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physics waves tutorial, Cheat Sheet of Physics

Physics

wave, propagation of disturbances from place to place in a regular and organized way. Most familiar are surface waves that travel on water, but sound, light, and the motion of subatomic particles all exhibit wavelike properties. In the simplest waves, the disturbance oscillates periodically (see periodic motion) with a fixed frequency and wavelength. Mechanical waves, such as sound, require a medium through which to travel, while electromagnetic waves (see electromagnetic radiation) do not require a medium and can be propagated through a vacuum. Propagation of a wave through a medium depends on the medium’s properties.

Typology: Cheat Sheet

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Waves-Wave Characteristics
1. What is the wavelength of a 256-hertz sound wave
in air at STP?
1. 1.17 × 106 m
2. 1.29 m
3. 0.773 m
4. 8.53 × 10-7 m
2. The graph below represents the relationship be-
tween wavelength and frequency of waves created
by two students shaking the ends of a loose spring.
Calculate the speed of the waves generated in the
spring. [Show all work, including the equation and
substitution with units.]
3. What is the period of a water wave if 4 complete
waves pass a fixed point in 10 seconds?
1. 0.25 s
2. 0.40 s
3. 2.5 s
4. 4.0 s
4. If the frequency of a periodic wave is doubled, the
period of the wave will be
1. halved
2. doubled
3. quartered
4. quadrupled
5. A 512-hertz sound wave travels 100 meters to an ob-
server through air at STP. What is the wavelength
of this sound wave?
6. The diagram below represents a periodic wave.
Which point on the wave is in phase with point P?
1. A
2. B
3. C
4. D
7. A periodic wave having a frequency of 5.0 hertz and
a speed of 10 meters per second has a wavelength of
1. 0.50 m
2. 2.0 m
3. 5.0 m
4. 50 m
8. A ringing bell is located in a chamber. When the air
is removed from the chamber, why can the bell be
seen vibrating but not be heard?
1. Light waves can travel through a vacuum, but
sound waves cannot.
2. Sound waves have greater amplitude than light
waves.
3. Light waves travel slower than sound waves.
4. Sound waves have higher frequencies than light
waves.
9. The diagram below represents a transverse wave.
The wavelength of the wave is equal to the distance
between points
1. A and G
2. B and F
3. C and E
4. D and F
pf3
pf4
pf5
pf8
pf9

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Download physics waves tutorial and more Cheat Sheet Physics in PDF only on Docsity!

Waves-Wave Characteristics

  1. What is the wavelength of a 256-hertz sound wave in air at STP?
    1. 1.17 × 10^6 m
    2. 1.29 m
    3. 0.773 m
    4. 8.53 × 10-7^ m
  2. The graph below represents the relationship be- tween wavelength and frequency of waves created by two students shaking the ends of a loose spring. Calculate the speed of the waves generated in the spring. [Show all work, including the equation and substitution with units.]
  3. What is the period of a water wave if 4 complete waves pass a fixed point in 10 seconds?
    1. 0.25 s
    2. 0.40 s
    3. 2.5 s
    4. 4.0 s
  4. If the frequency of a periodic wave is doubled, the period of the wave will be
    1. halved
    2. doubled
    3. quartered
    4. quadrupled
  5. A 512-hertz sound wave travels 100 meters to an ob- server through air at STP. What is the wavelength of this sound wave? 6. The diagram below represents a periodic wave. Which point on the wave is in phase with point P? 1. A 2. B 3. C 4. D 7. A periodic wave having a frequency of 5.0 hertz and a speed of 10 meters per second has a wavelength of 1. 0.50 m 2. 2.0 m 3. 5.0 m 4. 50 m 8. A ringing bell is located in a chamber. When the air is removed from the chamber, why can the bell be seen vibrating but not be heard? 1. Light waves can travel through a vacuum, but sound waves cannot. 2. Sound waves have greater amplitude than light waves. 3. Light waves travel slower than sound waves. 4. Sound waves have higher frequencies than light waves. 9. The diagram below represents a transverse wave. The wavelength of the wave is equal to the distance between points 1. A and G 2. B and F 3. C and E 4. D and F
  1. The diagram below represents a periodic transverse wave traveling in a uniform medium. On the diagram above, draw a wave having both a smaller amplitude and the same wavelength as the given wave. Base your answers to questions 11 through 13 on the information and diagram below. A longitudinal wave moves to the right through a uniform medium, as shown below. Points A, B, C, D, and E repre- sent the positions of particles of the medium.
  2. Which diagram best represents the motion of the particle at position C as the wave moves to the right?
  3. The wavelength of this wave is equal to the distance between points
    1. A and B
    2. B and C
    3. A and C
    4. B and E
  4. The energy of this wave is related to its
    1. amplitude
    2. period
    3. speed
    4. wavelength

Base your answers to questions 19 through 21 on the information below. [Show all work, including the equation and substitution with units.] A stationary submarine uses sonar to send a 1.18 × 10^3 -hertz sound wave down through the ocean water. The reflected sound wave from the flat ocean bottom 324 meters below the sub is detected 0.425 seconds after it was sent from the submarine.

  1. Calculate the speed of the sound wave in the ocean water.
  2. Calculate the wavelength of the sound wave in the ocean water.
  3. Determine the period of the sound wave in the ocean water.
  4. A motor is used to produce 4.0 waves each second in a string. What is the frequency of the waves?
    1. 0.25 Hz
    2. 15 Hz
    3. 25 Hz
    4. 4.0 Hz
  5. If the amplitude of a wave is increased, the frequency of the wave will
    1. decrease
    2. increase
    3. remain the same
  6. The time required for a wave to complete one full cycle is called the wave’s
    1. frequency
    2. period
    3. velocity
    4. wavelength
  7. The graph below represents the displacement of a particle in a medium over a period of time. The amplitude of the wave is
    1. 4.0 s
    2. 6.0 s
    3. 8 cm
    4. 4 cm
  8. A periodic wave is produced by a vibrating tuning fork. The amplitude of the wave would be greater if the tuning fork were
  9. struck more softly
  10. struck harder
  11. replaced by a lower frequency tuning fork
  12. replaced by a higher frequency tuning fork
  13. The diagram below represents a periodic wave. Which point on the wave is 90° out of phase with point P?
  14. A
  15. B
  16. C
  17. D
  1. A periodic wave travels at speed v through medium A. The wave passes with all its energy into medium B. The speed of the wave through medium B is v/2. On the diagram below, draw the wave as it travels through medium B. Show at least one full wave.
  2. The energy of a water wave is closely related to its
    1. frequency
    2. wavelength
    3. period
    4. amplitude
  3. The diagram below represents a transverse wave. The distance between which two points identifies the amplitude of the wave?
    1. A and B
    2. A and C
    3. A and E
    4. D and E
  4. If the amplitude of a wave traveling in a rope is doubled, the speed of the wave in the rope will
    1. decrease
    2. increase
    3. remain the same
  5. Increasing the amplitude of a sound wave produces a sound with
    1. lower speed
    2. higher pitch
    3. shorter wavelength
    4. greater loudness
      1. The energy of a sound wave is closely related to its
      2. period
      3. amplitude
      4. frequency
      5. wavelength
      6. The diagram below shows a periodic wave. Which points are in phase with each other?
      7. A and C
      8. A and D
      9. B and C
      10. C and D
      11. Which unit is equivalent to meters per second?
      12. Hz∙s
      13. Hz∙m
      14. s/Hz
      15. m/Hz
      16. The sound wave produced by a trumpet has a fre- quency of 440 hertz. What is the distance between successive compressions in this sound wave as it travels through air at STP?
      17. 1.5 × 10-6^ m
      18. 0.75 m
      19. 1.3 m
      20. 6.8 × 10^5 m

Base your answers to questions 44 and 45 on the information below. A student plucks a guitar string and the vibrations produce a sound wave with a fre- quency of 650 hertz.

  1. The sound wave produced can best be described as a
    1. transverse wave of constant amplitude
    2. longitudinal wave of constant frequency
    3. mechanical wave of varying frequency
    4. electromagnetic wave of varying wavelengths
  2. Calculate the wavelength of the sound wave in air at STP. [Show all work, including the equation and substitution with units.] Base your answers to questions 46 and 47 on the infor- mation below. A transverse wave with an amplitude of 0.20 meters and wavelength of 3.0 meters travels toward the right in a medium with a speed of 4.0 meters per second.
  3. On the diagram below, place an X at each of two points that are in phase with each other.
  4. Calculate the period of the wave. [Show all work, including the equation and substitution with units.]
    1. A tuning fork vibrates at a frequency of 512 hertz when struck with a rubber hammer. The sound produced by the tuning fork will travel through the air as a
    2. longitudinal wave with air molecules vibrating parallel to the direction of travel
    3. transverse wave with air molecules vibrating parallel to the direction of travel
    4. longitudinal wave with air molecules vibrating perpendicular to the direction of travel
    5. transverse wave with air molecules vibrating perpendicular to the direction of travel
    6. What is characteristic of both sound waves and elec- tromagnetic waves?
    7. They require a medium.
    8. They transfer energy.
    9. They are mechanical waves.
    10. They are longitudinal waves.
    11. What is the wavelength of a 2.50-kilohertz sound wave traveling at 326 meters per second through air?
    12. 0.130 m
    13. 1.30 m
    14. 7.67 m
    15. 130 m
    16. While sitting in a boat, a fisherman observes that two complete waves pass by his position every 4 seconds. What is the period of these waves?
    17. 0.5 s
    18. 2 s
    19. 8 s
    20. 4 s
    21. A sound wave traveling eastward through air causes the air molecules to
    22. vibrate east and west
    23. vibrate north and south
    24. move eastward, only
    25. move northward, only
  1. The diagram below represents a periodic wave. Which two points on the wave are out of phase?
    1. A and C
    2. B and F
    3. C and E
    4. D and G
  2. A distance of 1.0 × 10-2^ meter separates successive crests of a periodic wave produced in a shallow tank of water. If a crest passes a point in the tank every 4.0 × 10-1^ second, what is the speed of this wave?
    1. 2.5 × 10-4^ m/s
    2. 4.0 × 10-3^ m/s
    3. 2.5 × 10-2^ m/s
    4. 4.0 × 10-1^ m/s
  3. A nurse takes the pulse of a heart and determines the heart beats periodically 60 times in 60 seconds. The period of the heartbeat is
    1. 1 Hz
    2. 60 Hz
    3. 1 s
    4. 60 s
  4. What is the period of a sound wave having a fre- quency of 340 hertz?
    1. 3.40 × 10^2 s
    2. 1.02 × 10^0 s
    3. 9.73 × 10-1^ s
    4. 2.94 × 10-3^ s
  5. A beam of light has a wavelength of 4.5 × 10-7^ meter in a vacuum. The frequency of this light is
    1. 1.5 × 10-15^ Hz
    2. 4.5 × 10-7^ Hz
    3. 1.4 × 10^2 Hz
    4. 6.7 × 10^14 Hz
      1. The diagram below represents two waves, A and B, traveling through the same uniform medium. Which characteristic is the same for both waves?
      2. amplitude
      3. frequency
      4. period
      5. wavelength
      6. A duck floating in a pool oscillates up and down 5. times during a 10.-second interval as a periodic wave passes by. What is the frequency of the duck’s oscil- lations?
      7. 0.10 Hz
      8. 0.50 Hz
      9. 2.0 Hz
        1. Hz
      11. A student produces a wave in a long spring by vi- brating its end. As the frequency of the vibration is doubled, the wavelength in the spring is
      12. quartered
      13. halved
      14. unchanged
      15. doubled
      16. The diagram below shows waves A and B in the same medium. Compared to wave A, wave B has
      17. twice the amplitude and twice the wavelength
      18. twice the amplitude and half the wavelength
      19. the same amplitude and half the wavelength
      20. half the amplitude and the same wavelength