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Programming for Highschool students, Lecture notes of Mathematics

Mathematics

Notes for programming that can be used

Typology: Lecture notes

2018/2019

Uploaded on 04/14/2019

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bg1
THE LANGUAGE OF A COMPUTER
• Uses Digital Signals
•All 0’s and I’s (Binary)
• Bits (Binary Digits)
• Data and Commands Stored in Binary
• 8 bits in b
• ASCII character stored in a byte
• Integers Storage
EVOLUTION OF PROGRAMMING
LANGUAGES
• Early computers programmed in Machine
Languages
• All Binary numbers
• Assembly language used mnemonic codes
• Codes translated into
machine language by a
program called the
assembler.
ASSEMBLY
LANGUAGE
MACHINE
LANGUAGE
Load 100100
Stop 100110
Mile 101110
Add 110110
SOB 100111
EVOLUTION OF PROFRAMMING
LANGUAGES
• High level languages read like
combination of English and Algebra.
Languages:
1. Program Language
2. Machine Language
3. Assembly Language
4. High Level Language
FLOWCHART
• Programmer prepares flowchart before
coding.
MOST COMMON FLOW CHART
SYMBOLS
Flow lines
Begin/End
Initialization
Decision
THE LIFE CYCLE OF SOFTWARE:
•PHASE I : Specification
• Prototype Program
■A program that stimulates
the behaviour of portions
of the desired software
product.
•PHASE II : Design
• Includes :
■Dividing the program into
modules.
■Specifying the purpose of
each module.
pf3
pf4

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THE LANGUAGE OF A COMPUTER

  • Uses Digital Signals
    • (^) All 0’s and I’s (Binary)
    • Bits (Binary Digits)
  • Data and Commands Stored in Binary
    • 8 bits in b
    • ASCII character stored in a byte
    • Integers Storage

EVOLUTION OF PROGRAMMING

LANGUAGES

  • Early computers programmed in Machine Languages - All Binary numbers
  • Assembly language used mnemonic codes
    • Codes translated into machine language by a program called the assembler.

ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE

MACHINE

LANGUAGE

Load 100100 Stop 100110 Mile 101110 Add 110110 SOB 100111

EVOLUTION OF PROFRAMMING

LANGUAGES

  • High level languages read like combination of English and Algebra.

Languages:

  1. Program Language
  2. (^) Machine Language
  3. Assembly Language
  4. High Level Language

FLOWCHART

  • Programmer prepares flowchart before coding.

MOST COMMON FLOW CHART SYMBOLS Flow lines

Begin/End

Initialization

Decision

THE LIFE CYCLE OF SOFTWARE:

  • PHASE I : Specification
    • Prototype Program

■ A program that stimulates the behaviour of portions of the desired software product.

  • PHASE II : Design
    • Includes :

■ Dividing the program into modules.

■ Specifying the purpose of each module.

■ Specifying the data flow among modules.

  • (^) PHASE III : Risk Analysis
    • Building software entails risks
    • Techniques exist to identify, assess, and manage the risks.
  • PHASE IV : Verification
    • Formal methods can be used to prove.

JAVA BACKGROUND

HISTORY

  • Java was created by James Gosling et al. Of Sun Microsystems.
  • (^) Initially called Oak, in honour of the tree outside Gosling’s window.
  • It was changed to Java because there was already a language called Oak.
  • The original motivation for Java was the need for platform Independent language that could be embedded in various consumer electronic products like toasters, and refrigerators. One of the first projects developed using Java was a personal hand held remote control named Star I.
  • At about the same time, the World Wide Web and the Internet were gaining popularity. Gosling et.al. Realized that Java could be used for Internet Programming.

WHAT IS JAVA TECHNOLOGY?

  • A Programming Language
    • As a programming language, Java can create all kinds of

applications that you could create using any conventional programming language.

  • A Development Environment
    • As a development environment, Java Technology provided you with a large suite of tools; a computer, an interpreter, a documentation generator, a class file packaging tool, and so on.
  • An Application Environment
    • Java Technology applications are typically general-purpose programs that run on any machine where the Java Runtime Environment (JRE) is installed.
  • Garbage Collection
    • Man programming languages allows a programmer to allocate memory; there should be a way to deallocate that memory block in order for other programs to use it again. In C, C++, and other languages the programmer is

Compile the Program

Java Compiler File with Class extension (java byte codes)

Run the Program

Java Interpreter Program Output