PHY2054: Chapter 23 1
Chapter 23 Quiz
ÎWhich of the following is
not
a principal ray?
(1) 1
(2) 2
(3) 3
(4) 4
(5) All are principal rays
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Chapter 23: Optics - Principal Rays, Mirrors, Refraction, Lenses, and Ray Diagrams, Study notes of Physics
Information on various topics related to optics, such as principal rays, concave and convex mirrors, images from mirrors and refraction, atmospheric refraction, and thin lenses. It also includes examples and quiz questions to help students understand the concepts.
Typology: Study notes
Pre 2010
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PHY2054: Chapter 23
Chapter 23 Quiz
Î
Which of the following is
not a principal ray?
(1) 1
(2) 2
(3) 3
(4) 4
(5) All are principal rays
PHY2054: Chapter 23
Concave and Convex Mirrors
R^2
f^
PHY2054: Chapter 23
Mirror Example
q
q +^
=^
f
C
1
2
3
¾
2 cm tall object (h = 2),
80 cm from mirror (p = 80)
¾
Mirror: 100 cm radius of curvature concave towards object (R = +100)
(^
)
q
M
p
h^
h
−^
Roughly agrees with ray diagram (good to check it)
PHY2054: Chapter 23
5
Images Formed by Refraction
(^12)
n q
h
M
h
n p
1
2
2
n
n
n
n
p
q
− R
PHY2054: Chapter 23
Example: Image in Pool
q^
p^
p
n^1
n^2
n^21
q^
p n = − So depth of image is about3/4 depth of object
PHY2054: Chapter 23
Atmospheric Refraction
¾
Refraction in atmosphere makes sun always appear higher in sky ¾
Can see the sun even when it is below the horizon!
PHY2054: Chapter 23
Approaching Car on Hot Road
PHY2054: Chapter 23
Floating Iceberg! Cold Air, Warm Water
PHY2054: Chapter 23
Thin Lenses
PHY2054: Chapter 23
Thin Lenses f
f Converging Lens
Rays parallel to axis refractand pass through focal point
f > 0
f
f^ Diverging Lens
Rays parallel to axis refract andappear to emerge from focal point
f < 0
PHY2054: Chapter 23
Finding Image from Lens: Example
15cm
q
q +^
=^
¾
f = 10 cm ¾
p = 30 cm ¾
h = 4 cm
q 2cm
M
p
h
PHY2054: Chapter 23
Principal Ray Diagrams for Lenses
q > 0
PHY2054: Chapter 23
Principal Ray Diagrams for Lenses (cont)
q < 0
PHY2054: Chapter 23
Calculating Focal Length for Thin Lenses
(^
)^
1
2
n
f^
R^
R
⎛^
=^
−^
⎜^
⎝^
⎠^
Lensmaker’s equation
Sign convention
R < 0
R > 0