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Power World Simulator (PWS) Lab Manual: Introduction and Basic Operations, Study notes of Power Distribution and Utilization

COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Abbottabad (CIITA)Power Distribution and Utilization

This is lab#7 of power system analysis and design lab manual.

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Power System Analysis and Design Lab
Lab 7
37
Name: _______________________ ID: ____________________ Date: ____/____/_______
Experiment # 7:
Introduction to Power World Simulator (PWS)
SECTION I
(CLO 1, PLO 1,5)
1. Introduction
Power World is a great and “Powerful” utility for solving power flows. As you learned in the last
week Labs, that solving a power system is a little different from circuit analysis. Instead of being
given voltage at certain nodes or impedances, you are often given load and generator powers.
Most utilities use Power World or similar programs for solving their systems.
2. Procedure
Open a sample case by clicking ‘Open Case’ under ‘File’ menu. Select case B7flatlp.pwb in ‘Non-
Glover & Sarma Examples’ directory. The following sample case is then loaded to the Simulator.
The features of the software are then introduced using this sample case.
Basic menu functions:
Like other Windows applications, the upper part of the figure shows the menus and toolbars of the
program, the bottom part shows the current working case. The basic menu includes the following
functions:
File: open, save, close and print the study case;
Simulation: start, pause, resume the simulation of the study case. Once the simulation is
started, an animated picture of power flow will be shown;
Case Information: The case information, input and output are summarized in the menu;
Options/Tools: providing the analyzing tools and options;
LP OPF: providing the options for OPF calculation;
Window: Like other applications, all opened files are listed here;
Help: providing help to the users.
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Name: _______________________ ID: ____________________ Date: ____/____/_______

Experiment # 7 :

Introduction to Power World Simulator (PWS)

SECTION I

(CLO 1 , PLO 1,5)

1. Introduction

Power World is a great and “Powerful” utility for solving power flows. As you learned in the last week Labs, that solving a power system is a little different from circuit analysis. Instead of being given voltage at certain nodes or impedances, you are often given load and generator powers. Most utilities use Power World or similar programs for solving their systems.

2. Procedure

Open a sample case by clicking ‘Open Case’ under ‘File’ menu. Select case B7flatlp.pwb in ‘Non- Glover & Sarma Examples’ directory. The following sample case is then loaded to the Simulator. The features of the software are then introduced using this sample case. Basic menu functions: Like other Windows applications, the upper part of the figure shows the menus and toolbars of the program, the bottom part shows the current working case. The basic menu includes the following functions: File: open, save, close and print the study case; Simulation: start, pause, resume the simulation of the study case. Once the simulation is started, an animated picture of power flow will be shown; Case Information: The case information, input and output are summarized in the menu; Options/Tools: providing the analyzing tools and options; LP OPF: providing the options for OPF calculation; Window: Like other applications, all opened files are listed here; Help: providing help to the users.

As introduced in the textbook, The PM Simulator provides two modes, one for editing and the other for running. Solve the case:

  1. Click the ‘Run Mode’ button.
  2. Select ‘Play’ of the ‘Simulation’ menu.
  3. The case is then solved. Observe the one-line diagram. Inspect results:
  4. The results can be observed directly from the one-line diagram. The voltages are listed besides the buses. The real and reactive power output of the generators, the power flows along the lines, etc. You can also change the items displayed in the one-line diagram.
  5. Output results can also be obtained from ‘Case Information’ menu. Under ‘Run Mode’, select ‘Buses’, for example, the table containing bus records appears. Tables for generators, loads, transmission lines can also be accessed similarly.

3. Create a new Case

A new case shown in the figure below can be created easily using Power World Simulator. This simple case consists of 3 buses. Bus 1 is connected to the utility (Source). A generator is connected to Bus 2. Bus 3 provides power to the load. One transmission line (from Bus 2 to 3) and one transformer (from Bus 1 to 3) build up the network. A switched shunt is available to boost bus voltage. 3.1 Input of buses Here are the steps to input Bus 1: 1). Go To ‘Edit Mode’. 2). Click ‘Insert’ menu and select ‘Bus’. 3). Place the bus to your selected position by clicking on the one-line diagram. 4). A dialog box named ‘Bus Options’ appears, shown in the next page. 5). Enter the necessary information shown in the dialog boxes into your computer. 6). Make sure the ‘System Slack Bus’ box is checked. Bus 1 is the slack bus since it is connected to the utility. 7). Click OK. This finishes the input of Bus 1.

Bus 2 and 3 can be input similarly. They are shown in the following figures. Please note:

  • Bus 2 is a PV bus and is connected to a generator. Therefore, voltage setting is needed. Enter ‘0.995’ in the corresponding box. No need to input the angle setting box.
  • Bus 3 is a typical PQ bus. Neither voltage setting nor angle setting information is needed.

This box defines the control information for the utility. The MW = 5 and Mvar output will be calculated and filled in automatically by the program. The voltage setpoint is 1.0. You can click ‘ Help ’ at any time to find out the meanings of the required fields. The dialog box containing the control information of the generator (connected to Bus 2) are shown below. Enter the data into your computer. This generator outputs 2MW. The Mvar output will be calculated and filled in by the program. The voltage setpoint is 0.995 in this case. A motor can be modeled in the same way as a generator. Just define the MW and Mvar output values to be negative.

Steps to input the load of this example:

  1. Go To ‘Edit Mode’.
  2. Click ‘Insert’ menu and select ‘Load’.
  3. Place the component close to the bus that it is connected to (Bus 3).
  4. A dialog box named ‘Load Options’ appears, shown in the figure below.
  5. Enter the necessary information shown in the dialog boxes into your computer.
  6. Click OK. This finishes the input of the load. This box defines the general information about a load. This load is a constant power load of 7MW and 6.3Mvar. Steps to input the shunt capacitor of this example:
  7. Go To ‘Edit Mode’.
  8. Click ‘Insert’ menu and select ‘Switched Shunt’.
  9. Place the component close Bus 3.
  10. A dialog box named ‘Switched Shunt Options’ appears, shown in the figure below.
  11. Enter the necessary information shown in the dialog boxes into your computer.
  12. Click OK. This finishes the input of the shunt capacitor.

This box defines the information about a transmission line. The impedance is in per unit. The per unit base value is defined in‘Solution/Environment’ option. The per unit impedance of this line is 0.06+j 0. Click ‘ Help ’ to read instructions on data input. Steps to input the transformer of this example:

  1. Go To ‘Edit Mode’.
  2. Click ‘Insert’ menu and select ‘Transformer’.
  3. Place the transformer in the one-line diagram: click the ‘from bus’ (Bus 1) of the line and then double click the ‘to bus’ (Bus 3) of the line.
  4. A dialog box named ‘Transmission Line/Transformer Options’ appears, shown in the figure in the next page.
  5. Enter the impedance information shown in the dialog boxes into your computer.
  6. Click box ‘Transformer Control’. Some new fields appear. Enter the corresponding control data.
  7. Click OK. This finishes the input of the transformer. Now the simple case has been established. You may use the procedure described in Section 2 to inspect the input data in table format.

This box defines the information about a transformer. The input impedance is in per unit. The per unit base value is defined in ‘Solution/Environment’ option. The per unit impedance of this line is 0.03+j 0.53. Click ‘ Help ’ to read instructions on data input. This box defines the control information of transformer.This transformer is not used for phase shifting. The turns ratio here is 1.01. Click ‘ Help ’ to read instructions on data input. You can also choose to display more information of the case in the one-line diagram. For example, the load parameters can be displayed according to the following steps: