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Radiology Study Guide for State Test
matter - correct answer Anything that has mass and takes up space Density, and what controls it- MA's or KV's - correct answer The overall darkness or blackness of an image (MAS) Contrast - correct answer Differences in degrees of blackness on an image (KVS) Somatic effect - correct answer not passed on to future generations genetic effect - correct answer effects or radiation that are passed on to future generations through generic cells ionization - correct answer Process by which electrons are removed from atoms, causing the harmful effects of radiation in humans ALARA - correct answer As Low As Reasonably Achievable Anode - correct answer the positive electrode in the x- ray tube (+electrode) Cathode - correct answer the negative electrode in the x-ray tube (- electrode) Latent period - correct answer Time between exposure to ionizing radiation and appearance of symptoms (on an image)
Electron - correct answer negatively charged particle in the atom photon - correct answer A minute (tiny) bundle of pure energy that has no weight or mass Radiolucent - correct answer radiation can easily pass (dark, air space) Radiopaque - correct answer radiation does not pass easily (light, white) (bones, fillings, enamel) What the hear of the x-ray tubehead is - correct answer x-ray tube which organs have the highest sensitivity to dental radiation - correct answer Skin , eye, oral mucosa (reproductive system) What alterations should be made, if any, concerning taking radiographs on patients that are pregnant - correct answer none the layers of an atom - correct answer Center nucleus 2nd layer: orbit 3rd layer: orbit When primary, secondary, and scatter radiation takes place - correct answer primary: useful beam secondary: when primary beam interacts with matter scatter: when secondary deflects from its path what the maximum permissible dose (MPD) for radiation per year is, for those who are occupationally exposed - correct answer 5, mrems or 5.0's
what solution removes all unexposed, undeveloped silver halide crystals from emulsion - correct answer fixer solution what speeds of film are available (identified by letters) and which one requires the least amount of radiation exposure to the patient - correct answer A-F Fspeed newest, fastest, least radiation which solution can cause white spots to appear, if splashed on the film during processing - correct answer a light leak, a lack of contrast because of KVS what device is built into an extraoral film cassette, that increases the effect of radiation, therefore decreases the amount of exposure needed - correct answer intensifying screen how often processing solutions ( fixer and developer) should be replaced - correct answer daily What the difference is between intraoral film and extraoral film - correct answer intraoral=inside mouth Extraoral= outside of the mouth what the five sizes of intraoral dental films are, what they are each used for, and which one is used the most - correct answer small, # used for 3yrs or under #1 anterior #2 most common for bite wing (horizontal) #3 vertical bite wing #4 occlusal what the names of the extraoral films are and the differences between them - correct answer 1. panoramic-maxilla and mandible on a single radiograph, cephalometric boney and soft tissue of facial profile
What two things the Consumer-patient Radiation Health and Safety Act requires - correct answer Properly trained and certified What 5 things the patient should have knowledge of, in order to give informed consent, or refuse the radiographs - correct answer 1. risk/benefit 2. who will expose x-ray 3. what type and how many 4. consequence of not having it 5. alternative diagnosis Who legally own the radiographs that are taken in the dental office - correct answer the dentist What two things a dental assistant should do if the patient refuses radiographs - correct answer document in chart and inform dentist what the most critical component in quality control of film processing is - correct answer the processing solution (film quality) the two methods used to check for developer strength - correct answer time temp chart or reference radiograph step wedge who is legally responsible for overall quality assurance in the dental field - correct answer the dentist what can be used to test the safelight in the dark room - correct answer the coin test what two things can be done to minimize contamination on film packet after they have been exposed - correct answer plastic barrier or envelope over film package which side of the film always faces the teeth and PID - correct answer the white side what the film should be parallel to when using the paralleling technique - correct answer the paralleling technique
