Physics Lab Report 10, Lab Reports of Physics

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Physics 001- Measurements Ishani Harris @ Partners: Aniya Anderson Malanie

Objective: The objective of the lab is to measure the volume of different solid objects, calculate the density of the objects, and find the standard deviation and the percent error. Theory: In this lab, our primary focus is on precisely measuring the volumes of three distinct geometric shapes: a sphere, a cylinder, and a cube, using both a ruler and a caliper, while taking into account their varying precision levels. The ruler provides measurements accurate to the nearest millimeter, requiring recording with one decimal place. Conversely, the caliper offers higher precision, typically capturing measurements accurate to the nearest hundredth of a millimeter. We calculate volumes using the appropriate geometric formulas for each shape; for the sphere 4/3𝝅𝑟, for the cylinder , and for the cube lwh, ensuring the number of 3 𝝅𝑟 2 ℎ significant figures matches the precision of the instrument. Next, we compute density (⍴=m/v), incorporating both mass and volume measurements, and synchronizing significant figures with the least precise measurement, whether it's mass or volume. To assess density measurement variability, we calculate standard deviations while maintaining appropriate significant figures. Lastly, we determine accuracy via percent error (% error =| |*100 ), where ⍴ is the 𝑥−𝑥𝑠 𝑥𝑠 calculated density and ⍴ is the known or anticipated value, expressing the percent error 𝑒𝑥𝑝𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑 with relevant significant figures. Our rigorous approach to instrument precision and significant figures ensures precise and accurate results for the volumes, densities, standard deviations, and percent errors of these geometric shapes.

⤷ Repeat these steps for the respective objectives given ⤷ Mean and Standard Deviation

1. Determine the mean using the recorded data and calculate the standard deviation. ⤷ **Determining Density**** ⤷ Mass Measurement
2. Weigh the metal object using a balance and record its mass. ⤷ **Density Determination
3. Using the volume previously calculated, determine density using the formula:** ⍴=m/v , where ⍴ de nsity, m is mass, and v is volume. ⤷ **Mean and StandardDeviation
4. Calculate the best density value (mean) and its average deviation using your data and group members' data.** ⤷ Determining Percentage Error ⤷ Using the standard value provided by the instructor, determine the percent error with the following equation. (% error =| |*100 ) 𝑥−𝑥𝑠 𝑥𝑠

Calculations and Results: Sphere dimensions

**- Radius = 1.25 cm

• Mass = 0.066 kg** 1. Calculate the Volume of the Sphere V =4/3𝝅𝑟 3 Now, we can calculate the volume V =4/3𝝅(1. 25𝑐𝑚) 3 V= 8.2 cm^ Step 2: Calculate the Density: Using the formula for density calculate: ⍴=m/v ⍴= 0.066kg/8.2 cm^ ⍴=0.0080 kg/cm^ Results: Measurement Value Radius 1.25 cm Mass 0.066 kg Volume 8.2 cm^ Density 0.0080 kg/cm^