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Poultry Judging study guide.
Abdominis - ANSWERSupports the abdomen Coccygis - ANSWERElevates and depresses the tail Flexer Perforans - ANSWERFlexes the toes Gastrocnemius - ANSWERExtends the toes down Lliotibialis - ANSWERFlexes and extends the hip Latissiumus - ANSWERDraws humorous inward Longissimus - ANSWERMaintains birds posture Obliquus - ANSWERFlexes the abdomen Pectoralis major - ANSWERDepresses the wing Pectoralis minor - ANSWERElevates the wing Perneus - ANSWERExtends the foot outwards
pterylarum - ANSWERMoves the feathers Sartorious - ANSWERFlexes the knee & rotates the leg out Semitendinosus - ANSWERFlexes knee & extends thigh Teres Major - ANSWERRotates humorous Trapezius - ANSWERMoves scapula & head left or right Ancestor of the domestic chicken - ANSWERRed Jungle Fowl Who were the first people to develop and use the chicken in agriculture? - ANSWERRomans Most breeds today derived from the.... - ANSWERAsiatic & Mediterranean Light hybrids derived from the ________ chicken - ANSWERWhite Leghorn Light hybirds lay ______ colored eggs - ANSWERwhite Medium hybirds derived from the ______ chicken - ANSWERRhode Island Red Medium hybirds lay _______ colored eggs - ANSWERBrown
Vector-borne transmission - ANSWERInfected bird bites another bird (ex. saliva gets into the bite from infected bird and gets another bird sick) Air-borne - ANSWERSpread through respiratory tract The most common route to vaccinate a bird is through ______ - ANSWERwater Pullorum is a _____ disease - ANSWERBacterial Pullorum - ANSWERSymptoms- Vent pasting in young chicks and pollutes Transmission- Egg transmission Cholera is a ______ disease - ANSWERBacterial Cholera - ANSWERSymptoms- Sudden death, swollen wattle, cyanosis (turning blue/purple) of the head, yellow diarrhea Transmission- Direct (Bird-bird, via droppings & feed) Vaccinate- Vaccinate with bacterians Mycoplasmosis (MG) is a _______ disease - ANSWERBacterial Mycoplasmosis - ANSWERSymptoms- Slight respiratory stress, lower productivity, swollen sinuses in turkeys Transmission- Egg Cure- Vaccinate
Infectious Coryza is a ______ disease - ANSWERBacterial Infectious Coryza - ANSWERSymptoms- Swelling around face & eyes, fowl oder Transmission- Direct (Bird-Bird) Cure- Isolate infected bird Staphylococcal Arthritis is a ______ disease - ANSWERBacterial Staphylococcal Arthritis - ANSWERSymptoms- Swollen, warm hock joints Transmission- physical or mechanical injury Aspergillosis is a ________ disease - ANSWERBacterial Aspergillosis - ANSWERSymptoms- Respiratory stress, cheesy eyes Transmission- contaminated feed or litter Cure- avoid moldy feed or litter Infectious Synovitis is a __________ disease - ANSWERBacterial Infectious Synovitis - ANSWERSymptoms- Swollen hocks & foot pads, breast blisters Transmission- Egg
Cure- Vaccination Fowl Pox is a ________ disease - ANSWERViral Fowl Pox - ANSWERSymptoms- Lesions on skin & in mouth, drop in egg production Transmission- Bird-Bird & carriers like mesquites & air-borne Cure- vaccination Leukosis is a _______ disease - ANSWERViral Leukosis - ANSWERSymptoms- Enlarged internal organs, weight loss Transmission- Bird-Bird & insect carrier Cure- Sanitation Marek's is a _______ disease - ANSWERViral Marek's - ANSWERSymptoms- Parallysis of limbs, blindness, paleness Transmission- Bird-Bird Cure- Vaccine ( typically through the neck) Epidemic Tremors is a _______ disease - ANSWERViral Epidemic Tremors - ANSWERSymptoms- Paralysis, tremors Transmission- egg
Cure- vaccine of breeders Coccidiosis is a _______ disease - ANSWERProtozoan Coccidiosis - ANSWERSymptoms- pale, droopy, diarrhea, huddling Transmission- Direct & indirect contact with infected droppings Cure- sanitation & medication Blackhead ( Turkeys) is a ________ disease - ANSWERprotozoan Blackhead ( Turkeys) - ANSWERSymptoms- droopiness, darkness of the head Transmission- Consuming meal worms that are infected with it Mycotoxicosis - ANSWERSymptoms- lowered productivity Transmission- indigestion of moldy feed Cure- use non moldy feed Botulism - ANSWERSymptoms- weakness, paralysis, limp neck muscles Transmission- consumption of decaying organic matter Bumblefoot - ANSWERSymptoms- Hot, swollen footpads Transmission- Bird-bird or bedding irritation Encephalomyelitis - ANSWERSymptoms- Deterioration of muscle coordination
American chicken breeds - ANSWERRhode Island Red, Plymouth Rock, New Hampshire English chicken characteristics - ANSWERWhite skin, red ear lobes, brown eggs English chicken breeds - ANSWEROrpington, Sussex, Cornish Asiatic Chicken characteristics - ANSWERFeathered shanks, red ear lobes, brown eggs Asiatic chicken breeds - ANSWERBrahma, Cochin, Langshan Mediterranean chicken characteristics - ANSWERWhite ear lobes, white eggs, unfathered shanks Mediterranean chicken breeds - ANSWERLeghorn, Minorca, Ancona Continental chicken characteristics - ANSWERwhite ear lobes Continental chicken breeds - ANSWERHoudan, Hamburg Other chicken breeds - ANSWERSumatra, Aseel, araucana, phoenix, frizzle
A Bantam is a __________ purebred chicken, being _______ the size of a large fowl. - ANSWERminiature; 1/5th Single Comb and unfeatheered shanks Bantam breeds - ANSWERPlymouth Rock, Leghorn, Rhode Island Red, Japanese Rose comb & unfeathered shanks Bantam breeds - ANSWERWyandotte, Sebright, Belgium D' Anveers Other comb & unfeathered shanks Bantam breeds - ANSWERCornish & Polish Any comb & feathered shanks Bantams - ANSWERCochin, Brahma, Silkies Old English Bantam breeds - ANSWERmales must be dubbed & more than 20 color palates Modern Game Bantam breeds - ANSWERMales must be dubbed & more than 12 color palates The APA stands for _______ - ANSWERAmerican Poultry Association What does the APA do? - ANSWERPromotes and protects the standard bred poultry industry What does ABA stand for? - ANSWERAmerican Bantam Association
Coturnix Quail - ANSWERFed to pray birds & other animals; requires 16- 18 days of incubation Bobwhite Quail - ANSWERRaised for meat & hunting; requires 22-23 days of incubation Chukar Partridge - ANSWERMedium sized game used for hunting; requires 23 days of incubation Ringneck Pheasant - ANSWERRaised for hunting; requires 24-25 days of inccubation Duck eggs require _______ days to hatch - ANSWER28 days What duck breed requires 35 days to hatch? - ANSWERMuscovy Geese eggs require ___________ days of incubation - ANSWER 28 - 30 days of incubation An egg is laid at _____ degrees - ANSWER 105 An egg should be stored at ______ degrees - ANSWER 45 Eggs should be held at _________ degrees and __________ humidity - ANSWER60; 70%
Up to ________ of all eggs are uncollectable - ANSWER7% What country was the number one producer of all eggs in the world in 2010?
- ANSWERChina In 2015 ________ was the number one egg producing state in the US - ANSWERIowa An egg starts to develop in the ________ - ANSWEROvary It takes the ovum __________ to develop to the size of a yolk. - ANSWERa week When the Yolk is the right size it is released from the _______ into the _______ - ANSWERovary; abdomen The ___________ catches the yolk after being released from the ovary - ANSWERInfundibulum The yolk goes through the _______ to add the _______ and ________ - ANSWERoviduct; albumen; shell The yolk content are retained by the _________ - ANSWERVitelline membrane The blastodisc contains the _______ - ANSWERgenetic information from the female
Malformation - ANSWERWhen an embryo is deformed in the egg (ex. cleft palate, missing eye, ect..) Body temperature of a brooding chick may be taken by touching the thermometer lightly to the chicken ______ - ANSWERCloaca The USDA requires meat to hi an internal temperature of _______ to be considered fully cooked - ANSWER160 degrees The hock joint is also know as the ___________ - ANSWERHypotarsal Genetics - ANSWERAssists in and direct the further development of their breeding program Pharmaceutical - ANSWERContinue to develop effective vaccines, medications, & feed additives Nutrition - ANSWERDiscover new combinations of feed ingredients & feed additives to meet the producers needs What closs is poultry considered? - ANSWERAves What is the scientific name of a chicken? - ANSWERGallus Gallus What is the scientific name of a Guinea fowl? - ANSWERNumida Meleagris
What is the scientific name of a turkey? - ANSWERMeleagris gallapavo What is the scientific name of the pheasant? - ANSWERPhasianus colchicus What is the scientific name of a duck? - ANSWERAnas platyrhynchos What is the scientific name of a goose? - ANSWERAnser anser What is the scientific name of a peafowl? - ANSWERPavo cristatus What is the scientific name of the pigeon? - ANSWERColumba livia What is the scientific name of the bobwhite quail? - ANSWERColinus virginianus Most poultry have a temperature between __________ - ANSWER 105 - 107 degrees Pectoral muscles account for how much of a birds total weight? - ANSWER 15 - 20% What is the sternum also known as? - ANSWERKeel The hock joint is also known as? - ANSWERhypotarsal
embryo, & removes calcium from the shell so the embryo could use it to form bones. Where is the Chorioallantois located? - ANSWERoutside the yolk (looks like a crisscross of blood vessels) Formation of the central nervous system is dependent on the what? - ANSWERNeural tube What is the neural plate? - ANSWERregion that folds inwards to form the neural tube Located under the neural tube is the what? - ANSWERnotochord Why is the notochord important? - ANSWERIt is important for forming the neural tube After the neural tube is formed, what disappears? - ANSWERNotochord How many pairs of somites does an embryou have? - ANSWER 22 What does the dermatome form? - ANSWERthe skin what does the myotome form? - ANSWERthe muscle What does the sclerotome form? - ANSWERthe skeleten
The myotome forms the most muscle between what days? - ANSWER5 & 9 What does the sclerotome form? - ANSWERthe skeleten By what day are all muscles formed? - ANSWERDay 10 What days are leg buds created between in an embryo? - ANSWER6 & 8 How many days does it take for all of the chick part to be in place in the embryo? - ANSWER10 days On what day does the chick embryo tuck their head under its right wing? - ANSWERDay 16 What wing should the chick embryo have its head tucked under? - ANSWERThe right wing Which end of the egg should the chick embryo be facing? - ANSWERThe large round end What is the percentage of survival for a chick embryo with both malformations and malpositioning? - ANSWERLess than 5% How many kinds of deffects are there for a chick embryo? - ANSWERMore than 40
