MATH 152H Example Sheet 1b: Limits, Integrals, and Properties of Continuous Functions - Pr, Study notes of Mathematics

Examples and exercises on limits, integrals, and properties of continuous functions. Topics include evaluating limits using riemann sums, proving properties of odd and even functions, and calculating integrals of various functions. Students of calculus and real analysis will find this document useful for studying and preparing exams.

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Pre 2010

Uploaded on 02/10/2009

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Sivakumar MATH 152H
Example Sheet 1b
1. Recall that, if fis continuous on [a, b], then
Zb
a
f(x)dx = lim
n→∞
ba
n
n
X
k=1
fa+k(ba)
n.
Use this to evaluate the following limit:
lim
n→∞
1
n1
n+ 1 +1
n+ 2 +· ·· +1
n+n.
2. Suppose fis a continuous function and ais a fixed positive number. Prove the following
statements:
(i) If fis an odd function, then Za
a
f(x)dx = 0.
(ii) If fis an even function, then Za
a
f(x)dx = 2 Za
0
f(x)dx.
3. Evaluate the following integrals:
(a) Z3
0|x(x2)|dx
(b) Zcot x dx
(c) Ze4
e
dx
xln x
(d) Z4
0
x
2x+ 1 dx
(e) Zx
1 + x4dx
(f) Zx3px2+ 1 dx
(g) Zπ/2
π/2
x2sin x
1 + x6dx
(h) Za
0
xpa2x2dx, where ais a fixed positive number
4. If aand bare positive integers, show that
Z1
0
xa(1 x)bdx =Z1
0
xb(1 x)adx.
1
pf2

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Sivakumar MATH 152H

Example Sheet 1b

  1. Recall that, if f is continuous on [a, b], then

∫ (^) b

a

f (x) dx = lim n→∞

b − a

n

∑^ n

k=

f

a +

k(b − a)

n

Use this to evaluate the following limit:

lim n→∞

n

[

n + 1

n + 2

n + n

]

  1. Suppose f is a continuous function and a is a fixed positive number. Prove the following statements:

(i) If f is an odd function, then

∫ (^) a

−a

f (x) dx = 0.

(ii) If f is an even function, then

∫ (^) a

−a

f (x) dx = 2

∫ (^) a

0

f (x) dx.

  1. Evaluate the following integrals:

(a)

0

|x(x − 2)| dx

(b)

cot x dx

(c)

∫ (^) e^4

e

dx

x

ln x

(d)

0

x √ 2 x + 1

dx

(e)

x

1 + x^4

dx

(f)

x

3

x^2 + 1 dx

(g)

∫ (^) π/ 2

−π/ 2

x^2 sin x

1 + x^6

dx

(h)

∫ (^) a

0

x

a^2 − x^2 dx, where a is a fixed positive number

  1. If a and b are positive integers, show that

0

xa(1 − x)b^ dx =

0

xb(1 − x)a^ dx.

  1. Suppose f is differentiable and f ′^ is continuous. Show that

∫ (^) b

a

f (x)f

′ (x) dx = [f (b)]

2 − [f (a)]

2 .

  1. Suppose f is a given continous function.

(i) Use the substitution u = π − x to show that

∫ (^) π

0

xf (sin x) dx =

π

2

∫ (^) π

0

f (sin x) dx.

(ii) Use (i) to evaluate the integral ∫ (^) π

0

x sin x

1 + cos^2 x

dx.

  1. (i) Suppose that f is a continuous function, and that a is a fixed nonzero number. Show that

∫ (^) a

0

f (a − x) dx =

∫ (^) a

0

f (x) dx.

(ii) Suppose that n is a fixed (but arbitrary) positive integer. Use (i) to compute

∫ (^) π/ 2

0

cosn^ x

cosn^ x + sinn^ x

dx.