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Psychology 109 - Topic 1 Uoa
Exam Questions With Correct
Answers
When |does |amnesia |and |aphasia |occur? |- |CORRECT | ANSWER✔✔-We |have |amnesia |and |aphasia |when |a | psychological |process |goes |wrong. 3 |items |important |to |perception |- |sun |produces |it |- | CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-light |is |electromagnetic |radiation | amplitude |is |an |important |determinant |of |precived | brightness | wavelength: |an |important |determinant |of |precived |colour what |nm |range |can |the |eye |detect |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔- The |eye |can |detect |about | 360 |- | 750 |of |the |electromagnetic | spectrum Name |the |two |types |of |perception |disabilities |- |CORRECT | ANSWER✔✔-mypoia |and |hypermetropia |/ |HYPEROPIA
What |is |mypoia |and |how |can |it |be |fixed? |- |CORRECT | ANSWER✔✔-mypoia |when |cant |see |things |far |away, |ie | short |sighted. |Fixed |through |a |concave |lens, |which |correct | mypoia What |is |hypermetropia |/ |HYPEROPIAand |how |can |it |be | fixed? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-hypermetropia: |objects |that | are |nearby |are |blurry, |ie |long |sighted |, |a |convax |lens | corrects |hypermetropi. |ALSO |CALLED |HYPEROPIA What |does |light |have |to |pass |through |before |it |reaches |the | cones |and |rods? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Light |passes | through |many |cells |before |it |reachs |the |rods |and |cones what |does |fovea |specialize |in? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔- Fovea |working |in |preception |of |fine |detail. what |is |blind |spot |and |filling? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔- Blindspot |and |filling; | when |u |close |one |eye |the |brain |fills |in |the |blind |spot what |are |two |things |the |the |duplex |theory? |- |CORRECT | ANSWER✔✔-Cones |and |rods
Photopic |Vision |- |describe |its |features |- |CORRECT | ANSWER✔✔-- |daylight |vision |
- |high |acuity |( |can |see |fine |detail) |
- |low |sensitivity |(about | 560 |nm, |yellow) |
- |see |with |cons |and |rods scotopic |Vision |- |describe |its |features |- |CORRECT | ANSWER✔✔-- |Night |time |vision |(takes | 30 |mins |to |adapt |to | the |dark) |
- |low |acuity |(loss |of |seeing |fine |detail) |
- |see |through |rods |
- |high |sensitivity |(about | 510 |nm |green) Visual |pigments |- |rods |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-The |light | sensitive |visual |pigment |of |the |rod |is |called |the |rhodospin. | When |photons |of |light |are |absorbed |by |the |rhodospin |a | change |occurs |and |it |causes |the |rods |photorecpeter |to |fire. Visual |pigments |- |cones |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Important | for |colour |vision, |they |have | 3 |pigments |which |are |highly | sensitive |to |light |of |different |wave |lengths Major |structures |of |the |eye |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Fevoa, | optical |nerve, |blindspot, |cornea, |Pupil, |lens, |iris |and |cornea |- |you |have |to |be |able |to |draw |the |eye |and |name |these.
What |is |Visual |perception |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-although | our |eyes |pick |up |light |of |objects, |light |and |different |colours | aren't |what |we |see, |instead |we |see |meaningful |objects. What |is |the |'Computational |paradox' |- |CORRECT | ANSWER✔✔-The |idea |that |everyday |mental |processes |we | prefom |involve |complex |computations. |Whereas |mental | tasks |that |require |high |intelligence |invovle |less |complex | computations. |The |difference |between |metal |tasks |& | intelligence |tasks |is |the |coputational |paradox. What |is |brain |power |devoted |most |towards? |- |CORRECT | ANSWER✔✔-vision, |the |quality, |the |colour |and |meaning | behind |perceiving |an |object, |requires |a |lot |of |brain |power. What |are |Gestalt |principles |of |preception |- |CORRECT | ANSWER✔✔-'The |whole |is |greater |than |the |some' the |theory |that |says |all |objects |are |seen |in |their |simplest | form |and |the |whole |of |an |object |is |more |important |than |its | individual |parts |- |emphasizes |perceptual |organisation What |are |the |main |ways |the |visual |system |organises | incoming |visual |info |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-- |Perceptual | depth |
- |Perceptual |organisation
Depth |preception |and |motion |- |motion |parallax |- |CORRECT | ANSWER✔✔-When |you |shake |your |head |side |to |side |fast, | you |notice |only |near |objects |move, |distant |objects |hardly | move. 2 |cues |in |depth |perception? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔- Monocular |cues: |occulusion, |linear |prespective, |texture | gradients, |shading |& |light |and |motion |parallax. | Binocular |cues: |Binocular |convergance |and |binocular | disparity. What |is |occlusion |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-perceptual | system |adopts |simplest |hypothesis what |is |Preceving |consistency |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔- Variation |in |distance, |viewing |angle, |illumination |level | effected |by: a. |Size | b. |Shape c. |brightness This |is |the |idea |that |you |see |familiar |objects |regardless |of | the | 3 |factors |above.
What |are |the | 2 |phases |of |perception? |- |CORRECT | ANSWER✔✔-Phase |one |ogranising |the |word |(preceptual; | organisation, |depth, |consistency) | Phase |two |recognising |objects What |are |the | 2 |basis |of |visual |perception? |- |CORRECT | ANSWER✔✔-- |Feature |detectors |
- |Two |Visual |pathways |(left |and |right |eye) perception |and |attention |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Visual | pathways |are |linked |to |primary |visual |cortex, |which |allows | us |to |precevie |and |pay |attention |to |what |we |see. What |are |the |four |lobes |- |in |relation |to |attention |and | preception |? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-1. |Frontal |Lobe
- |occipital |lobe
- |parietal |lobe |
- |Temporal |lobe What |is |the |flow |of |the |visual |pathways |- |CORRECT | ANSWER✔✔-From |retina |-> |optic |nerve |-> |lateral | geniculate |-> |nucleus |of |thalamus |-> |V1 |(primary |sensory | area |in |occipital |lobe).
- |unable |to |reach |or |point |accurately. | idea |of |visual |guided |actions Name |the |problem |with |recognizing |faces |- |CORRECT | ANSWER✔✔-Prosopagnosia |- |the |man |who |mistook |his |wife | for |a |hat. why |does |preception |without |awareness |occur? |- |CORRECT | ANSWER✔✔-occurs |from |blindsight |in |result |from |damage | in |occipital |lobe |and |V blindSight |how |can |it |be |solved? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔- slove |it |by |forcing |choice, |the |guess |work |bypasses |V1. What |does |blind |sight |occur |from |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔- Submtiminal |preception |- |reaction |that |occurs |without | awareness |or |consciousness | semantic |primining |effect |- |understand |from |related |words, | nurse |relates |to |doctor What |is |marcel |experiments? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-used | for |people |with |problems |of |replication
What |grabs |attention |and |what |doesnt? |- |CORRECT | ANSWER✔✔-When |an |object |pops |out |and |when |objects |do | not |differ |from |the |background. Name |the |Attention |two |types |of |attention |- |CORRECT | ANSWER✔✔-- |reflective |attention |
- |voluntary |attention What |is |reflective |attention? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔- Automatic |cpature |of |attention |by |the |most |noticeable/ | important |features |or |colour What |is |voluntary |attention? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-You | intentionally |focus |on |your |attention.
- |Searching |for |a |combination |of |features.
- |Time |consuming, |item-by-item |search.
- |Attention |as |a |mental |spotlight. Where |are |these |two |attentions |managed? |- |CORRECT | ANSWER✔✔-At |the |fronto |- |parietal |attention |network |the | brain |shifts |between |the |etwo How |does |the |Fronto-parietal |attention |network |- |voluntary | attention |work |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-- |across |BOTH | hemispheres. |
The |attentional |blink |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-RSVP |(rapid | serial |visual |presentation) |technique Sequence |of |10-20 |items |presented |for |100ms |each Look |for |numbers |in |the |rapid |sequence.
- |when |you |blink |after |your |attention |is |grabbed What |are |the |memory |features? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔- Encoding Storage | Retrievel What |is |Anterograde |amnesia |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔- inability |to |form |new |memories |- |solved |through |using | diaries What |is |retrograde |amnesia |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔- inability |to |remember |old |information |- |short |term |memory | works |though Facts |about |Anterograde |amnesia |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-
- |H.M. |- |the |dude |who's |memory |was |good |
- |Inability |to |form |new |long |term |memories
- |surgery |for |relief |of |epilepsy
- |immediate |memory |span |is |normal
- |Clive |Wearing |& |HM |- |trapped |in |the |present Which |brain |areas |are |affected |in |H.M |& |Clive |Wearing? |- | CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-temporal |lobes, |hippocampus what |are |important |qualification's |concerning |anterograde | amnesia |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Declarative |memory |- | remembering |'that'. |(invovles |hippocampus, |temporal |lobes) |vs. Procedural |memory |- |remembering |'how'. (cortex, |basal |ganglia, |thalamus) retrograde |amnesia |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Inability |to | remember |events |prior |to |brain |trauma What |conclusions |where |drawn |from |the |effects |to |memory | damage? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Two |types |of |memory | exist |Short |term |(STM) |and |long |term |memory |(LTM). What |are |the | 3 |stages |of |memory? |- |CORRECT | ANSWER✔✔-- |Sensory
- |Working/short |term |memory |
What |is |priming |and |renency |effect? |- |CORRECT | ANSWER✔✔-There |is |the |beginning, |a |very |long |middle |that | blurs |together, |and |now |it |is |the |end. |The |primacy |effect |is | the |beginning; |you |remember |it |because |that |is |where |you | started. |The |recency |effect |is |the |finish; |you |remember |the | end |the |best. How |do |you |get |rid |of |the |renency |effect? |- |CORRECT | ANSWER✔✔-By |delaying |recall |and |not |allowing |the |chance | to |rehearse, |abolished |when |you |delay |recall |for |up |to | 30 | seconds When |is |the |renency |effect |uneffected? |- |CORRECT | ANSWER✔✔-When |you |go |past |information |really |fast What |does |the |serial |position |curve |tell |us? |- |CORRECT | ANSWER✔✔-Primacy |effect |& |middle |portion |of |the |serial | position |curve |reflect |retrieval |from |long |term |memory. |Also |items |presented |first |are |recalled |and |remembered |best. Problem |with |stage |theory |of |memory? |- |CORRECT | ANSWER✔✔-Rote |rehearsal |does |not |always |lead |to |good | long |term |memory
What |are |the |The |Levels |of |Processing |approach |(Craik |& | Lockhart) |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-- |cognitive |processes |are |better |than |memory |structures |
- |deep |processing |- |good |memory
- |shallow |processing |- |poor |memory
- |The |idea |that |memory |is |a |by-product |of |thought What |are |the |three |levels |of |processing? |- |CORRECT | ANSWER✔✔-- |Physical |condition |
- |Acoustic |condition
- |Semantic |condition What |is |Semantic |processing/ |conditioning |- |CORRECT | ANSWER✔✔-Semantic |processing, |which |happens |when |we |encode |the |meaning |of |a |word |and |relate |it |to |similar |words | with |similar |meaning What |is |physical |processing/ |conditioning |- |CORRECT | ANSWER✔✔-which |is |when |we |encode |only |the |physical | qualities |of |something, |they |way |a |letter |or |a |word |looks. What |is |acoustic |processing/ |conditioning |- |CORRECT | ANSWER✔✔-Acoustic |Encoding |is |the |process |of | remembering |and |comprehending |something |that |you |
What |is |breadth |processing? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔- Breadth |of |Processing Elaborative |encoding |involves |organizing |and |integrating | new |information |into |what |you |already |know. | -Rehearsal |in |STM |is |not |very |effective |for |encoding |new | information |in |LTM. What |effects |Eye |witness |testimony |? |- |CORRECT | ANSWER✔✔-This |is |effect |by |amnesia |- |also |known |as | source |confusion |- |individuals |remember |an |object |or | episode, |but |are |mistaken |about |the |source |of |that |memory What |did |u |learn |from |William |Stern |- |CORRECT | ANSWER✔✔-Confidence |in |memory |often |unrelated |to accuracy |of |testimony what |are |Memory |distortions |(lies) |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔- They |are |misrepresentations |of |things, |the |details |that |were |left |out |and |the |details |that |were |added |appeared |related |to |the |cultural |background |of |the |individuals |doing |the | remembering What |are |flash |bulb |memories? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-A | flashbulb |memory |is |a |detailed |and |vivid |memory |that |is | stored |on |one |occasion |and |retained |for |a |lifetime. |Usually, | such |memories |are |associated |with |important |historical |or |
autobiographical |events. |... |In |each |case, |what |makes |the | memory |"special" |is |the |emotional |arousal |at |the |moment | that |the |event |was |registered. What |does |Flashbulb |memories |effect? |- |CORRECT | ANSWER✔✔-effect |of |emotionally |intense |experience |on | memory What |are |the |Features |of |flashbulb |memories |- |CORRECT | ANSWER✔✔-- |Location |- |where |you |were?
- |Activity |- |what |you |were |doing?
- |Source |- |who |told |you?
- |Affect |- |what |you |felt?
- |Aftermath |- |what |happened |next? Why |does |emotion |boost |memory? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔- Interaction |between |amygdala |and |hippocampus Does |Hypnosis |increase |accuracy |of |memory |and |memory | confidence? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-hypnosis |greatly | increases |memory |confidence, |with |no |increase |in |memory | accuracy Two |things |that |improve |memory? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-
- |External |aids
