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PECT PREK-4 PRACTICE TEST MODULE 1
Children who demonstrate typical language development most often begin using two- word utterances between the ages of: A. 6 to 9 months. B. 12 to 15 months. C. 18 to 24 months. D. 30 to 36 months. - Answers - C As second-grade students are learning a new science concept, the teacher helps them acquire knowledge and skills that they could not acquire on their own by using prompts, giving suggestions, providing feedback, and modeling activities. In this situation, which of the following strategies is the teacher primarily using to foster students' cognitive development? A. modeling B. cooperative learning C. scaffolding D. inquiry learning - Answers - C A prekindergarten teacher wants to establish a classroom environment in which spontaneous play is encouraged and play is recognized and valued as meaningful learning. Which of the following strategies would likely be most effective for the teacher to use to achieve this goal? A. modeling the correct way to play with new toys and games when introducing them to the classroom B. asking students to bring in their favorite playthings from home to share with their classmates during show-and-tell C. designing assessments that ask students to demonstrate content knowledge through play activities D. ensuring that a variety of materials are available in the classroom for students to try out and explore during playtime - Answers - D PreK-4 teachers have the goal of being culturally competent educators who use an understanding of diversity among young children to plan developmentally, culturally, and linguistically appropriate instruction that meets the needs of all their students. The most important first step for the teachers to take in achieving this goal is to: A. use the Internet and other resources to gather basic information about various world cultures. B. survey students' families to determine what they perceive their role to be in their children's learning. C. examine their own cultures and beliefs and their impact on interactions with students.
D. observe individual students in self-selected activities to determine their preferred learning styles. - Answers - C According to convergent research, which of the following factors has been shown to have the greatest effect on a child's language development? A. the age at which the child starts attending preschool or prekindergarten B. the number of family members living at home with the child C. the quality and diversity of books and toys the child is exposed to D. the amount of verbal input the child receives from caregivers and others - Answers - D Howard Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences focuses primarily on which of the following aspects of education? A. the key role of environment in promoting children's learning B. the use of scaffolding techniques to help children learn C. the active involvement of children in learning activities D. the various ways in which children think and learn - Answers - D A PreK-4 teacher can best create a culturally inclusive classroom environment for all students by regularly: A. encouraging students to share information about their cultures with the class. B. celebrating a variety of cultural holidays from around the world with students. C. placing students from similar cultural backgrounds together for small-group activities. D. providing students and their families with information about community cultural events. - Answers - A A kindergarten teacher observes two children playing together. The children are attempting to use blocks and other play materials to build a bridge for their toy cars. The first bridge that they build collapses when they begin to roll the toy cars across it. Which of the following teacher questions would best promote the development of the students' reasoning and problem-solving skills? A. Why do you think the bridge fell over? How can you build the bridge differently? B. What if you pretended that your cars could fly? Would you still need to build a bridge? C. What different objects did you use to make your bridge? How are they different? D. Can you picture a real bridge in your mind? Did your bridge look like a real bridge? - Answers - A Which of the following is an essential component of a formative assessment?
student's progress in mastering specific self-help skills. This approach is likely to be most effective in promoting which of the following outcomes? A. fostering in students a sense of responsibility with regard to their own learning B. establishing partnerships with families in the assessment of their children's learning and development C. helping build caring and friendly relationships between the teacher and students D. enhancing families' ability to reinforce at home what their children are learning in school - Answers - B Using spreadsheet software to maintain students' performance data is likely to provide a teacher with the most support in which of the following areas? A. identifying specific gaps in students' learning B. providing students with accurate and timely feedback C. designing activities to address individual learning needs D. determining an appropriate sequence of instruction - Answers - A Which of the following statements best describes a major role of assessment anchors in the Pennsylvania System of School Assessment (PSSA)? A. providing uniform rules for the types of tests that are allowed to be administered to students in preparing for the PSSA B. clarifying the standards assessed on the PSSA to support students' learning of essential skills and knowledge C. defining the diverse range of tasks that underlie the educational goals assessed on the PSSA at different grade levels D. providing a conversion tool for converting a particular student's PSSA score into a grade-level equivalent - Answers - B A fourth-grade class includes a number of students who are English language learners. The teacher is designing formative assessment to measure students' understanding of a specific science concept. When developing this assessment, the teacher can use Pennsylvania's Language Proficiency Standards for English Language Learners PreK-12 (ELPS) most effectively to: A. identify the particular supports that individual students are likely to require during the assessment. B. help ensure that the language function of the assessment is appropriate for the students' level of English language proficiency. C. make adaptations to the core content assessed that are appropriate for the students' academic levels. D. determine whether students have achieved the necessary level of English language proficiency to participate in the assessment. - Answers - B
A student who is an English language learner who qualifies for migrant education services joins a second-grade class partly into the school year. The teacher is preparing to administer a variety of informal assessments to the student. Which of the following teacher goals should be the main focus of these assessments? A. evaluating whether the student demonstrates any signs of a disability B. determining the student's general level of English language proficiency C. measuring the student's language proficiency and literacy level in the home language D. identifying any specific weaknesses in the student's academic knowledge and skills - Answers - D A first-grade teacher uses a language experience approach with beginning-level students who are English language learners. A student dictates a story based on personal experience to the teacher who writes the story verbatim. The teacher then leads the student in various reading and language activities using the dictated text. A primary benefit of this approach is that it helps the student: A. access important content-area vocabulary. B. develop phonemic awareness in English. C. achieve grade-level reading and writing standards. D. make connections between oral and written English. - Answers - D Which of the following accommodations to a content-area reading assignment best provides universal access for all learners? A. providing digital textbooks with features such as images, text-to-speech, videos, and modifiable text B. reading aloud the text to students as they follow along in their textbooks and asking frequent questions C. offering after-school peer tutoring for students who need extra help reading the content D. providing a list of vocabulary words and definitions to students in advance of the reading - Answers - A A second-grade teacher is reading a story aloud to a class that includes several students who are English language learners. Throughout the reading, the teacher pauses to verify students' comprehension. The teacher encourages all students to speak and participate in discussions during and after the reading. Which of the following types of feedback from the teacher would provide meaningful English language input to the students who are English language learners during the discussions? A. repeating what students say to model correct pronunciation B. posing literal questions that elicit one- or two-word answers C. giving simple explanations about basic grammar rules and syntax D. responding to the intent and content of the students' utterances - Answers - D
C. Comprehension level D. Cadence and expression - Answers - D According to Linnea Ehri's Phases of Word Recognition Development, at which phase would a student rely less on individual letter sounds and more on multi-letter patterns within words? A. Partial Alphabetic B. Automatic C. Full Alphabetic D. Consolidated Alphabetic - Answers - D Teaching students that concrete objects can be used to represent the real thing indicates that a lesson is using which of the following scientific instructional themes. A. Systems B. Models C. Constancy and Change D. Scale - Answers - B What is 150% of 0.024? A. 0. B. 0. C. 0. D. 0.3 - Answers - A Three or four phases of cardiac rehabilitation may be conducted for patients having suffered a myocardial infarction. At which phase would exercise physiologists most likely begin performing cardiac rehabilitation exercises? A. Phase I B. Phase II C. Phase III D. Phase IV - Answers - B Which of the following measuring activities would be introduced last in a second grade classroom? A. Measuring a desk using paper clips B. Measuring a desk using a meter stick C. Measuring a carpet using your feet D. Measuring the length of a desk using unit squares - Answers - B
In addition to immunization records, what pre-primary screening and assessment information may be gathered during a child's nursery school, child care, or Head Start years? A. The child's attention span, attention to detail, and hobby interests. B. The child's music, performance, or artistic talent. C. The child's sensitivity to family, pets, and strangers. D. The child's language, motor, and social skills development. - Answers - D When children are placed very close together during group activities, what is a common problem? A. They listen more attentively to the group leader's directions. B. They tend to concentrate more easily on activities. C. They tend to pay more attention to the group leader. D. They tend to pay more attention to protecting personal space. - Answers - D The art teacher at your school uses criterion testing. Her scoring of projects is pass/fail. Her criterion for this project is below. Which student would not pass? The student will be able to use clay to construct a container. A. Tanya uses the clay to make a toothbrush holder. B. Tony uses the clay to construct a pencil case. C. Tamera uses the clay to make a snake. D. Tera uses the clay to make a mug. - Answers - C In preschool, play is a primary learning tool. It is the child's work. Which of the following is a process of play? A. Observing B. Exploring C. Hypothesizing D. All of the above - Answers - D Jenny has difficulty with holding her bladder. She takes medication and needs frequent trips to the restroom. Her mother wants to make sure that her issues are dealt with fairly when she begins school. Which of the following might be enacted in Jenny's case? A. Due process B. Section 504 f the Rehabilitation Act C. An IEP D. LRE - Answers - B A typical 4 year old child is able to do all but which of the following?
A. providing an individual copy of the book to the student to look at B. arranging for the student to listen to a recording of the story at a later time C. obtaining a large print copy of the book to read aloud to the class D. sitting in front of a well-lit window while reading - Answers - A An IEP annual review meeting has been scheduled for a second-grade student who is currently placed in a general education classroom full time. Which of the following elements of the review is most likely to be provided by the student's general education teacher? A. a recommendation for additional diagnostic testing for the student B. an explanation of the student's standardized test scores C. a description of the present level of performance the student has achieved D. an overview of the nature of the student's special needs - Answers - C Which of the following statements accurately describes a central principle of the family systems theory? A. Families' internal dynamics are directly influenced by the community environment. B. Patterns of interaction within families remain consistent over time. C. Families evolve through predictable and identifiable developmental stages. D. Individual family members are mutually influenced by and dependent on one another.
- Answers - D In support of a school-wide initiative to enhance the learning environment for students with disabilities, fourth-grade teachers will be participating in regular meetings with special education professionals. The primary focus of these meetings should be to: A. identify innovative techniques that can be implemented to meet the needs of students with disabilities. B. analyze the classroom performance of students with disabilities and agree on revisions to make to the students' IEPs. C. determine the most appropriate instructional settings for students with disabilities. D. examine the effectiveness of current practices in meeting the needs of students with disabilities and make adjustments as needed. - Answers - D Federal law allows schools to disclose information in a student's educational records without parental consent to which of the following individuals? A. representatives of community agencies that provide services to the school B. educators with legitimate educational interest in the student C. staff at postsecondary institutions who are conducting educational research D. teachers who provide instruction to the student's sibling(s) - Answers - B A new third-grade teacher believes that too much instructional time is being used each day to pass out students' graded work, so the teacher decides to put graded papers in a
basket for students to pick up on their own throughout the day. This action is considered inappropriate primarily because it: A. infringes on the students' right to privacy. B. requires the students to assume responsibility for an administrative task. C. diminishes the students' sense of accountability. D. provides students with delayed feedback regarding their performance. - Answers - A A kindergarten teacher's weekly newsletter includes information about community programs and special events that are designed specifically for children. This practice is likely to be most effective in helping the teacher achieve which of the following goals? A. reinforcing to families the importance of their children's regular participation in enrichment activities B. promoting families' recognition of the teacher's knowledge and expertise C. connecting families with resources to help promote their children's learning and development D. providing the foundation for a positive relationship between school and home - Answers - C During a routine parent-teacher conference, a student's parent confides to the teacher about a recent job loss. The single parent, with an infant and toddler at home, explains that child care, health insurance, and housing are no longer affordable. In this situation, the teacher's most important priority should be to: A. reassure the parent that the teacher is always available to listen and offer support. B. urge the parent to inform friends and relatives of the circumstances and seek their support. C. solicit donations from school staff to provide the parent with short-term support. D. connect the parent to available support services in the community. - Answers - D Which of the following preconditions is most essential to effective collaboration among a group of teachers with diverse philosophies and teaching styles? A. arranging for a school administrator to participate in their planning activities and mediate as needed B. recognizing that they have a common goal of educating the students entrusted to their care C. providing one another with background information on the students in their classes D. identifying a leader who will be responsible for leading discussions and recording decisions - Answers - B A new teacher regularly writes in a teaching journal. In addition to considering the success of his lessons, the teacher reflects on his interactions with students and on how his thoughts and actions during these interactions were culturally
B. offer participants an opportunity to network with educators from other schools. C. provide research-based information relevant to current instructional issues or needs. D. reflect the ideas of individuals who represent varied backgrounds and points of view.
- Answers - C Teachers have an ethical responsibility to: A. provide each student with opportunities to learn alongside peers with similar backgrounds. B. show flexibility in defining standards for academic performance. C. use personal preferences when determining classroom behavior expectations. D. respond to the needs of all students. - Answers - D According to privacy rights guidelines, a teacher could appropriately share a student's school records with which of the following individuals? A. a teacher who taught the student two years ago and wishes to check on the student's academic progress B. a school counselor who believes the student would benefit from participating in upcoming small-group counseling sessions C. a college professor who has received a substantial grant to conduct research on factors that influence young children's learning D. a school nurse who knows the student outside of school and is a long-time friend of the student's family - Answers - B In a PreK-4 program that practices a philosophy of inclusion for students with disabilities, a fundamental responsibility for teachers is to ensure that students with disabilities: A. are subject to the same evaluative criteria as their nondisabled peers. B. have opportunities to interact with others who have similar disabilities. C. are active participants in all class activities. D. have peer helpers available to assist with social challenges in the classroom. - Answers - C A new teacher's meetings with an assigned mentor are likely to be most productive if the new teacher: A. obtains information from the mentor about the topics to be addressed prior to each meeting. B. documents what occurs at each meeting and then periodically reviews the documentation. C. prepares for each meeting by identifying particular classroom concerns to discuss. D. begins each meeting by summarizing learning goals addressed in class since the last meeting. - Answers - C
A student in a kindergarten class is playing at the water table, placing different toys in the water. The student notices that one toy floats and another sinks to the bottom and asks the teacher why some toys float. Which of the following responses from the teacher would be most strongly consistent with a constructivist approach to learning? A. "Let's go read a book about water and see what it says about floating." B. "Why don't we ask some of the other students and see if they know the answer?" C. "Let's try to make some other things float and see if we can figure it out together." D. "Why don't I tell you the answer when we have our science time later?" - Answers - C The most important reason for using varied assessment methods and formats with young children is that such an approach: A. allows teachers to make accurate predictions about children's future academic performance. B. helps motivate children to become actively engaged in learning. C. promotes teachers' objectivity and fairness in evaluating children's performance. D. provides children with multiple avenues to demonstrate their learning. - Answers - D A preschool student has been receiving special education services and will continue to receive services in kindergarten. An IEP meeting is being planned for the student's transition to kindergarten. Which of the following roles is most appropriate for the general education kindergarten teacher to play in this IEP meeting? A. developing appropriate academic interventions and strategies to meet curricular goals B. writing reports documenting the decisions of the team C. determining which special education services the student is eligible to receive D. facilitating the discussion of the participants - Answers - A A kindergarten student, who is typically easygoing and friendly, has begun acting out in class and being verbally aggressive toward peers. The teacher is consulting with the school counselor about these recent changes in the student's behavior. This consultation is likely to be most productive if the teacher begins by providing the counselor with which of the following pieces of information? A. notes from the parents describing the student's behavior at home B. results from the student's most recent standardized assessments C. a description of the student's behavior and strategies the teacher has implemented D. the complete educational history and attendance records for the student - Answers - C A recently hired prekindergarten teacher who is new to the area can best prepare to be an effective advocate for students by taking which of the following actions?
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D. {Z [W (N)]} - Answers - D Which of the following equations represents a linear function? A. y=2/x B. y=x^ C. y=(x^2)+ D. y=3x+3 - Answers - D A characteristic of living ornganisms that distinguishes them from nonliving things is that living organisms: A. change in shape over time. B. have a carbon-based chemistry. C. are made up of cells. D. are capable of performing work. - Answers - C Which of the following is a fundamental principle of science? A. Scientific investigations are based on observations and questions. B. Scientific models are developed before starting an experiment. C. Scientific theories that have been accepted are deemed absolute truths. D. Scientific results not supporting a hypothesis should be ignored. - Answers - A Which of the following musical instruments is part of the percussion section of an orchestra? A. bassoon B. cymbals C. double bass D. harp - Answers - B A librarian reads to six-year-olds about two friends who argue and end up in a minor fight. Saying that arguments are normal, the librarian helps the group discuss ways to prevent arguments from becoming fights. An excerpt of the list is shown below. *Do not yell or hit. *Listen to the other person. *State the main problem. *Work out an agreement. This activity is particularly important for introducing children to which of the following types of life skills? A. using active listening skills to clarify a speaker's intent
B. developing resistance skills to maintain personal safety C. using social skills to resolve conflicts constructively D. developing assertiveness skills to resist negative peer pressure - Answers - C
