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Physics: Principles and Problems
Chapter 14
periodic motion - ✔️ ✔️ movement that repeats in regular cycles
simple harmonic motion - ✔️ ✔️ motion that occurs when the restoring force on an object is directly proportional to the object's displacement from equilibrium
period - ✔️ ✔️ T; time needed for an object to repeat one complete cycle of the motion
amplitude - ✔️ ✔️ maximum distance that the object moves from equilibrium
Hooke's Law - ✔️ ✔️ force exerted by a spring is directly proportional to the amount that the spring is stretched
resonance - ✔️ ✔️ special form of simple harmonic motion that occurs when small forces are applied at regular intervals to an oscillation or vibrating object and the amplitude increases
wave - ✔️ ✔️ disturbance that carries energy through matter or space
wave pulse - ✔️ ✔️ single bump or disturbance that travels though a medium
periodic wave - ✔️ ✔️ wave with periodic motion
transverse wave - ✔️ ✔️ wave that vibrates perpendicular to direction of wave's motion
longitudinal wave - ✔️ ✔️ mechanical wave in which the disturbance is in the same direction, or parallel to, the direction of wave motion
surface wave - ✔️ ✔️ particles of the medium vibrate perpendicular and parallel to the direction of the wave
standing wave - ✔️ ✔️ period of a wave equal to amount of time it takes for the wave to travel to a fixed point and back
destructive interference - ✔️ ✔️ caused by superposition of waves that have displacements in opposite directions
node - ✔️ ✔️ a point at which the medium is completely undisturbed by a wave when 2 waves meet; nothing
normal - ✔️ ✔️ line drawn perpendicular to the barrier
principle of superposition - ✔️ ✔️ displacement of a medium caused by 2+ waves is like the algebraic sum of the displacements caused by the individual waves
antinode - ✔️ ✔️ point of maximum displacement when 2 waves meet
frequency - ✔️ ✔️ number of complete vibrations per second measured at a fixed location; Hz
interference - ✔️ ✔️ result of the superposition of 2+ waves
wavelength - ✔️ ✔️ shortest distance between points where the wave pattern repeats itself
