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Previewing and Predicting: Techniques for Effective Reading Comprehension, Study Guides, Projects, Research of Research Methodology

Université de SétifResearch Methodology

The importance of previewing and predicting as reading comprehension strategies. It outlines the steps involved in previewing a text, including examining the title, pictures, and key sentences. The document also explains the concept of predicting, emphasizing the role of inference and anticipation in reading. It provides examples and exercises to illustrate these techniques.

Typology: Study Guides, Projects, Research

2024/2025

Available from 03/08/2025

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PREVIEWING AND PREDICTING
A. Definition of Previewing
Previewing is a speed reading activity. This activity allows the reader to put the
text in context. This activity also helps to assess the level of difficulty of a reading
text, and how deep the background knowledge is on the topic being discussed. So,
this is the analogy. If you are about to start a journey, and you already have a map
then you can plan your trip. You will also have an idea of what you will encounter
during the trip.
Such is the benefit of previewing. Because you skim first, it will make it
easier
for you when doing reading activities. Previewing also givesyou the experience that
you can extract the essence of information from a reading text without having to read
it word for word. This previewing activity also provides the ability to become one of
the basic capitals to increase the level of reading speed and also to be further used in
skimming.
When you gather information about a book by examining it'scover, you are
previewing. The aim of previewing is to help you to predict or make some "educated
guesess" about what's in the books. That is what you do when you preview.
Now, let's try to do previewing with read the following passage.
Example 1:
“The first time you try it, ask someone to help you. You may fall if no one holds you
up. It is a good idea to start on the sidewalk. The street may be dangerous. After you
start, do not stop. Try to go faster. That will help youto stay up. Remember, even little
children can do this. And once you learn how, you will never forget.”
What is the passage about?Can you
answer?
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pf4
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PREVIEWING AND PREDICTING

A. Definition of Previewing Previewing is a speed reading activity. This activity allows the reader to put the text in context. This activity also helps to assess the level of difficulty of a reading text, and how deep the background knowledge is on the topic being discussed. So, this is the analogy. If you are about to start a journey, and you already have a map then you can plan your trip. You will also have an idea of what you will encounter during the trip. Such is the benefit of previewing. Because you skim first, it will make it easier for you when doing reading activities. Previewing also givesyou the experience that you can extract the essence of information from a reading text without having to read it word for word. This previewing activity also provides the ability to become one of the basic capitals to increase the level of reading speed and also to be further used in skimming. When you gather information about a book by examining it'scover, you are previewing. The aim of previewing is to help you to predict or make some "educated guesess" about what's in the books. That is what you do when you preview. Now, let's try to do previewing with read the following passage. Example 1: “The first time you try it, ask someone to help you. You may fall if no one holds you up. It is a good idea to start on the sidewalk. The street may be dangerous. After you start, do not stop. Try to go faster. That will help youto stay up. Remember, even little children can do this. And once you learn how, you will never forget.” What is the passage about?Can you answer?

If not, let’s take a look at the following this picture. Can you guess? If you answer is learning to ride a bicycle, then you are right. Picture help you understand. Before you read, always look at the pictures (if there are any). You can learn a lot about a passage if you head just a few imfortant sentences. This is the reason for previewing. Steps to consider when previewing:

  1. Read the title,
  2. See pictures if any,
  3. Read a few sentences in the first paragraph,
  4. Read the first sentence of another sentence,
  5. Read the last sentence of the last paragraph,
  6. Pay attention to the names, dates and numbers. Guidelines for previewing and predicting longer passages:
  7. Read the title: What is the passage about? Do you know anything about this subject? 8.Decide what kind of text it is; is it an essay, an argument, a story, an explanation? Does it seem difficult? 9.Look at the way the text is organized; is it divided into parts? Are there sub-titles? If so, what do they tell you about the way the subject is presented? 10.Read very quickly the first line of each paragraph or sub-division; can you tell what the passage is about? Do you already know something about it? 11.Notice names, numbers, dates, and words that are repeated; do you recognize any of them? 12.Read quickly the last few sentences in the final paragraph; what is the author’s final point? Is it a conclusion or a summary?

d) not busy

  1. She goes to play in …. a) large theaters b) small theaters c) New York d) all of the above
  2. Tomiko has …………………….. a) few interest b) few friends many interests d) nothing to do c) Well, Now Read the Complete Reading Text! Tomiko is happy to be a student in New York. She is studying English at Columbia University. She plans to finish her English course in June. Then she will work on his master’s degree in at New York University. Tomiko likes many beautiful buildings in New York. In fact, she plans to become an architect. Then she can build great buildings too. She also likes the people in New York. There are many different kinds of people. They speak many languages. Tomiko has made new friends from other countries. Best of all, Tomiko loves the theaters in New York. She goes to plays almost every week. Some times the place are in the theaters on Broadway. Sometimes, the place are in small theaters in other parts of the city. Tomiko is far from her home in Japan. But she is not sad. She goes to classes every day. She visits her friends. She goes to see new places. And she attends many plays. She is very busy and happy in New York. How many questions did you answer correctly even though you didn't read the whole thing? You can know a lot about a text even if you only read a few important sentences in the text.

B. Definition of Predicting Predicting is a reading skill in which the reader has awareness and vigilance of the thought process that occurs when we draw an "inference". Some of the learning activities here will show how to find indications of evidence for the inferences made. When you make a prediction, you are predicting what will occur. You will be a good reader, if you make predictions. As you read, guess what will happen next. When you read a story, it doesn’t hurt you also guess what will happen next. You will psychologically anticipate by making predictions. You can using ilustrations or pictures to help make predictions. Use pictures to make predictions. You will be faced with several pictures, and several story titles. And you have to predict which title will follow the following pictures.

1. 2. Now try to predict what is the right title to describe what is in the picture! Example:

  1. Woman in Science

References

https://www.academia.edu/22921297/UNIT_1_PREVIEWING_AND_PREDICTI NG https://ejournal.upi.edu/index.php/L-E/article/download/4627/ Rukmini, Nini. "Improving Reading Comprehension Of The Grade Eight Students By Applying Previewing And Predicting Technique." e-Journal of ELTS (English Language Teaching Society) 2.4. Riyanto, Agus. "Previewing and Predicting." Hani, Umi. "PREVIEWING AND PREDICTING ON STUDENTS‟ READING ASSIGNMENT (A CASE STUDY IN THE SECOND SEMESTER)." PROCEEDINGS UNIVERSITAS PAMULANG 1.1 (2020).