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Proficiency in Games & Sports 4 4.4 BASKETBALL HISTORY The game of Basketball was invented in United States of America. Dr. James Naismith of USA invented it in December, 1891 at Spring Field College. The origin of this game is very interesting. In the beginning, 40 to 50 players used to be in one team. This game used to be played ina Gymnasium. A pair of baskets were nailed on the walls facing each other. One had to climb up to get the ball out whenever a goal was scored. Indeed, it was a difficult task. After that Dr. Smith framed certain rules of this game. This game was played first time on 22nd January, 1892. First time, 5 players were fixed in a team. From 1895 to 1900 AD a lot of amendments were made in the rules of the game. First time, American Basketball Training Association made its efforts for demonstration of this game in 1928 Amsterdam Olympics but it could not get success. After that in 1932 Olympics, efforts were also made to introduce Basketball. At last, in 1936 Olympic games, which were held in Berlin, Basketball was included. In 1932, International Basketball Federation was constituted. From the very beginning, USA always dominated in Basketball. Approximately 85 years ago in India, the game of Basketball was introduced by Y.M.C.A. College, Madras. Since then, Basketball became popular in every part of India. The Indian Basketball Federation was formed in 1950. por of court players Ia teary 2, Nun 1, Number of teams - 4, Total players 3. Number of substitutes tn a team . | 15 6, Radius of the centre circle 180 rn 5. Size of basketball court #285 15m 5S — | A. Thickness of the backboard mn | 7, Breadth of boundary lines #5 em », Circumference of the ball « 75 to 74 em 9. Height of lower edge of board from the floor * 2,90 m] 10, Cire | 12, Duration of basketball game * Four duration, | 11, Weight of ball = 600 gm to 650 gm “agen als * Referee, 1-Umpire, 1-S¢, 2-10}| 14, Officials § (leh iy | + ears Dea Ee Timekeeper, 1-24 Second Operator) | Lee 6,325 m ‘Teaneencs area Team bench area Team bench Team bench Figure 4,1 Basketball Playing Court LATEST GENERAL RULES 3. The last 2 minutes’ play before the end of the ga™ hi a ed in real sense a ass th 1. Now the length and breadth of basketball court is mgs be played in real sense and not to pa 28m* 15m. ; ‘ : . 4, Now three time-outs can be provided during "" 2. Now the leather ball is used in basketball second half of the game to each team but inh PO PSS EES half only two time-outs will be given to each tea" S annied By pee area x WZ (d) Overhead pass (e) Two handed bounce pass (f) Hook pass (g) Flip pass (h) Tip or Volley pass ()) Back pass. 3, Pivoting: When a player maintain one foot having contact with the ground without changing its position on the floor and apply the other foot to rotate the body with possession of the ball. 4, Dribbling: Dribbling is the skill of controlling the ball by bouncing it on the floor. (a) High dribble (b) Low dribble 5. Shooting: A basket ball shot in which the ball is propelled downward into the basket. (a) Two hand shot (b) Lay up shot (c) Hook shot (d) Jump shot 6. Rebounding: Sometimes colloquially referred to as a board, is a statistic awarded to a player who retrieves the ball after a missed ball. 7. Defence: Defence refers to the team or player without the ball to stop or prevent shot. 8. Offense Strategy: Offense is an act to score the baskets. (@) Faking (b) Sereening (e) Triangular attack — (d) Zonal attack 9, Defensive Attack: (a) Blocking (o) Zonal Defence (b) ‘Tackling (d) Guarding (e) Man to man defence. 10, Dodge: (a) To dodge with singles (b) By speed (c) By escape 11. Free throw: Figure 4.7 Free Throw TERMINOLOGIES 1, Backcourt: The area from the mid court line to the end line further from the offenders’ basket. 2. Basket: A metal rim of 18” in diameter, attached with board and through which points are scored 3. Blocked Shot: The act of successfully deflecting an attempted shot by a defender by touching the ball 4. Blocking: When a defender tries to illegally prevett an advance from the opponent. 5. Centre Circle: The circular area at mid court which is used for the opening jump ball. 6, Charging: When a player tries to get to an are? where the defensive player has already secured his position is known as charging. 7, Crossover Dribble: It is an effective Offensive pasketball move transitioning the ball from one side of the body to the other. s, cylinder: The area directly above the rim of the basket. a Dead Ball: A dead ball occurs whenever the whistle plows tostop play and after a field goal but before the apponent gains possession of the ball, 40. Defense: Playing defense means trying to stop your opponent from scoring. Ji. Defensive Rebound: When a shot is missed and the team that was playing defense gets the rebound. 12. Drive to the Basket: When a player move rapidly towards the basket with the ball. 13. Dunk: The act of scoring in basketball when a player puts the ball directly in the basket using __ one or both of their hands. 14, Dribbling: The act of a player Tepeatedly pushes, pats, taps the ball towards with one hand. 15. Elbowing: The act of throwing the elbow bya : during play in order to hit another layer Player during play Play __ or push him away and if contact is made, it is "considered as a basketball foul, 2 “$e 16 Endline: A boundary line running along the edges the court where the hoops are located. my) d Cup, Olympic Games, FIBA 3 x 3 World eague, FIBA, NBA, G. League, American sia Cup, Federation Cup (India). Ws) Important Awards — 1, Arjuna Award Winners 2. Dhyan Chand Award Winners 3. Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna Winners No Award winners 4, Dronacharya Award Winners No Award winners 
