense of responsibility with regard to their own learning B. establishing partnerships with families in the assessment of their children's learning and development C. helping build caring and friendly relationships between the teacher and students D. enhancing families' ability to reinforce at home what their children are learning in school - correct answer B Using spreadsheet software to maintain students' performance data is likely to provide a teacher with the most support in which of the following areas? A. identifying specific gaps in students' learning B. providing students with accurate and timely feedback C. designing activities to address individual learning needs D. determining an appropriate sequence of instruction - correct answer A Which of the following statements best describes a major role of assessment anchors in the Pennsylvania System of School Assessment (PSSA)? A. providing uniform rules for the types of tests that are allowed to be administered to students in preparing for the PSSA B. clarifying the standards assessed on the PSSA to support students' learning of essential skills and knowledge C. defining the diverse range of tasks that underlie the educational goals assessed on the PSSA at different grade levels
A. access important content-area vocabulary. B. develop phonemic awareness in English. C. achieve grade-level reading and writing standards. D. make connections between oral and written English. - correct answer D Which of the following accommodations to a content-area reading assignment best provides universal access for all learners? A. providing digital textbooks with features such as images, text-to-speech, videos, and modifiable text B. reading aloud the text to students as they follow along in their textbooks and asking frequent questions C. offering after-school peer tutoring for students who need extra help reading the content D. providing a list of vocabulary words and definitions to students in advance of the reading - correct answer A A second-grade teacher is reading a story aloud to a class that includes several students who are English language learners. Throughout the reading, the teacher pauses to verify students' comprehension. The teacher encourages all students to speak and participate in discussions during and after the reading. Which of the following types of feedback from the teacher would provide meaningful English language input to the students who are English language learners during the discussions? A. repeating what students say to model correct pronunciation B. posing literal questions that elicit one- or two-word answers C. giving simple explanations about basic grammar rules and syntax D. responding to the intent and content of the students' utterances - correct answer D Jessica, a 6 month old baby in the infant room, has been losing weight, is irritable and has been tired and sleepy everyday she is at the center. On top of that, Jessica does not smile or make any type of social response to her caretakers and she is showing indicators that she is delayed in motor development. Lastly, Jessica does
not appear to have a bond with anyone that cares for her, even her mother. What is the developmental concern that may be happening with Jessica? A. Going through a growth spurt B. Jessica is exhibiting signs that she has a developmental disorder like autism C. Jessica is showing signs that she is failing to thrive D. Jessica is showing symptoms of a slow to warm up child - correct answer C One of the most important responsibilities of a teacher is the construction of valid and reliable tests. Which of the following is not one of the basic principles of test construction? A. Construct a blueprint that reflects the objectives of the content to be learned. B. Include only students who have mastered the set of criteria necessary for the test. C. Be sure that tests reflect the emphasis given to various objectives during instruction of knowledge and/or skills. D. Follow best testing procedures for the area of knowledge or the skill the student is expected to acquire. - correct answer B Teachers often have students share what they write with a group or a partner. What is the best reason for having students share writing pieces? A. So that students can help each other edit taking the burden from the teacher. B. Students will help each other by responding as readers or listeners. C. The partner is a different audience each time a piece is read. D. Different topics will be addressed as partners see what others are writing. - correct answer B Mrs. Purpose is using a list of words with her phonemic awareness group. She wants the group to hear the difference in word endings. Which set of words would be most effective for this activity?
A. 0.
B. 0.
C. 0.
D. 0.3 - correct answer A Three or four phases of cardiac rehabilitation may be conducted for patients having suffered a myocardial infarction. At which phase would exercise physiologists most likely begin performing cardiac rehabilitation exercises? A. Phase I B. Phase II C. Phase III D. Phase IV - correct answer B Which of the following measuring activities would be introduced last in a second grade classroom? A. Measuring a desk using paper clips B. Measuring a desk using a meter stick C. Measuring a carpet using your feet D. Measuring the length of a desk using unit squares - correct answer B In addition to immunization records, what pre-primary screening and assessment information may be gathered during a child's nursery school, child care, or Head Start years? A. The child's attention span, attention to detail, and hobby interests. B. The child's music, performance, or artistic talent. C. The child's sensitivity to family, pets, and strangers. D. The child's language, motor, and social skills development. - correct answer D
When children are placed very close together during group activities, what is a common problem? A. They listen more attentively to the group leader's directions. B. They tend to concentrate more easily on activities. C. They tend to pay more attention to the group leader. D. They tend to pay more attention to protecting personal space. - correct answer D The art teacher at your school uses criterion testing. Her scoring of projects is pass/fail. Her criterion for this project is below. Which student would not pass? The student will be able to use clay to construct a container. A. Tanya uses the clay to make a toothbrush holder. B. Tony uses the clay to construct a pencil case. C. Tamera uses the clay to make a snake. D. Tera uses the clay to make a mug. - correct answer C In preschool, play is a primary learning tool. It is the child's work. Which of the following is a process of play? A. Observing B. Exploring C. Hypothesizing D. All of the above - correct answer D Jenny has difficulty with holding her bladder. She takes medication and needs frequent trips to the restroom. Her mother wants to make sure that her issues are dealt with fairly when she begins school. Which of the following might be enacted in Jenny's case?
teacher's actions best demonstrate her awareness that second-language learners often: A. go through a silent period during which they produce very little oral language. B. experience first-language interference that hinders their ability to speak a new language. C. develop expressive language skills before they develop receptive language skills. D. have limited experience speaking their first language for communicative purposes. - correct answer A Which of the following characteristics would indicate atypical cognitive development in a four-year-old child? A. having difficulty matching a toy car to a picture of a car B. naming only four colors correctly C. counting accurately to ten but no further D. engaging only occasionally in fantasy play - correct answer A A kindergarten teacher is planning to read aloud a picture book to the class. One of the students in the class has a visual impairment that severely limits vision to several inches. Which of the following accommodations would best help this student participate in this activity? A. providing an individual copy of the book to the student to look at B. arranging for the student to listen to a recording of the story at a later time C. obtaining a large print copy of the book to read aloud to the class D. sitting in front of a well-lit window while reading - correct answer A An IEP annual review meeting has been scheduled for a second-grade student who is currently placed in a general education classroom full time. Which of the following elements of the review is most likely to be provided by the student's general education teacher?
A. a recommendation for additional diagnostic testing for the student B. an explanation of the student's standardized test scores C. a description of the present level of performance the student has achieved D. an overview of the nature of the student's special needs - correct answer C Which of the following statements accurately describes a central principle of the family systems theory? A. Families' internal dynamics are directly influenced by the community environment. B. Patterns of interaction within families remain consistent over time. C. Families evolve through predictable and identifiable developmental stages. D. Individual family members are mutually influenced by and dependent on one another. - correct answer D In support of a school-wide initiative to enhance the learning environment for students with disabilities, fourth-grade teachers will be participating in regular meetings with special education professionals. The primary focus of these meetings should be to: A. identify innovative techniques that can be implemented to meet the needs of students with disabilities. B. analyze the classroom performance of students with disabilities and agree on revisions to make to the students' IEPs. C. determine the most appropriate instructional settings for students with disabilities. D. examine the effectiveness of current practices in meeting the needs of students with disabilities and make adjustments as needed. - correct answer D Federal law allows schools to disclose information in a student's educational records without parental consent to which of the following individuals? A. representatives of community agencies that provide services to the school B. educators with legitimate educational interest in the student
B. urge the parent to inform friends and relatives of the circumstances and seek their support. C. solicit donations from school staff to provide the parent with short-term support. D. connect the parent to available support services in the community. - correct answer D Which of the following preconditions is most essential to effective collaboration among a group of teachers with diverse philosophies and teaching styles? A. arranging for a school administrator to participate in their planning activities and mediate as needed B. recognizing that they have a common goal of educating the students entrusted to their care C. providing one another with background information on the students in their classes D. identifying a leader who will be responsible for leading discussions and recording decisions - correct answer B A new teacher regularly writes in a teaching journal. In addition to considering the success of his lessons, the teacher reflects on his interactions with students and on how his thoughts and actions during these interactions were culturally motivated. This strategy best demonstrates the teacher's awareness of which of the following principles? A. Personal values and beliefs can influence a teacher's communication practices. B. High expectations for all students can promote their academic performance. C. Social identity and peer pressure can affect students' classroom behavior. D. Effective conflict-resolution skills can help a teacher prevent classroom conflicts.
- correct answer A A kindergarten teacher who wants to provide a positive social context for learning decides that one way to do this is to ensure educational equity for all students. The teacher can best promote such equity by:
A. using similar instructional methods and materials for all students. B. providing all students with support in meeting high standards of achievement. C. offering all students choices regarding their own learning activities. D. creating a program in which the families of all students are encouraged to participate - correct answer B A teacher learns that the district is considering requiring all first-grade students to engage in academic testing that the teacher believes is developmentally inappropriate. In this situation, the teacher can best serve as an advocate for students by taking which of the following actions first? A. discussing the issue with students' families B. offering to help a local reporter write a story on the issue C. talking to the school principal about the issue D. posting research on the issue on the school's Web site - correct answer C After reviewing midyear testing data, a fourth-grade teacher is concerned about an increase in achievement differences between groups of students in the class. In attempting to address this issue, the teacher should begin by: A. determining the percentage of students in the class who currently achieve at or above grade level. B. identifying those students in the class who tend to remain on-task during instructional activities. C. asking other teachers at the school whether they are seeing similar trends in their classes. D. examining personal attitudes, expectations, and practices regarding learning for all students in the class. - correct answer D In choosing a professional development activity from among various options, a teacher's first consideration should be to determine which option is most likely to: A. be relevant to teaching across a range of subject areas and grade levels. B. offer participants an opportunity to network with educators from other schools.
A new teacher's meetings with an assigned mentor are likely to be most productive if the new teacher: A. obtains information from the mentor about the topics to be addressed prior to each meeting. B. documents what occurs at each meeting and then periodically reviews the documentation. C. prepares for each meeting by identifying particular classroom concerns to discuss. D. begins each meeting by summarizing learning goals addressed in class since the last meeting. - correct answer C A student in a kindergarten class is playing at the water table, placing different toys in the water. The student notices that one toy floats and another sinks to the bottom and asks the teacher why some toys float. Which of the following responses from the teacher would be most strongly consistent with a constructivist approach to learning? A. "Let's go read a book about water and see what it says about floating." B. "Why don't we ask some of the other students and see if they know the answer?" C. "Let's try to make some other things float and see if we can figure it out together." D. "Why don't I tell you the answer when we have our science time later?" - correct answer C The most important reason for using varied assessment methods and formats with young children is that such an approach: A. allows teachers to make accurate predictions about children's future academic performance. B. helps motivate children to become actively engaged in learning. C. promotes teachers' objectivity and fairness in evaluating children's performance. D. provides children with multiple avenues to demonstrate their learning. - correct answer D
A preschool student has been receiving special education services and will continue to receive services in kindergarten. An IEP meeting is being planned for the student's transition to kindergarten. Which of the following roles is most appropriate for the general education kindergarten teacher to play in this IEP meeting? A. developing appropriate academic interventions and strategies to meet curricular goals B. writing reports documenting the decisions of the team C. determining which special education services the student is eligible to receive D. facilitating the discussion of the participants - correct answer A A kindergarten student, who is typically easygoing and friendly, has begun acting out in class and being verbally aggressive toward peers. The teacher is consulting with the school counselor about these recent changes in the student's behavior. This consultation is likely to be most productive if the teacher begins by providing the counselor with which of the following pieces of information? A. notes from the parents describing the student's behavior at home B. results from the student's most recent standardized assessments C. a description of the student's behavior and strategies the teacher has implemented D. the complete educational history and attendance records for the student - correct answer C A recently hired prekindergarten teacher who is new to the area can best prepare to be an effective advocate for students by taking which of the following actions? A. developing a strong, positive relationship with an assigned mentor B. learning about the characteristics and needs of families within the community C. researching advocacy activities undertaken in similar districts in recent years D. engaging in reflection and self-assessment to identify professional strengths and challenges - correct answer B
