Cognitive Labs Quiz 2 Review
Attentional Blink
oMain function of attention is selectively choosing some stimuli and ignoring
others
Some stimuli are processed and some are not
Mind can only handle only limited amounts of information
oThere is a brief time after paying attention to one stimulus when attention cannot
be focused on a subsequent stimulus
This duration is called attentional blink
oFindings
Identification of second target letter is very low when it immediately
follows first target letter
As temporal separation increases, identification of second letter increases
oFocusing attention on that letter requires time and if second letter appears during
that time, it is not given attention
oAttentional blink is associated with cognition stage of human behavior
Change detection
oBasic idea
People do not store many details of a scene in memory
Critical factor is attention
In order to see an object change, it is necessary to attend to the
object
oOnce you know what to look for, change is easy to detect
oFlicker paradigm
Original image is followed by blank image, then followed by the changed
image
Presence of mask prevents automatic detection of change
oIf masked, you have to search the scene for every object until you find the change
oChange blindness
Failing to detect changed object
Spatial Cueing
oSubjects cued with likely location of a target in a display
Cue can be either valid or invalid
oResponses are faster when target appears in cued location
Valid trial
oThese patterns occur independently of eye movements
Eye tracker verifies that eyes are at the center of the display but focus of
attention can be to the left or the right
Stroop Effect
oAutomatized
When a behavior or skill no longer requires direct interaction or thinking
through the steps
Typing, reading, bicycling, driving, etc.
oStroop said observers slower to identify color of ink when ink was used to
produce color names different from color of ink
