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Physics Principles and Problems
theory - ✔️ ✔️ a set of hypotheses that are tested and proven
law - ✔️ ✔️ an observed fact
mm, cm, dm, km - ✔️ ✔️ base units in order
average velocity - ✔️ ✔️ change in distance over change in time
instantaneous velocity - ✔️ ✔️ distance over time
speed - ✔️ ✔️ scalar, only measured in magnitude and not direction
acceleration - ✔️ ✔️ rate at which velocity changes
average acceleration - ✔️ ✔️ change in velocity over time
velocity time graph - ✔️ ✔️ change in y is acceleration, under the curve is object's displacement, straight line means constant
acceleration time graph - ✔️ ✔️ straight line means constant, area under curve is change in velocity
vector resolution - ✔️ ✔️ don't touch tips, tail to tips
Newtons 1st law - ✔️ ✔️ inertia: tendency of an object to resist change
Newtons 2nd law - ✔️ ✔️ F=ma
Newtons 3rd law - ✔️ ✔️ equal and opposite reaction, F a on b = -F b on a
net force - ✔️ ✔️ the sum of all forces, zero in equilibrium, = weight - resistance force
force - ✔️ ✔️ a push o a pull on an object
inertia - ✔️ ✔️ tendency to resist change, Fg=mg
normal force - ✔️ ✔️ in force diagrams, perpendicular to the surface
force gravity - ✔️ ✔️ in force diagrams, always down
projectile - ✔️ ✔️ object shot through the air
trajectory - ✔️ ✔️ a projectile's path through space
vertical - ✔️ ✔️ gravity only affects vertical trajectory
height - ✔️ ✔️ determines the objects time in the air
centripetal force - ✔️ ✔️ motion in a circle will be pulled to the center
pulley - ✔️ ✔️ wheel and axle with a rope wrapped around it
potential energy - ✔️ ✔️ energy converted to Kinetic energy for moving objects, heat, and light for chemical reactions and oscillations
heat, light - ✔️ ✔️ not all potential energy is converted to Kinetic Energy, some of it is transferred to ___ and ___
mechanical energy - ✔️ ✔️ sum of KE and PE
law of conservation of energy - ✔️ ✔️ energy can neither be created nor destroyed, only transferred. Same goes with momentum
1st law of thermodynamics - ✔️ ✔️ restates the law of conservation of energy, change in U = Q-W
2nd law of thermodynamics - ✔️ ✔️ the universe naturally becomes increasingly disordered
heat engines - ✔️ ✔️ convert thermal energy to mechanical energy
displacement - ✔️ ✔️ r
circular motion - ✔️ ✔️ v with a line over it
gravitational constant - ✔️ ✔️ G
torque - ✔️ ✔️ curvy T
angular velocity - ✔️ ✔️ curvy w
angular acceleration - ✔️ ✔️ fishy thing
angular displacement - ✔️ ✔️ change in theda
