

Study with the several resources on Docsity
Earn points by helping other students or get them with a premium plan
Prepare for your exams
Study with the several resources on Docsity
Earn points to download
Earn points by helping other students or get them with a premium plan
Material Type: Assignment; Class: Computer Networks; Subject: Computer Science; University: University of Maryland; Term: Spring 2006;
Typology: Assignments
1 / 2
This page cannot be seen from the preview
Don't miss anything!


<>=@?BADCFEHGJIKML CONPKQGE@GFGJKMR@LPSUT/LHCV KXWMWY1T%CO=ZV AFK[CFT%EZGOKMLPR@WMT\PAF=@RHAFE@S&CFNBE]C^BAFGJCEH_CFGE@GES?BW[CFKM_/E@GJCGOT3LBabT/AE@LBa CONBT3L EcS?PWXCOKQ_3EHGdCDWMKMGJCOT/LPT3Afe ghNPKQG E@GFGJKMR@LBScT/L+ChKQGCO=Y1Tab=HLPTiKXLBaPKXjkKQab?BElWMWMm@e
n oqp%rcs-thuZs
v j@T/ADCFNPTUAOTfGdC=lw>CFNPTcGOT3SUTfGdCFT3Afx1VTV KMWMWYB?PKXWQayEZjkKXAOCO?zElWLPT{CdV=@AFI ?BGJKMLPRE|{=HSYPKMLBElCOKM=@L}=@w9S?PWXCOKQ_3EHGdCw~AElSUT/GcCF= T3S%?PWQE]COTiS%?PW[CFK[E@/{TfGOGhLPT3CdV#=HAOIbG9E@LBa?PLPKQ_3E@GJC CO?BLPLPT3WQGhCF=cT/S?PWQE]CFTEcYBE@IkY1=@LPTiLPT3CdV#=HAOI7e
?PKMWMabKMLPRCONPKQGEl\B\PWXKQ_3ElCOKM=@LYPWXT/LBaPGcLPT3CdV#=HAOIHT/aE@\P\PWMKM_/E]COKM=@LabT3jHT3WM=@\PSUT/LHCUV KXCONGJKMS?PWQE]CFKX=HLBGc=lwLBT{CdV=@AFIy\BAO=@ CO=b_3=@WQG3xGJ= m@=H?yGONP=H?PWMaY1TZElYPWMTUCO= YP?PKMWQaYz=@CONLPT{CdV=@AFI \PAF=lCF=k_3=@WQGiElLBayLPT3CdV#=HAOI}E@\P\PWMKM_/E]COKM=@LzGE]CCONBTT3LBay=lwCONBT GOT3SUT/GJCOT/A/e
tD}/3r t
DzPT3YBAO?BE@AOm fPe)gElI@TiLP=@COTH>ghNPKMGhKQG =HLPWXmEl\P\PAF=bKXS`ElCOT3WMm f@WMKMLPT/G =@w) _{=babTHe
¡ ¢£t¤|¥ {¦)t§trcs-¨
ghNPT\PAF=@RHAFE@S©GJNP=H?PWQaaP=%CdV=cCONPKMLPR+GhKXL T{PEH_COWMm`CFNPT=@AabT3AhY1T3WM=]Ve
ª KMAGdCfxPGJT/LBa^ E%SUTfGOGFElRHTCF=UEUS%?PWXCOKQ_3E@GJCDE@aPaPAOTfGOG/xPGJ\1T/_3K[^zT/aYzT/WX=]Ve
ª¬« T{kCfxP\PAFKXL+CDElWMWSUT/GFGOE@R@T/GAFT/3T3KMj@T/aE]ChCFNPTS?PWXCOKQ_3EHGdCEHaPabAFT/GFG?PL+COKMWCONPT\BAO=b{TfGOGhKQGhKMLHCFT3AFAO?B\bCOTfa®{=@L+CFAO=HW[/{e
¯ ° tD¨¨±%t³²lp%¦>§"s
<>=@?BA ScTfGOGFElRHTNBT/E@aPT3ADGONP=@?PWQa_{=@LzGJKQGdCD=@wCFNPTiw~=@WMWX=]V KMLPRz
´μf¶k·P¸b¹@· ºP»H¼1½bμ]¾@¶#¿ ÀbÁÂP´7½]·ÄÃB»ÆÅÄÁHÀ ´μf¶k·P¸b¹@· ·k·BÇ-¿ ÀbÁÂP´7½]·ÄÃB»ÆÅÄÁHÀ ´μf¶k·ÈÅÉb¹@·ÊBËHÌBÇ+¾+Ë+ÍP¹kÇ+»l¶bÎk·+Ï#¿ ÀbÁ¬ÃkÌk·P»B½Ðb¾bÇ+Ç+¾@Ñμf¶kη+ÏB»ÏB»kËHÍb»H¼ ÁHÀ ´μf¶k·PÒkÓb¹@·ÄËBÔkÔ@¾@´+¶b·B¹Bμ]Ík»@¶b·7μ]Ðzμl»@¼9¿ÕÀbÁÍzμÎ7μ·1½¾HÐ ÌP¾l´b¼ÖËBÔkÔ@¾@´+¶b·¶BËÂ7»×ÁHÀ ´μf¶k·PÒkÓb¹@·Ö½@¾@´b¼1Ôl»b¹+Ë+ÍkÍH¼P»B½k½¿ ÀbÁ¬´+¶k´7½@»+ÍÄÐk¾H¼ ¶P¾@ÑØÁHÀ ´μf¶k·PÒkÓb¹@·Íb»B½]·7μ/¶BËH·7μl¾l¶z¹+Ë+ÍkÍH¼P»P½k½È¿ÀbÁ¬´+¶k´7½@»+ÍÄÐk¾H¼ ¶P¾@ÑØÁHÀ ´μf¶k·ÈÅÉb¹@·ÖÔÏB»BÔ]Ùz½´@ ÀbÁ¬´+¶k´7½@»+ÍÄÐk¾H¼ ¶P¾@ÑØÁHÀ ´μf¶k·ÈÅÉb¹@·Êb¼P¾H·P¾PÔ@¾bÇ ÀbÁÂP´7½]·ÄÃB»ÆÅÄÁHÀ
ª ghNPTCdm+\1T/GD?BGJTfaE@Yz=]jHT_3ElLY1Tiw~=@?PLBaKMLÈ
Ú μf¶7ÔHÇl´bÍb»ÄÛBμf¶k·k·kÌ+ÊB»P½-ÜÝÏzÞ
ª¬ß WMWÈj]ElWM?PT/GhS%?BGdCDY1TKMLLPT3CdV#=HAOI|Y+m+CFT=HAFaPT3Afe
ªghNPTiNPT/EHabT3ADGONP=@?BWMaYzTiw~=HWXWM=]VT/aY+mEcGJCOAFKMLPRBxb\PAF=]jkKMaPT/a=@LCONPT_3=@SUS`ElLBaWXKMLPTEHG3
ÜJÀ+¾@¶B» HÏB»Â7»B½k½@Ë@ÎP»
ghNBE]C KQG3xbCFNPTGJCOAFKXLPRzxbK[w-R@KMj@T/LÈxbV KMWXWY1TKXL (^) ËH¼kÎkº{Å e
ª <>=@?PA^ T3kTf_{?bCElYPWMTiS?BGJCDY1TLBElSUT/a^ J=HLPT w~=HA^ CONBTiCOT/GJCOKMLPRGF_{AFKX\bCGCO==H\zT/AFElCOT{=HAOAFT/{COWMmb{e
ª ghNPTiS?PWXCOKQ_3EHGdCEHaPabAFT/GFG9CF=`YzT?zGJTfa|KQG^ ÓkÓ #Ü9Ü>Ü3ÅkÅkÅ x]\z=HAJCbe
ª =ULP=@CGJT/LBaZCFNPTLk?PWMW[^ COT/AOSUKMLBE]CFKXLPRUYkm+COTHxBab=ULP=lCDT3b\zTf_C^ CO=`GOT3TCONBTL+?BWXWCFT3AFSUKXLBElCOKMLPRUYkmHCFT@e
yTV KMWMWzCFT/GJC V NPT{CFNPT3A mH=@?PAh_{=babTGOT3LBaPGhE%j]ElWMKMaSUT/GFGOE@R@TV KXCONCONBTRHKXjHT3LGdCFAOKMLPRc=@LB_3TE@LBa|=HLPWMm=@LB_3T@xkV NPT{CFNPT3A m@=H?PA _{=babTi\PAFKXL+CGhAOTf_{T3KMj@TfaZSUT/GFGFElR@TfG>CF=GdCab=@?bCfxb=@\bCFKX=HLBElWMWMmZV K[CFNGO=@SUTiNPTfE@abKMLPRBxkV NPT3CONPT/AhCONPTGOmbGdCFT3S /ElWMWMGS`E@aPT YkmZm@=H?PAD{=babTE@\P\zTfElAD_3=@AFAOTf_C/xbE@LBaE@LkmHCFNPKMLPRUT3WQGJTVTCONPKMLPI|=@wKMLCONPTLPT3kC w~T3V aPEmbG3e
¦>r 3r ±%¨
ª =^ LP=@CÈKXLz_{AFT/E@GOTCONPT#g^ gU=lwbS?PWXCOKQ_3EHGdCÈSUTfGOGFElRHT/G1w~AF=@S^ CFNPT9abT3w^ El?PWXCÈ=lwb=HLPTfCONzE]CÈKQG3x]ab=^ LP=@CÈ?BGOT^ ¹ "! $#&%('^ B¹)! e
ª +* w#m@=H?PA3E@WXW-CF=YBKXLBa®w^ ElKMWQG3xÈKXCKMGiY1T//El?BGOTUm@=H?^ =@AE@LP=lCFNPT3AGJCO?BaPT3L+CNBE@GiLP=@C\PAO=H\zT/AOWMm}GOT{C,')-^ ¹./ '/%00^. COT3SU\1=@AElAFKXWMm?BGOTEabK 21 7T3AFT3L+C \1=@AOC/e
ª >LBGO?PAFT^ CFNBE]C^ mH=@?^ _3E@LÖAF?PL^ SU=@AFTCFNBElL^ =HLPT^ KXLzGdCElLB_3T^ \PAF=k_3T/GFGF=@wcmH=@?PA^ \PAF=@RHAFE@S"E]C^ ECOKMSUTYkm^ ?BGOKXLBR '- (^) ¹./ '/%00 (^). e
ª ghNPTiSUElbKXS%?PS^ GOK^43 /Ti=lwE@L^ * 65 \zE@_I@T3C^ KMG7&bx8^ YkmHCFT/G/e
9 :<;>=t@?s)BActD¨
ß C CONBTT3LBa=lwCONPKQGDEHGOGOKXRHLPSUT3L+C/xbmH=@?^ GJNB=@?PWQa|?BLBabT3AGJCFElLza
ª EHGJKQ_GJ=b_I@T3Chw~?PLB_CFKX=HL^ 3ElWMWQGw~=@AD{=HLPLPTf_COKM=@LBWXTfGOG®aPE]CElR@AElSZ#GJT/AOjkKQ_{TH-GO=b_I@T3C/xkYPKMLBaxzGOT3LzakCO=zxbAOTf_{j+w~AO=HS^ e
ª DC T/GFGOE@R@TfG#EHG^ aPElCFElCdm+\1T/G/e
ª DE =HGJCDElLBaLPT3CdV#=HAOIZYkm+COTi=HAFabT/AOKMLPRzx+N+CF=@LBG/xbN+CO=@LBW®xPL+CF=@NBG/xbL+CO=@NBW®e
ª F^ =b_I@T{CG3xbGO=b_IEHaPabAfxbKXLBT{C^ EHaPabAfxbKXLBT{C^ L+CF=@\Èx