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MIDTERM EXAM (KEY)
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MIDTERM EXAM
PUBLIC HEALTH 150: 8 May, Spring Quarter 2018 Closed textbook exam LECTURE 2: Public Health Law
- Which of the following is not a core value of public health law? a. Prevention b. Medicine c. Social Justice d. Government e. State Police Power and Limits
- Which of the following is an example of a legal tool used by public health lawyers? a. Community Health Education b. Taxation and Spending c. Research d. All of the above e. None of the above
- Which of the following play a role in public health law? a. Health care institutions b. Faith-based organizations c. Media
7d0d633918df26c1ba1160f1db3ede34098bbecd.doc 2 d. Academia e. All of the above
7d0d633918df26c1ba1160f1db3ede34098bbecd.doc 4 a. True b. False
7d0d633918df26c1ba1160f1db3ede34098bbecd.doc 5 LECTURE 3: A Framework for Public Health
- Requiring pasteurized milk was mentioned as one of the reasons behind the enormous gains in health in the 19th^ and 20 th^ centuries. a. True b. False
- The Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion (1986), co-sponsored by the World Health Organization, defines “health” as “a resource for everyday life, not the objective of living.” a. True b. False
- The rise in chronic diseases is sometimes referred to as the “first wave” of public health. a. True b. False
- The “ecologic” or “population health” model includes economic, cultural, and environmental conditions. a. True b. False
- Informing, educating, and empowering people about health issues is one of the three core functions of public health. a. True b. False
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- Which of the following are NOT one of the 10 essential public health services? a. Monitor health status to identify and solve community health problems; b. Enforce laws and regulations that protect health and ensure safety; c. Building safe homes and buildings reduce injuries and toxic exposures; d. Assure a competent public and personal healthcare workforce; e. Research for new insights and innovative solutions to health problems. LECTURE 4. The Role of the Public Health Laboratory at the Cutting Edge of Molecular Epidemiology
- Which is NOT a major role of public health laboratory? a. Measuring school absenteeism during an outbreak b. Screening for neonatal metabolic disorders c. Testing for tuberculosis d. Identifying trends and sentinel events e. Detecting new emerging pathogens
- Which of the following is true about local public health laboratories? a. Local public health laboratories serve their own local communities. b. Local public health laboratories support clinical laboratory services. c. Local public health laboratories collect specimens for various state-level screening. d. Local public health laboratories have many of the same testing capabilities as state laboratory. e. All of the above
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- Which is NOT a trend of public health laboratory’s characteristics or roles? a. Electronic ordering and reporting b. Public-private partnership c. Increased public health focus on chronic diseases d. More primary diagnostic testing than surveillance due to advanced molecular testing e. Aging workforce
- The values of public health laboratories are: a. Public health laboratory testing affects clinical decisions b. Public health laboratories screen exposure to environmental contaminants c. Public health laboratories protect the community from biological threats d. All of the above e. A and C
- Services provided by the public health laboratory are critical to public health both at the individual and population levels. a. True b. False
- Local public health laboratories conduct testing for population-based disease-control efforts but not for individual patient-oriented testing performed in clinical laboratories. a. True b. False
7d0d633918df26c1ba1160f1db3ede34098bbecd.doc 10 LECTURE 5 : Contemporary Issues in HIV Surveillance, Prevention and Control
- Which of the following is NOT a strategy to prevent HIV transmission? a. Antiretroviral therapy b. Needle-sharing during injection drug use c. Pre-exposure prophylaxis d. Medical male circumcision e. Treatment of co-infections
- Which of the following is/are the challenges that face the development of an effective HIV vaccine? a. Improvement of screening technologies b. Genetic diversity of HIV c. Uncertainty about what constitutes protective immunity d. A and C e. B and C
- 90% of people living with HIV know their status. a. True b. False
- What is/are the current goal(s) for HIV prevention and control that emphasize(s) viral suppression among people living with HIV? a. 90% of people with HIV are aware of their HIV status b. 90% of people on treatment are virally suppressed c. 90% of people living with HIV who know their status are on treatment d. All of the above e. None of the above
- Which of the following is NOT a discovery or implemented prevention strategy that helped reduce the overall AIDS classifications and deaths of persons with AIDS? a. Breakthroughs in early detection of HIV infection b. Improved screening technologies c. Female circumcision d. Advances in antiretroviral and combination drug therapies
7d0d633918df26c1ba1160f1db3ede34098bbecd.doc 11 e. HIV prevention awareness campaigns
7d0d633918df26c1ba1160f1db3ede34098bbecd.doc 13 LECTURE 6 : Present & Future Strategic Directions in Tobacco Control & Prevention
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- Which of the following did NOT increase the scope of prevention as a result of the Affordable Care Act (ACA)? a. Expanded access to coverage b. Increased public health investments c. Provided free coverage to all d. Provided preventative services at no-cost e. None of the above
- Which of the following is NOT one of the actions that need to be taken to reduce smoking? a. Enhance surveillance b. Increase investment in research c. Increase use of e-cigarettes among students in K-12 schools d. Focus on community-based interventions e. Improve systems of care
- Which of the following is a factor that impacts health outcomes? a. Clinical care b. Social and economic factors c. Health behaviors d. Physical environment e. All of the above
- What are the priority areas established by the Tobacco Control and Prevention Program (TCPP) through the Los Angeles County Department of Public Health? a. Reduce exposure to secondhand smoke b. Reduce youth access to all tobacco products
7d0d633918df26c1ba1160f1db3ede34098bbecd.doc 16 e. None of the above
- Key provisions of the ACA in relation to tobacco control includes: a. Increased support available for preventative services b. Increased anti-tobacco enforcement in public spaces c. Insurance companies cannot drop nor discriminate against people with pre- existing conditions d. A and B e. A and C
- The California smoke-free vehicle law was associated with reductions in student exposure to secondhand smoke. a. True b. False
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47. [NOTE: THIS QUESTION WAS OMITTED FROM GRADING SINCE, IN THE
LECTURE, THIS iCLICKER QUESTION WAS NOT CLEARLY ANSWERED] According to the report on e-cigarettes, there is substantial or conclusive evidence that maternal e-cigarette use affects fetal development. a. True b. False
- There is a dose-response relationship between frequency of exposure to secondhand smoke in cars and lifetime risk of asthma diagnosis. a. True b. False
- What is the most common childhood disease in the United States? a. Leukemia b. Diabetes c. Heart disease d. Asthma e. Inflammatory bowel disease
- What are some of the risk factors of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)? a. Exposure to air pollutants b. Genetic Factors c. Smoking and second-hand smoke exposure d. All of the above e. A and C
7d0d633918df26c1ba1160f1db3ede34098bbecd.doc 19 a. Touching; b. Kissing;
7d0d633918df26c1ba1160f1db3ede34098bbecd.doc 20 c. Contaminated objects (fomites) such as toys; d. Sexual intercourse; e. direct projections (droplet spread) of droplet spray onto the conjunctiva or onto the mucous membranes of the eye
- Control measures applied to the host include all of the following EXCEPT: a. active immunization; b. passive immunization; c. chemoprophylaxis; d. surgical (e.g., circumcision for reducing transmission of HIV); e. restriction or reduction
- Factors mentioned in the lecture and reading material that contribute to the emergence of new infectious diseases (e.g., SARS) or the re-emergence of previously known diseases (e.g., Tuberculosis) does NOT include: a. Human demographic change; b. Breakdowns of sanitary and other public health measures; c. Economic development and changes; d. A sedentary lifestyle; e. Climate change
- Factors mentioned in the lecture and reading material that contribute to the emergence of new infectious diseases (e.g., SARS) or the re-emergence of previously known diseases (e.g., Tuberculosis) include: a. Resistance of the vectors of vector-borne infectious diseases to pesticides; b. Immunosuppression of persons; c. Development of resistance of infectious agents to chemoprophylactic or chemotherapeutic medicines; d. All of the above; e. None of the above
- Control measures applied to the environment include:
