Problem Solving Questions - Cognitive Psychology - Lecture Slides, Slides of Cognitive Psychology

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Cognitive Psychology

Review Questions

Why are we not naturally good at fully understanding the context of analogies?

True or False - People in general are not very good at using analogies because they are not able to notice the similarity between the problems. They are too focused on the superficial aspects of the analogy.

T/F: Algorithms are approaches to problem solving that do not guarantee a correct answer.

True or False - Heuristics are informal strategies or approaches used to solve a problem and always guarantee the correct answer.

What is means-end analysis?

1.) Chase & Simon investigate differences in problem solving techniques & found: a.) Experts and novices performed equally well when the chess game pieces were in position. b.) Novices performed better when the game pieces were scrambled. c.) Novices performed better when the game pieces were in position. d.) Experts and novices performed equally well when the pieces were scrambled.

1. Which is false as to why experts are superior to novices at problem solving in their domain of expertise?

a) they have a superior knowledge base

b) have an effective use of top-down processing

c) focus on underlying similarity rather than surface similarity

d) none of the above

6. What is the difference between initial state, intermediate state and goal state?

7. What is it called when a person inhibits uses for objects because of the predispositional use for that object?

1. Name and describe two factors that influence problem solving.

1. ????? thinking is open-ended and for which there are a large number of potential “solutions” and no “correct” answer.

a. convergent b. preservation c. divergent d. none of the above

10. How do people use convergent thinking?