PHYSICS(NCERT) CLASS 12 : CHAPTER 1 - PART 1, Summaries of Physics

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PHYSICS - CLASS 12

CHAPTER 1

ELECTRIC CHARGES AND

FIELDS

Charges

positive negative

*These charges are static charges(means fixed

charges).

*The property which diffrentiates 2 kindes of

charges :- POLARITY OF CHARGE

ELECTRIC CHARGE

An electric charge is a basic property of matter that causes things to attract or repel each other. these attraction and repulsion causes due to the polarity of charges ELECTRIFICATION:- it is the process of makeing things charged. point charge:- very small charge

ELECTRIC CHARGES AND FIELDS

Like pole repel each other unlike poles attract each other.

the thing which is getting charged is known as electrified

objects(charged obj).

1) ADDITIVITY : Charges on a system can be added

algebraically to get the total charge.

2) CONSERVATION : Charge can neither be created nor be

destroyed, it can only be transfered.

3) QUANTISATION OF CHARGE : All free charges are itegral

multiples of a basic unit of charge denoted by (e).

[q=ne] n : integer

e : 1.6 x 10 -19 C

properties of electricity :-

Basic unit of charge : the charge that an

electron or proton carries.

At macroscopic level quantisation of

charge is ignored.

At microscopic level value can be

detected.

SOME POINTS :-