PUNCTUATION MARKS IN DETAIL, Slides of Grammar and Composition

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Enriching Language

Use through

Punctuation

Full stop / Period ●

*Used to mark the end

of:

1. Sentences

Alia has gone on vacation.

I will miss her help while she is

gone.

2. Indirect

questions

Before she left, she asked me if I would water

her plants.

I asked her if she would send me a postcard.

Perio

d

*Used to mark the end

of:

3. Commands

Please type this letter for

me. 

Answer the

phone.

4. Requests phrased as

questions

Would you please type this letter as soon

as

possible.

May we have your response by the end of the

week.

Perio

d

*Do NOT use a period:

1. After a heading or a

title

Chapter One: Recognizing Verbs and

Subjects

2. After a sentence ending in a

punctuated abbreviation

Our guest speaker this evening is Marcus

More, Ph.D.

Perio

d

*Do NOT use a period:

3. When the number or letters of a list have

been enclosed in parentheses.



The following factors will be considered: (a)

attendance,

(b) punctuality, and (c)

performance.

Compare with:



The following factors will be

considered:

1. Attendance

2. Punctuality
3. Performance

Question

Mark

*Used to mark the end

of :

1. Direct questions

Will my order be ready by

Tuesday? 

Have you checked your

records?

2. Directly quoted

questions

“Do you mind if I smoke? ” asked the

interviewer. 

He then asked, “How old are

you? ”

Exclamation

Mark

*Used to mark the end of :

1. Sentences to indicate emphasis or strong

emotion





Stop interrupting me!

Unauthorized personnel are not to be

admitted!

2. Interjections (words or phrases inserted into

sentences to indicate emphasis or surprise)





Boy! Was I angry.

Stop! Do not read any

(In the further. two sentences above, Boy and Stop are

interjections.)

Semicolon

*Used to join two closely related

sentences

Sam sees the tree ; Willy hears the

birds.

I will arrange a guest speaker ; Arlene will take

care of refreshments.

We have sent you three bills and two

statements ; however, we have not received

your payment.

I received your bill for consultant services

performed in April ; therefore, I am enclosing a

check for $940.

Semicolo

n

REMEMBER:

*The test for correct semicolon ( ; ) use

is to see whether a period (●)

would be grammatically correct in

its place.

*If NOT, the semicolon has been

misused.

Colon

*Used in the following situations:

3. Before a formal quotation



Secretary’s World reports : “Secretaries are

members of the fastest-growing

occupational group. Annual average job

openings are now 300,000 and expected to

expand to 325,000.”

Colo

n

*Used in the following situations:

4. After the salutation in a business letter

 Dear Sir :

 Gentlemen :

5. Between a title and a subtitle

 Word Processing : An Introduction

6. Between the hour and minute of a time

reference

 9 : 10 A.M.