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A comprehensive overview of persuasion techniques and fallacies in public speaking. It defines key concepts such as manipulative persuasion, reasoned persuasion, logos, pathos, and ethos. Additionally, it covers various types of fallacies, including slippery slope, red herring, and ad hominem, offering a valuable resource for understanding effective and ethical communication strategies. This resource is useful for students studying communication, rhetoric, or public speaking, offering clear definitions and examples to enhance their understanding of persuasive techniques and logical fallacies. It also explores the role of credibility and reasoning in effective communication.
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Manipulative Persuasion - correct answer Persuasion that works through suggestion, colorful images, music, and attractive spokespersons more than through evidence and reasoning. It avoids the ethical burden of justification. Reasoned Persuasion - correct answer Persuasion built on evidence and reasoning Evidence - correct answer Supporting materials used in persuasive speeches, including facts and figures, examples, narratives, and testimony Reluctant Witnesses - correct answer Witnesses who testify against their apparent self-interest Proof - correct answer An array of evidence that drives thoughtful listeners toward conclusion Logos - correct answer A form of proof that ppeals to reason based largely on facts and expert testimony presented logically Pathos - correct answer Proof relying on appeals to personal feelings Ethos - correct answer A form of proof that relies on the audience's perceptions of a speaker's leadership qualities of competence, character, goodwill ,and dynamism Mythos - correct answer A form of proof grounded in the social feelings that connect us powerfully with group traditions, values, legends, and loyalties Initial Credibility - correct answer The audience's assesment of your ethoso before you begin your speech
Emerging Credibility - correct answer The changes in the audience's assessment of ethos that occur during your speech Terminal Credibility - correct answer The audience's assessment of ethos after a speaker has made a presentation Reason from principle - correct answer Reasoning from shared principles, values, and rules. Sometimes called deductive reasoning. Deductive reasoning - correct answer Arguing from a general principle to a specific case Major premise - correct answer The general principle on which an argument is based Minor premise - correct answer Relating a specific instance to the general principle that supports an argument Conclusion - correct answer Meaning Drawn from the relationship between the major and minor premises Syllogism - correct answer Pattern of deductive reasoning as it develops in reasoned persuasion Reasoning from reality - correct answer Emphasis on factual instances to reach a general conclusion Inductive reasoning - correct answer Reasoning from specific factual instances to reach a general conclusion Reasoning from parallel cases - correct answer Presenting a similar situation as the basis of an argument. Often called analogical reasoning Analogical Reasoning - correct answer Creating a strategic perspective on a subject by relativng it to something similar about which teh audience has strong feelings
hasty generalization - correct answer an error of inductive reasonings in which a claim is made based on insufficient or no representative information non sequitur fallacy - correct answer occurs when conclusions do not follow from the premises that precede them or from irrelevant evidence faulty analogy - correct answer a comparison drawn between things that are dissimilar in some important way either-or thinking - correct answer a fallacy that occurs when a speaker suggests that there are only two options, only one of which is desirable straw man fallacy - correct answer understating, distorting, or otherwise misrepresenting the position of opponents for ease of refutation