Docsity
Docsity
Prepare for your exams
Prepare for your exams

Study with the several resources on Docsity

Earn points to download
Earn points to download

Earn points by helping other students or get them with a premium plan

Guidelines and tips
Guidelines and tips
Sell on Docsity
Sell on Docsity
Docsity AI
Docsity AI
Log inSign up

Prepare for your exams

Study with the several resources on Docsity

Find documents

Prepare for your exams with the study notes shared by other students like you on Docsity

Search for your university

Find the specific documents for your university's exams

Docsity AINEW

Summarize your documents, ask them questions, convert them into quizzes and concept maps

Explore questions

Clear up your doubts by reading the answers to questions asked by your fellow students

Earn points to download

Earn points by helping other students or get them with a premium plan

Share documents
download point icon20 Points

For each uploaded document

Answer questions
download point icon5 Points

For each given answer (max 1 per day)

All the ways to get free points
Get points immediately

Choose a premium plan with all the points you need

Study Opportunities

Choose your next study program

Get in touch with the best universities in the world. Search through thousands of universities and official partners

Community

Ask the community

Ask the community for help and clear up your study doubts

Free resources

Our save-the-student-ebooks!

Download our free guides on studying techniques, anxiety management strategies, and thesis advice from Docsity tutors

Power System Analysis and Design Lab: Power-Flow Analysis in Power World Simulator, Study notes of Power Distribution and Utilization

COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Abbottabad (CIITA)Power Distribution and Utilization

This is lab#8 of power system analysis and design lab manual.

Typology: Study notes

2018/2019

Uploaded on 06/18/2019

Bilal.Arif
Bilal.Arif 🇵🇰

4.9

(8)

13 documents

1 / 5

Toggle sidebar

This page cannot be seen from the preview

Don't miss anything!

bg1
Power System and Analysis and Design Lab
Lab 8
50
Name: _________________________ ID: ____________________ Date: ____/____/_______
Experiment # 8:
Power-Flow Analysis in Power World Simulator
SECTION II
(CLO 1,3, PLO 1,5)
Objective:
• To familiarize with the components of a power system
• To incorporate any alteration/modification in the power system
• To edit any generation and/or load data
• To do the load-flow study
• To check overloading of any equipment and voltage limit at any busbar
• To take corrective action for removing overloading and voltage violation.
Software: Power World Simulator
Introduction:
An electric power system consists of three principal divisions: the generating stations, the
transmission lines, and the distribution systems. Generating stations generate electrical
power and deliver it to the customers through transmission lines. Transmission lines are
the connecting links between the generating stations and the distribution systems and lead
to other power systems over interconnections. A distribution system connects all the
individual loads to the transmission lines at substations, which perform voltage
transformation and switching functions.
Under normal conditions, electrical systems operate in their steady-state mode and the
basic calculation required determining the characteristic of this state is termed load-flow
or power-flow study. The objective of load-flow calculations is to determine the steady-
state operating characteristics of the power generation/transmission system for a given set
of loads. The solution is expected to provide information of voltage magnitudes and angles
at all buses, active and reactive power flows in the individual transmission lines,
transmission line losses, and the reactive power generated or absorbed at voltage-
controlled buses. The great importance of load-flow studies is in planning the future
expansion of power systems as well as in determining the best operation of the existing
system without overloading any equipment and to keep bus voltage magnitudes within
specified limits.
pf3
pf4
pf5

Partial preview of the text

Download Power System Analysis and Design Lab: Power-Flow Analysis in Power World Simulator and more Study notes Power Distribution and Utilization in PDF only on Docsity!

Name: _________________________ ID: ____________________ Date: ____/____/_______

Experiment # 8 :

Power-Flow Analysis in Power World Simulator

SECTION II

(CLO 1 , 3 , PLO 1,5)

Objective:

  • To familiarize with the components of a power system
  • To incorporate any alteration/modification in the power system
  • To edit any generation and/or load data
  • To do the load-flow study
  • To check overloading of any equipment and voltage limit at any busbar
  • To take corrective action for removing overloading and voltage violation. Software: Power World Simulator Introduction: An electric power system consists of three principal divisions: the generating stations, the transmission lines, and the distribution systems. Generating stations generate electrical power and deliver it to the customers through transmission lines. Transmission lines are the connecting links between the generating stations and the distribution systems and lead to other power systems over interconnections. A distribution system connects all the individual loads to the transmission lines at substations, which perform voltage transformation and switching functions. Under normal conditions, electrical systems operate in their steady-state mode and the basic calculation required determining the characteristic of this state is termed load-flow or power-flow study. The objective of load-flow calculations is to determine the steady- state operating characteristics of the power generation/transmission system for a given set of loads. The solution is expected to provide information of voltage magnitudes and angles at all buses, active and reactive power flows in the individual transmission lines, transmission line losses, and the reactive power generated or absorbed at voltage- controlled buses. The great importance of load-flow studies is in planning the future expansion of power systems as well as in determining the best operation of the existing system without overloading any equipment and to keep bus voltage magnitudes within specified limits.

Operating conditions must always be selected for each study. At each bus except one, the net real power injected into the network must be specified. The power drawn by a load is the negative power input to the system. The power from generator is the positive power input. In addition, at these buses either the net flow of reactive power into the network or the magnitude of the voltage must be specified; that is, at each bus a decision is required whether the voltage magnitude or the reactive-power flow is to be maintained constant. The usual case is to specify reactive power at load buses and voltage magnitude at generator buses. In digital computer programs provision is made for the calculation to consider voltage to be maintained constant at a bus only so long as the reactive-power generation remains within designated limits. The bus, at which real-power flow is not specified, called the swing bus, is usually a bus to which a generator is connected. Obviously, the net power flow to the system cannot be fixed in advance at every bus because the loss in the system is not known until the study is complete. The generators at the swing bus supply the difference between the specified real power into the system at the other buses and the total system output plus losses. Both voltage magnitude and angle are specified at the swing bus. The computer as part of the solution determines real and reactive powers at this bus. Power/load-flow study of a power system deals with four variables at any bus. They are P, Q, V, and φ. Depending on the type of bus two of them are specified and the remaining two are determined by the load-flow study.

Table 2.1: Bus voltage V2 (p.u) Total real power losses (MW) Line flow in branch between buses 1 and 5 at bus 1 (% loading) Line flow in branch between buses 2 and 4 at bus 2 (% loading) Line flow in branch between buses 2 and 5 at bus 2 (% loading) Line flow in branch between buses 3 and 4 at bus 3 (% loading) Line flow in branch between buses 4 and 5 at bus 4 (% loading)

Short Questions:

1. Why do we go for iterative methods to solve load flow problems?

2. What are the informations that are obtained from a load flow study?

One Five Four Three 395 MW 520 MW 114 MVR 337 MVR 1.000 pu 1.0000 tap^ 1.000 pu 1.000 pu 80 MW 0.000 Deg 0.000 Deg 0.000 Deg 40 MVR 1.050 pu 0.000 Deg Total Real Power Losses: 34.80 MW 1.000 pu Two 0.000 Deg 800 MW 280 MVR Figure 1.2- Example 6- 40 Load Example 6_4 0 (see Figure 1. 2 ). In this case the transformer between buses 1 and 5 is now a tap-changing transformer. Vary the tap setting between 0.975 and 1.1, and complete Table 2. 2 after performing the Power Flow study. Table 2.2: Tap Reactive output power V 5 V 2 Total real power Setting of Generator 1 losses Instructor’s Signature Marks Obtained