PEDS GI DISORDERS FOR MIDTERMS, Cheat Sheet of Health sciences

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GASTROINTESTINAL

DISEASES

Pediatric Nursing

Learning Objectives After thoroughly learning these topics you will be able to:

1. Name and describe common Gastrointestinal (GI) disorders and Inborn Errors of Metabolism seen in children.
2. Collect relevant data, identify problems, create goals and interventions, carry out the plans, and check for effectiveness of patient-centered care in children with (GI) disorders and Inborn Errors of Metabolism.
3. Integrate the nursing process in children with (GI) disorders and Inborn Errors of Metabolism.

Gastrointestinal System

• UPPER GIT – Mouth, Esophagus & Stomach
• LOWER GIT – Duodenum, Liver, Gallbladder, Pancreas, Jejunum, Ileum, Cecum, Appendix, Colon (Ascending, Transverse, Descending, Sigmoid) Rectum & Anus

Gastrointestinal System

• Functions
  • Digestion – involves physical & chemical breakdown of food into absorbable substances.

• Health History

– Elicit a description

of symptoms

– ( onset, duration,

location &

precipitation )

ASSESSMENT

• Health History

§Cardinal Symptoms

• Anorexia
• Nausea & Vomiting
• Diarrhea or Constipation
• Abdominal pain
• Recent weight gain or loss
• Blood in stool

ASSESSMENT

• Physical Examination

§ Vital Signs

§ Inspection

§ Auscultation

§ Percussion

§ Palpation

ASSESSMENT

Assessment guide for GI System

ASSESSMENT

• LAB & Diagnostics

§ Stool Analysis § ESR § CBC § Abdominal Ultrasound § Abdominal X–Rays § UGIS, Barium Enema § CT Scan § MRI

Diagnostic Tests and Lab Procedures for GI System

• Expected Outcomes

§ Child will receive

adequate nutrition &

gain weight

§ Child will achieve &

maintain normal fluid &

electrolyte status

ASSESSMENT

• Expected Outcomes

§Child will experience

minimal or no pain.

§Child will experience

no alterations in growth

& development.

ASSESSMENT

Tonsillitis & Adenoiditis

• Inflammation or infection of the tonsils and adenoids
• Streptococcus pyogenes (group A beta-hemolytic streptococci,) is responsible for the infection

Tonsillitis & Adenoiditis

• Signs & Symptoms
  • Recurrent sore throat
  • Enlarged, bright red tonsils with white exudate
  • Difficulty swallowing
  • Mouth breathing
  • Enlarged adenoids