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Genetics Q&A: Heredity, DNA, and Biotechnology Explained, Exams of Biology

Chamberlain College of NursingBiology

A concise question and answer format overview of key concepts in genetics, covering topics from early selective breeding to modern genetic engineering tools like crispr. It explains fundamental principles such as the cell theory, natural selection, and mendelian genetics, as well as the roles of dna, genes, and chromosomes in heredity. The material also touches on the applications of genetics in medicine and biotechnology, including transgenic organisms and bioproducts. It serves as a quick reference guide for students studying genetics, offering clear definitions and explanations of essential terms and theories. It also includes model organisms used in genetic research and their characteristics. (447 characters)

Typology: Exams

2024/2025

Available from 06/05/2025

BrunoFern
BrunoFern 🇺🇸

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PORTAGE:GENETICS (MODULE 1)Q&A EXPLAINED
early selective breeding Accurate Answer - choosing to breed
certain animals/plants for their preferred traits to benefit humans
William Harvey Accurate Answer - proposed epigenesis and
contradicted preformation
epigenesis Accurate Answer - concept that hypothesized that a
fertilized human egg undergoes development events that lead to the
formation of a human
preformation Accurate Answer - fertilized egg contains a tiny
developed adult
homunculus Accurate Answer - tiny developed human
Schleiden and Schwann Accurate Answer - developed the cell
theory
cell theory Accurate Answer - idea that all living things are
composed of cells, cells are the basic units of structure and function in
living things, and new cells are produced from existing cells
spontaneous generation Accurate Answer - living things could
spontaneously generate from nonliving components
Charles Darwin Accurate Answer - wrote The Origin of Species
and theorized natural selection
natural selection Accurate Answer - more offspring were
produced than what could be supported from the environment
- leads to struggle for survival so offsprings would only inherit the most
desirable traits for their certain environment to survive
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Download Genetics Q&A: Heredity, DNA, and Biotechnology Explained and more Exams Biology in PDF only on Docsity!

PORTAGE:GENETICS (MODULE 1)Q&A EXPLAINED

early selective breeding Accurate Answer - choosing to breed certain animals/plants for their preferred traits to benefit humans William Harvey Accurate Answer - proposed epigenesis and contradicted preformation epigenesis Accurate Answer - concept that hypothesized that a fertilized human egg undergoes development events that lead to the formation of a human preformation Accurate Answer - fertilized egg contains a tiny developed adult homunculus Accurate Answer - tiny developed human Schleiden and Schwann Accurate Answer - developed the cell theory cell theory Accurate Answer - idea that all living things are composed of cells, cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things, and new cells are produced from existing cells spontaneous generation Accurate Answer - living things could spontaneously generate from nonliving components Charles Darwin Accurate Answer - wrote The Origin of Species and theorized natural selection natural selection Accurate Answer - more offspring were produced than what could be supported from the environment

  • leads to struggle for survival so offsprings would only inherit the most desirable traits for their certain environment to survive

Gregor Mendel Accurate Answer - proposed how traits were inherited from each generation --only explains variations and not heredity --basic of trait transmission genetics Accurate Answer - study of heredity, understanding genes and how they pass traits chromosomal theory of inheritance Accurate Answer - both heredity and development depended on passing down of genetic info vis the chromosomes -- equally passed down from each parent todays genetics Accurate Answer - theory of inheritance + mendel's genetic teachings genes Accurate Answer - traits controlled in pairs --transferred from parent to offspring and held to determine the characteristic of each offspring gene pairs Accurate Answer - two alleles, split from egg and sperm and goes into offspring chromosomes Accurate Answer - threadlike structures made of DNA molecules that contain the genes, found in the nucleus of the cell that holds genetic material -- exists homologously diploid Accurate Answer - containing two complete sets of chromosomes, one from each parent (humans have 46) haploid Accurate Answer - An organism or cell having only one complete set of chromosomes, (humans have 23)

-- DNA can be fragmented, purified, and inserted into vectors to form rDNA vectors Accurate Answer - a vehicle for carry the segment of DNA into a host by cloning or doing rDNA biotechnology Accurate Answer - using genetics to create new products transgenic crops/animals Accurate Answer - genetically modified crops and animals and drugs --ex: cotton, beets, soy, corn, more nutritious meat, more meat yield, more milk yield CRISPR Accurate Answer - gene editting tool: used to engineer probiotic cultures and improve crop yields bioproduct Accurate Answer - can be put in animals so humans can eat and be introduced to the specific gene/product ATryn Accurate Answer - introduced to goats, was present in milk, this milk was given to those prone to blood clots to prevent them genetics in medicine Accurate Answer - more focused on prevention versus cure Model organisms Accurate Answer - used to study inherited diseased, need to have these 4 characteristics: easy to maintain/grow, have rapid/prolific life cycle, easy to work with, inexpensive to conduct --ex: drosophila and mouse --ex: c. elegans --ex: zebrafish